# अरुण (aruṇa)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/aruna

अरुण (aruṇa) is a Sanskrit word meaning reddish-brown, tawny, red, or ruddy, perplexed, dumb, coarse, full of or mixed with, red color. Its 83 recorded definitions are grouped into 16 contexts, among them Proper Names (Other Individuals, Deities, Groups, Mythical Beings), The Color Red/Ruddy and Related Hues, The Sun.

- **Root:** ऋ (ṛ)
- **Etymology:** E. ऋ to go, and उनन Uṇādi aff — E. ṛ to go, and unana Uṇādi aff
- **SLP1:** `aruRa`  **IAST:** aruṇa  **Devanagari:** अरुण
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruna_%28Hinduism%29
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/aruna/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** आरुण (āruṇa), अरुणा (aruṇā)

## Meanings by context

### Proper Names (Other Individuals, Deities, Groups, Mythical Beings) (21 definitions)
- name of a teacher  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a teacher, Taittirīya-saṃhitā (Title); Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title); Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa (Title) [ ID=15427 ]
- of the composer of the hymn  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the composer of the hymn, Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 91 (with the patron. Vaitahavya), ṚV-anukramaṇikā (Title) [ ID=15428 ]
- of the Naga priest Ata  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the Nāga priest Āṭa, PañcaviṃśaBrāhmaṇa [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=15429 ]
- a son of Krishna  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Kṛṣṇa, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=15430 ]
- of the Daitya Mura  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the Daitya Mura, in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=15431 ]
- a pupil of Upaveshi  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > ( अरुण (aruṇa) ) m. N. of a pupil of Upaveśi ( cf. अरुण (aruṇa) m. above), Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title) xiv [ ID=15433 ]
- a class of seventy-seven Ketus  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) ( आस् (ās) ), m. pl. N. of a class of Ketus (seventy seven in number), Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā (Title) [ ID=15433.1 ]
- the composers of certain Mantras  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) m. (named as the composers of certain Mantras), Kāṭhaka (Literary category) [ ID=15434 ]
- 1. Name of one of the twelve Adityas. 2. The Aditya presiding over Magha.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 9 N. of one of the 12 Ādityas, the one presiding over Māgha
- 1. The sun's wife. 2. Shadow.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — या (yā) ) 1 the sun's wife. 2 shadow
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Aruṇa 2 = Śiva (1000 names 1 ), etc. [ ID=842 ]
- a class of divine sages  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Aruṇa 4, pl. ( °āḥ ), § 630 (Rājadh.): XII, 26 α, 774 ( Ajāś ca Pṛśnayaś caiva Sikatāś caiva, Bhārata!|Aruṇāḥ Ketavaś caiva svādhyāyena divaṃ gatāḥ; Nīl. Ajādayo Vālakhilyavad ṛṣīṇāṃ gaṇa-viśeṣāḥ ). [ ID=844 ]
- 1. A son of Danu. 2. A rakshasa associated with the sun in certain months.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 1-100 ] Aruṇa (I) — a son of Danu: 1 the Rākṣasa with the sun in the months Nabha and Nabhasya. 2 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. VI. 6. 30.] [ Footnote: 2) Vā. 52. 10; Br. II. 23. 10.] [ ID=809 ]
- a sage of the eleventh epoch of Manu  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (II) — a sage of the eleventh epoch of Manu. Bhā. VIII. 13. 25. [ ID=810 ]
- The son of Haryashva  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (III) — The son of Haryaśva, and father of Tri- bandhana. Bhā. IX. 7. 4. [ ID=811 ]
- a son of Mura  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (IV) — a son of Mura (s.v.). Bhā. X. 59. 12. [ ID=812 ]
- a son of Krishna  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (V) — a son of Kṛṣṇa. Bhā. X. 90. 33. [ ID=813 ]
- a son of Raivata  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (VIII) — a son of Raivata. M. 9. 21. [ ID=816 ]
- a sadhya  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (IX) — a sādhya. M. 171. 43. [ ID=817 ]
- the sons of Dullola  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇas (I) — the sons of Dullola. Br. III. 7. 443. [ ID=818 ]
- an epithet of the Kshatriyas of Shalmali dvipa  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇas (II) — of the Kṣatriyas of Śālmali dvīpa. Vi. II. 4. 30. [ ID=819 ]

