# आर्य (ārya)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/arya

आर्य (ārya) is a Sanskrit word meaning a respectable or honorable man, an inhabitant of Aryavarta, one who is faithful to the religion of his country, an Aryan, a member of the first three social castes, a respectable or honourable man. Its 62 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them Noble Qualities and Conduct, The Āryan People: Ethnic and Cultural Identity, Social Roles and Relationships.

- **Root:** ऋ (ṛ)
- **SLP1:** `Arya`  **IAST:** ārya  **Devanagari:** आर्य
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arya_%28Buddhism%29
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/arya/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** आर्या (āryā), अर्या (aryā), अर्य (arya)

## Meanings by context

### Noble Qualities and Conduct (24 definitions)
- 1. A respectable or honorable man. 2. An inhabitant of Aryavarta.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 152,2] आर्य (ārya) m. ( fr. अर्य (arya), √ ऋ (ṛ) ), a respectable or honourable or faithful man, an inhabitant of Āryāvarta [ ID=26533 ]
- one who is faithful to the religion of his country  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > one who is faithful to the religion of his country [ ID=26534 ]
- a respectable or honourable man  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a man highly esteemed, a respectable, honourable man, Pañcatantra (Title); Śakuntalā (Title) &c. [ ID=26537 ]
- honourable, noble, and worthy of an Aryan  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > behaving like an Āryan, worthy of one, honourable, respectable, noble, Rāmāyaṇa (Title); Manu-smṛti (Title); Śakuntalā (Title) &c. [ ID=26545 ]
- of a good family  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a good family [ ID=26546 ]
- excellent  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > excellent [ ID=26547 ]
- wise  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > wise [ ID=26548 ]
- suitable  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > suitable [ ID=26549 ]
- Worthy of an Arya  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0256-c ] आर्य (ārya) a. [ ऋ - ण्यत् (ṛ-ṇyat) ] 2 Worthy of an Ārya
- Worthy, venerable, respectable, honourable, or noble  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0256-c ] आर्य (ārya) a. [ ऋ - ण्यत् (ṛ-ṇyat) ] 3 Worthy, venerable, respectable, honourable, noble, high; यदार्यमस्यामभिलाषि मे (yadāryamasyāmabhilāṣi me) मनः (manaḥ) Śakuntalā (Bombay) 1. 22; so आर्य (ārya) वेषः (āryaveṣaḥ) respectable dress; oft. used in theatrical language as an honorific adjective and a respectful mode of address; आर्य (ārya) चाणक्यः, आर्य (ārya) ा अरुंधती (āryacāṇakyaḥ, āryā aruṃdhatī) &c.; आर्य (ārya) revered or honoured Sir; आर्य (ārya) े (ārye) revered or honoured lady. The following rules are laid down for the use of आर्य (ārya) in addressing persons:- (1) वाच्यौ नटीसूत्रधारावार्यनाम्ना परस्परं । (vācyau naṭīsūtradhārāvāryanāmnā parasparaṃ.) (2) वयस्येत्युत्तमैर्वाच्यो मव्यैरार्येति चाग्रजः । (vayasyetyuttamairvācyo mavyairāryeti cāgrajaḥ.) (3) ( वक्तव्यो (vaktavyo) ) अमात्य आर्य (ārya) े (ārye) ति घेतरैः । (amātya āryeti ghetaraiḥ.) (4) स्वेच्छया (svecchayā) नाममिविंप्रैविंप्र आर्य (ārya) े (ārye) ति चेतरैः । (nāmamiviṃpraiviṃpra āryeti cetaraiḥ.) Sāhityadarpaṇa 431
- Noble, fine, excellent  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0256-c ] आर्य (ārya) a. [ ऋ - ण्यत् (ṛ-ṇyat) ] 4 Noble, fine, excellent
- A man who is faithful to the religion and laws of his country  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 2 A man who is faithful to the religion and laws of his country; कर्तव्यमाचरन् कार्यमकर्तव्यमनाचरन् । तिष्ठति (kartavyamācaran kāryamakartavyamanācaran. tiṣṭhati) प्रकृताचारे स वा आर्य इति स्मृतः ॥ (prakṛtācāre sa vā ārya iti smṛtaḥ..)
- A respectable or honorable man  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 4 A respectable or honourable man, esteemed person; वृत्तेन हि (vṛttena hi) भवत्यार्यो न धनेन न विद्यया (bhavatyāryo na dhanena na vidyayā) Mb
- A man of noble birth  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 5 A man of noble birth
- A man of noble character  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 6 A man of noble character
- A respectable woman.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्या (ryā) 3 A respectable woman
- respectable, worthy, distinguished  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मिश्र (miśra) a. respectable, worthy, distinguished. (
- 1. A gentleman or man of consequence. 2. Respectable men or an assembly of honorable men in the plural. 3. A respectful address meaning your reverence or honor.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — श्रः (śraḥ) ) a gentleman, a man of consequence; ( pl. ) 1 worthy or respectable men, an assembly of honourable men; आर्यमिश्रान् (āryamiśrān) विज्ञापयामि (vijñāpayāmi) Vikramorvaśīyam (Bombay) 1. 2 your reverence or honour (a respectful address); नन्वार्यमिश्रैः प्रथममेव आज्ञप्तं (nanvāryamiśraiḥ prathamameva ājñaptaṃ) Śakuntalā (Bombay) 1; आर्यमिश्राः (āryamiśrāḥ) प्रमाणं (pramāṇaṃ) Mālavikāgnimitra (Bombay) 1
- virtuous, good, pious  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — वृत्त (vṛtta) a. virtuous, good, pious; Manusmṛti 9. 253; Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 14. 55. (
- the conduct of an Aryan or nobleman  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — त्तं (ttaṃ) ) the conduct of an Āryan or nobleman; Manusmṛti 4. 175
- observing the laws and ordinances of the Aryans or noblemen  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — व्रत (vrata) a. observing the laws and ordinances of the Āryans or noblemen. (
- the duty of an Aryan  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — तं (taṃ) ) the duty of an Āryan
- a noble or honourable man  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — श्वेतः (śvetaḥ) a noble or honourable man
- Noble, highly respectable  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 107-24 ] आर्य (ārya) (I) a. (f. र्या (ryā) ) Noble, high respectable, स्त्रीणामार्यस्वभावानाम् (strīṇāmāryasvabhāvānām) Ram. [ ID=5393 ]

### The Āryan People: Ethnic and Cultural Identity (13 definitions)
- An Aryan  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of the race which immigrated from Central Asia into Āryāvarta (opposed to अन् - आर्य (an-ārya), दस्यु (dasyu), दास (dāsa) ) [ ID=26535 ]
- Aryan, favourable to the Aryan people  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > आ (ā) र्य (ārya) mf( आ (ā) and आ (ā) री (ārī) )n. Āryan, favourable to the Āryan people, Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. [ ID=26544 ]
- Aryan  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0256-c ] आर्य (ārya) a. [ ऋ - ण्यत् (ṛ-ṇyat) ] 1 Āryan
- An Aryan, a member of the ancient Hindu and Iranian peoples.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 1 N. of the Hindu and Iranian people, as distinguished from अनार्य, दस्यु (anārya, dasyu) and दासः (dāsaḥ) विजानीह्यार्याव्ये च दरयवः (vijānīhyāryāvye ca darayavaḥ) Ṛgveda (Max Müller’s Edition) 