### The Color Red/Ruddy and Related Hues (13 definitions)
- reddish-brown, tawny, red, or ruddy  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 88,2] अरुण (aruṇa) mf( आ (ā) [ Ṛg-veda (Title) v, 63, 6, c.] or ई (ī) [ Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 61, 4, ( nom. pl. अरुण (aruṇa) यस् (aruṇayas) ), 95, 6 ])n. (√ ऋ (ṛ), Uṇādi-sūtra (Title) ), reddish-brown, tawny, red, ruddy (the colour of the morning opposed to the darkness of night), Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. [ ID=15417 ]
- red color  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 88,2] अरुण (aruṇa) m. red colour, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=15420 ]
- red colour, gold  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 88,2] अरुण (aruṇa) ( अम् (am) ), n. red colour, Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 168, 1, gold, Atharva-veda (Title) xiii, 4, 51 [ ID=15438 ]
- Reddish brown or ruddy  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 0162-a ] अरुण (aruṇa) a. ( णा, - णी (ṇā, -ṇī) f. ) [ ऋ - उनन् (ṛ-unan); cf. Uṇādisūtras 3. 60 ] 1 Reddish brown, tawny, red, ruddy (of the colour of the morning as opposed to the darkness of night); प्रत्याख्यातविशेषकं कुरबकं (pratyākhyātaviśeṣakaṃ kurabakaṃ) श्यामावदातारुणं (śyāmāvadātāruṇaṃ) Mālavikāgnimitra (Bombay) 3. 5; नयनान्यरुणानि घूर्णयन् (nayanānyaruṇāni ghūrṇayan) Kumārasambhava (Bombay) 4. 12
- Red colour  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 1 Red colour, the colour of the dawn or morning twilight
- Red colour  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णं (ṇaṃ) 1 Red colour
- 1. Ruddy, light brown, or golden. 2. Redness, dawn, or the sun.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 027-1 ] अरुण (aruṇa) ar-uṇá, a. ( ā́; V. also ī́ ) ruddy; lightbrown; golden; m. redness; dawn ( personified as charioteer of the sun ); sun; -kara, m. sun; -tā, f. redness; -psu, a. ruddy. [ ID=2580 ]
- 1. Reddish-brown. 2. Ruddy. 3. Dumb.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 063-09 ] अरुण (aruṇa) (I) a. (f. णा (ṇā) or णी (ṇī) ) 1. Reddish-brown; 2. ruddy; 3. dumb. [ ID=3290 ]
- 1. Red colour. 2. Saffron.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) (III) n. 1. Red colour; 2. saffron. [ ID=3292 ]
- 1. Tawny or dark red. 2. The dawn. 3. The sun. 4. A proper name.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 0047-b ] अरुण (aruṇa) aruṇa (akin to arus, cf. aruṣa ). Page0048-a+ 39 I. adj., f. ṇā and ṇī, Tawny, dark red, Chr. 293, 2 = Rigv. i. 88, 2; Rām. 3, 5, 7. II. m. 1. The dawn, Man. 10, 33. 2. The sun, Śāk. d. 31 ( pariṇata-, The setting sun). 3. A proper name, Dev. 11, 49. [ ID=987 ]
- 1. Ruddy, light brown, or yellowish. 2. Redness, the dawn personified as the charioteer of the sun, the sun itself, or the name of a teacher. 3. A red cow or the dawn. 4. Redness, gold, or a ruby.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 040 ] अरुण (aruṇa) f. आ (ā) (ved. also ई (ī) ) ruddy, light-brown, yellowish. m. redness, pers. as Aruṇa, the Dawn, conceived as the charioteer of the Sun; the Sun itself; N. of an old teacher etc. f. ई (ī) a red cow; the dawn. n. redness, gold, ruby. [ ID=2810 ]
- 1. Ruddy. 2. A proper name.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 120-b ] aruṇá, a. ruddy; as m. Aruna, name of a teacher, 95 11. [ cf. aruṣá. ] [ ID=393 ]
- 1. Reddish-brown, tawny, red, or ruddy. 2. The color of dawn. 3. The dawn personified as the charioteer of the sun. 4. The sun. 5. A kind of leprosy with red spots and skin insensibility. 6. A small poisonous animal. 7. Molasses. 8. A red cow. 9. Gold.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 0082-a ] अरुण (aruṇa) aruṇa, as, ā or ī, am (said to be fr. rt. ṛ ), reddish-brown, tawny, red; ruddy; the colour of the morning opposed to the darkness of night; per- plexed; dumb; ( as ), m. red colour, the colour of the dawn; dawn; the dawn personified as the charioteer of the sun; the sun; a kind of leprosy, with red spots and insensibility of the skin; a little poisonous animal; N. of a plant, Rottleria Tinctoria; molasses; N. of several persons; ( ā ), f., N. of several plants; a plant Betula; madder, Rubia Manjith; another plant, commonly Téori; a black kind of the same; Colo- cynth or bitter apple; the plant that yields the red and black berry used for the jewellers’ weight, called Retti; N. of a river; ( ī ), f. a red cow; the dawn; ( am ), n. red colour; gold. —Aruṇa- kamala, am, n. the red lotus. —Aruṇa-jyotis, is m. an epithet of Śiva. —Aruṇa-tā, f. red colour. —Aruṇa-datta, as, m., N. of an author. —Aruṇa- dūrvā, f. reddish fennel. —Aruṇa-priyā, f., N. of an Apsaras. —Aruṇa-psu, us, us, u, Ved. having a red shape. —Aruṇa-babhru, us, us, u, Ved. red- dish-yellow. —Aruṇa-yuj, k, k, k, Ved. furnished with red (rays of light), an epithet of the dawn. —Aruṇa-locana, as, ā, am, red-eyed; ( as ), m. a pigeon. —Aruṇa-sārathi, is, m. whose charioteer is Aruṇa; epithet of the sun. —Aruṇāgra-ja (°ṇa- ag°), as, m. Garuḍa, the bird of Viṣṇu. —Aruṇāt- maja (°ṇa-āt°), as, m., N. of Jaṭāyu, a fabulous bird, said by some to be the son of Aruṇa, but more generally of Garuḍa. —Aruṇārcis (°ṇa-ar°), is, m. the sun. —Aruṇāvara-ja (°ṇa-av°), as, m. the younger brother of Aruṇa, a N. of Garuḍa. —Aru- ṇāśva (°ṇa-aś°), as, m., Ved. driving with red horses, an epithet of the Maruts. —Aruṇekṣaṇa (°ṇa-īk°), as, ā, am, red-eyed. —Aruṇoda (°ṇa- ud°), as, am, m. n., N. of a lake. —Aruṇodaya (°ṇa-ud°), as, m. break of day, dawn, the period preceding sunset. —Aruṇopala (°ṇa-up°), as, m. a ruby. [ ID=5811 ]

### The Sun (9 definitions)
- the sun  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the sun, Śākuntala, the drama Abhijñāna-śakuntalā of Kālidāsa (Title) [ ID=15422 ]
- The sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 3 The sun; रागेण बालारुणकोमलेन (rāgeṇa bālāruṇakomalena) Kumārasambhava (Bombay) 3. 30, 5. 8; संसृज्यते (saṃsṛjyate) सरसिजैररुणांशुभिन्नैः (sarasijairaruṇāṃśubhinnaiḥ) Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 5. 69; Śakuntalā (Bombay) 1. 32
- the sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अर्चिस् (arcis) m. the sun
- an epithet of the sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — प्रिय (priya) a. ‘beloved of red flowers and lotuses’, N. of the sun. (
- 1. The sun. 2. The sun charioteer or personified dawn. 3. Dark red or a mixture of red and black. 4. Tawny. 5. Sunset redness. 6. A form of leprosy with red spots and skin numbness. 7. A mute person. 8. Tawny or dark red.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 067 ] अरुण (aruṇa) m. ( - णः (-ṇaḥ) ) 1 A name of the sun. 2 Also of his charioteer, or the dawn personified as the son of KAŚYAPA by VINATĀ. 3 The colour of the dawn, dark red, or the mixture of red and black. 4 Tawny, (the colour.) 5 The redness of sun-set. 6 A kind of leprosy, with red spots and insensibility of the skin. 7 A dumb man. f. ( - णा (-ṇā) ) 1 A plant, ( Betula.) See अतिविषा (ativiṣā). 2 Madder, ( Rubia manjith.) 3 Another plant, commonly Tëori. See त्रिष्टत् (triṣṭat). 4 A black kind of the same. 5 Colocynth or bitter apple. 6 The plant that yields the red and black berry from which the jeweller's weight, the Ratti, is derived. See गुञ्जा (guñjā). mfn. ( - णः (-ṇaḥ)- णा (-ṇā)- णं (-ṇaḥ-ṇā-ṇaṃ) ) Tawny, dark red, &c. E. ऋ (ṛ) to go, and उनन (unana) Uṇādi aff. [ ID=3186 ]
- 1. The sun or dawn. 2. Tawny.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 052-b ] अरुण (aruṇa) ( णः ) ((ṇaḥ)) 1. m. The sun; the dawn. णा (ṇā) f. (Betula). a. Tawny. [ ID=2648 ]
- 1. The sun. 2. The charioteer of the sun.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) (II) m. 1. The sun, संसृज्यते सरसिजैररुणांशुभिन्नैः (saṃsṛjyate sarasijairaruṇāṃśubhinnaiḥ) R. v.69; 2. the name of the charioteer of the sun, यावत्प्रतापनिधिराक्रमते न म्हानुरह्नाय तावदरुणेन तमो निरस्तम् (yāvatpratāpanidhirākramate na mhānurahnāya tāvadaruṇena tamo nirastam) R. v.71. [ ID=3291 ]
- 1. The sun. 2. The charioteer of the sun or the dawn personified. 3. Dark red or the color of dawn. 4. Tawny. 5. The redness of sunset. 6. A kind of leprosy with red spots and skin insensibility. 7. A dumb man.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) m. ( - णः (-ṇaḥ) ) 1. A name of the sun. 2. Also of his charioteer, or the dawn personified as the son of KASYAPA by VINATA. 3. The colour of the dawn, dark red, or the mixture of red and black. 4. Tawny, (the colour.) 5. The redness of sun-set. 6. A kind of leprosy, with red spots and insensibility of the skin. 7. A dumb man. 4. ( णा (ṇā) ) 1. A plant, (Betula.) See अतिविषा (ativiṣā). 2. Mader, (Rubia manjith.) 3. Another plant, commonly Teori. See त्रिवृत् (trivṛt). 4. A black kind of the same. 5. Colocynth or bitter apple. 6. The plant that yields the red and black berry from which the jeweller's weight, the Retti, is derived. See गुञ्जा (guñjā). mfn. ( - णः (-ṇaḥ)- णा (ṇā)- णं (-ṇaḥ-ṇā-ṇaṃ) ) Tawny, dark red, &c. E. ऋ (ṛ) to go, and उनन् (unan) Udādi aff. [ ID=3184 ]
- the Sun  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Aruṇa 3 = Sūrya (the Sun): III, 148 (Dhaumya's enumeration of Sūrya's 108 names). [ ID=843 ]

### Geographical Features (7 definitions)
- Name of a river  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a river, Mahābhārata (Title) iii, 7022 and ix, 2429 seq. [ ID=15436 ]
- Name of a peak of the Himalaya situated to the west of Kailasa.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 8 N. of a peak of the Himālaya situated to the west of Kailāsa
- the name of a river  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णा (ṇā) 2 N. ( pb ) of a river
- Name of Yamuna and Tapti.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — जा (jā) ) N. of Yamunā and Tāptī
- the name of a lake  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — उदकं (udakaṃ) N. of a lake. (
- Name of a river.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — का (kā) ) N. of a river
- a hill near Kailasa  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 1-101 ] Aruṇa (VI) — a hill near (on the other side of- Vā. P. ) Kailāsa, the residence of Girīśa and full of medicinal herbs. At its foot is the Śailodā lake from which rises the R. Śilodā on whose bank is the forest Surabhī. Br. II. 18. 18-23; Vā. 47. 17-22. [ ID=814 ]

### Aruṇa, the Mythical Charioteer of the Sun (5 definitions)
- the name of an Asura and of the father of Jatayu  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of an Asura, Mahābhārata (Title) xvi, 119 ( v.l. वरुण (varuṇa) ), of the father of the fabulous bird Jaṭāyu, Mahābhārata (Title) iii, 16045 [ ID=15432 ]
- The dawn personified as the charioteer of the sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 2 The dawn personified as the charioteer of the sun; आविष्कृतारुणपुरःसर एकतोर्कः (āviṣkṛtāruṇapuraḥsara ekatorkaḥ) Śakuntalā (Bombay) 4. 1, 7. 4; विभावरी यद्यरुणाय कल्पते (vibhāvarī yadyaruṇāya kalpate) Kumārasambhava (Bombay) 5. 44; Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 5. 71. [Aruṇa is represented as the elder brother of Garuḍa, being the son of Vinatā by Kaśyapa. Vinatā prematurely hatched the egg and the child was born without thighs, and hence he is called Anūru ‘thighless’, or Vipāda ‘footless.’ He cursed his mother that since she had brought him forth before the due season she would be a slave to her rival Kadrū; but at her earnest entreaties, he modified the curse and said that her next son would deliver her from bondage. Aruṇa now holds the office of the charioteer of the sun. His wife was Śyenī, who bore him two sons Sampāti and Jaṭāyu]
- 1. The son of Aruna, specifically Jatayu. 2. An epithet of Saturn, Savarni Manu, Karna, Sugriva, Yama, and the two Ashvins.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) 1 son of Aruṇa, N. of Jaṭāyu. 2 N. of Saturn, Sāvarṇi Manu, Karṇa, Sugrīva, Yama and the two Aśvins. (
- the charioteer of Surya  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 091-1 ] Aruṇa 1 (the charioteer of Sūrya). § 27 (Kaśyapa): I, 16, 1091: Son of Kaśyapa and Vinatā; came out of the egg, though not yet full-grown, and cursed his mother.—§ 34 (Garuḍa): I, 24, 1263, 1264: Carried by Garuḍa and placed in the east.—§ 35: I, 24, 1275, 1277, 1278: At this time Sūrya, who was in danger of being devoured by Rāhu, and did not obtain any help, became wroth, and from the mountains of the west began to destroy the world with heat. The gods and ṛṣis repaired to Brahmán, who ordered Aruṇa to become the charioteer of the Sun and take away the Sun's glow.—§ 45 (Vālikhily.): I, 31, 1469: Begotten in consequence of the Vālikhilyas having cursed Indra, and destined by Kaśyapa to become the brother and helpmate of Indra.—§ 99 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 65, 2548 (one of the six Vainateyāḥ).—§ 120 b (Devagaṇāḥ): I, 66, 2603.—§ 128 (Śyenī): I, 66, 2633 ( Aruṇasya bhāryā Śyenī; her sons are Sampāti and Jaṭāyus).—§ 129 (Aṃśāvat): I, 66, 2634.—§ 191 (Arjuna): I, 123, 4830 (among the Vainateyas present at the birth of Arjuna).— [§ 370 (Tīrthay.): III, 84, 8134: v. Aruṇā; B. has Kauśiky-Aruṇayor.]—§ 600 (Ghaṭotk.): VII, 175, 7906 ( Aruṇena yathā Raviḥ ).—§ 602 (Droṇav.): VII, 186, 8458 ( Ādityasya puraḥsaraḥ ).—§ 605 (Karṇap.): VIII, 32, 1347 ( Aruṇena yathā…Sūryo ), 1349 ( Sūryāruṇau yathā ). —§ 615 u (Skanda): IX, 45 γ, 2518; 46, 2652 (the Mātṛs are aruṇābhās “of the colour of Dawn”), 2664 (the banner which was given to Skanda had the colour of the Dawn and the Sun), 2669 ( A. gave Skanda a cock— tāmracūḍaṃ …caraṇāyudhaṃ ).—§ 748 (Tārakavadh.): XIII, 86 β, 4207 (gave Skanda a cock of the splendour of Fire). [ ID=841 ]
- 1. A son of Vinata and brother of Garuda. 2. The charioteer of the sun. 3. A personification of dawn.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Aruṇa (VII) — A son of Viṅatā and brother of Garuḍa. 1 The charioteer of the Sun. He is said to yoke the seven horses bearing the names of metres (Chandas). 2 Came to see Parīkṣit practising prāyopaveśa. 3 Married Gṛdhrī (Śyenī- Vā. P. ) who gave birth to Sampāti and Jaṭāyu; 4 A personification of Dawn: Image of. 5 [ Footnote: 1) Br. III. 7. 29; M. 6. 34; 150. 151-2; Vi. I. 21. 18.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. V. 21. 15-16; Vā. 28. 32; Br. II. 11. 37.] [ Footnote: 3) Bhā. I. 19. 11. Vā. 69. 66.] [ Footnote: 4) Br. III. 7. 446; Vā. 69. 326.] [ Footnote: 5) M. 261. 7.] [ ID=815 ]

### Specific Animals (5 definitions)
- a little poisonous animal  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a little poisonous animal, Suśruta (Title) [ ID=15424 ]
- a red cow in Vedic myths  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 88,2] अरुणी (aruṇī) ( ईस् (īs) ), f. red cow (in the Vedic myths), Ṛg-veda (Title) & Sāma-veda (Title) [ ID=15436.1 ]
- A little poisonous creature.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 5 A little poisonous creature
- A red cow  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णी (ṇī) 1 A red cow ( Nir. )
- a pigeon  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — नः (naḥ) ) a pigeon

### Plants and Plant-Related Terms (4 definitions)
- the plant Rottleria Tinctoria  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the plant Rottleria Tinctoria, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15425 ]
- 1. The plants Betula, madder, Teöri, and bitter apple. 2. The plant yielding the red and black berry used for jewellers weight.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 88,2] अरुणा (aruṇā) f. the plants Betula, madder ( Rubia Manjith ), Teöri, a black kind of the same, Colocynth or bitter apple, the plant that yields the red and black berry used for the jewellers weight (called Retti), Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15435 ]
- 1. The plant punnaga. 2. A synonym of arka.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 6 N. of a plant पुंनाग (puṃnāga); also a synonym of अर्क (arka) q. v
- 1. Ativisha. 2. Madder. 3. Trivrit. 4. A black variety of Trivrit. 5. Bitter apple. 6. The Gunja plant. 7. Mundatikta.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णा (ṇā) 1 N. of several plants ( a ) अतिविषा (ativiṣā) ( Mar. अतिविख (ativikha) ); ( b ) Madder ( मंजिष्ठा (maṃjiṣṭhā) ); ( c ) त्रिवृत् (trivṛt) commonly called Teori; ( d ) a black kind of the same ( श्यामाका (śyāmākā) ); ( e ) bitter apple ( इंद्रवारुणी (iṃdravāruṇī) ); ( f ) the Guñja plant that yields the red and black berry ( गुंज (guṃja) ) used as a weight by jewellers &c. ( g ) मुंडतिक्ता (muṃḍatiktā)

### Other Substances (Molasses, Saffron) (3 definitions)
- molasses  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > molasses, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15426 ]
- Molasses  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 7 Molasses ( गुड (guḍa) )
- Saffron.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णं (ṇaṃ) 3 Saffron

### The Dawn (Phenomenon) (3 definitions)
- the dawn, personified as the charioteer of the sun  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the dawn (personified as the charioteer of the sun), Manu-smṛti (Title) x, 33, &c. [ ID=15421 ]
- the dawn  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the dawn, Ṛg-veda (Title) [ ID=15437 ]
- The early dawn.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णी (ṇī) 2 The early dawn

### Epithets and Derived Descriptive Terms (2 definitions)
- furnished with red rays of light  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — युज् (yuj) a. furnished with red rays of light, epithet of the dawn
- red-eyed  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लोचन (locana) a. red-eyed. (

### Gemstones and Precious Metals (Ruby, Gold) (2 definitions)
- a ruby  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) m. a ruby, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=15439 ]
- Gold  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णं (ṇaṃ) 2 Gold

### Miscellaneous Adjectival Meanings or Senses (2 definitions)
- coarse  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 1316,1] coarse (as food), Jātakamālā (Title) [ ID=15419.1 ]
- full of or mixed with  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > full of, mixed with ( instr. or comp. ), ib. [ ID=15419.2 ]

### Specific Medical Condition (Leprosy) (2 definitions)
- a kind of leprosy with red spots and insensibility of the skin  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of leprosy (with red [ cf. Atharva-veda (Title) v, 22, 3 and vi, 20, 3 ] spots and insensibility of the skin), Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15423 ]
- A kind of leprosy with red spots and skin insensibility.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — णः (ṇaḥ) 4 A kind of leprosy with red spots and insensibility of the skin

### State of Being Dumb (2 definitions)
- dumb  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > dumb, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15419 ]
- Dumb  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 0162-a ] अरुण (aruṇa) a. ( णा, - णी (ṇā, -ṇī) f. ) [ ऋ - उनन् (ṛ-unan); cf. Uṇādisūtras 3. 60 ] 3 Dumb

### State of Being Perplexed/Embarrassed (2 definitions)
- perplexed  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > perplexed, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=15418 ]
- Perplexed, embarrassed  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अरुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 0162-a ] अरुण (aruṇa) a. ( णा, - णी (ṇā, -ṇī) f. ) [ ऋ - उनन् (ṛ-unan); cf. Uṇādisūtras 3. 60 ] 2 Perplexed, embarrassed

### Arugṇa (Healthy/Well) - Distinct Word (1 definition)
- Healthy, well  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अ (a) रुण (aruṇa) [Printed book page 055-b ] अ (a) रुण (aruṇa) mfn. ( - ग्णः - ग्णा - ग्णं (-gṇaḥ-gṇā-gṇaṃ) ) Healthy, well. E. अ (a) neg. रुग्ण (rugṇa) sick. [ ID=3179 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546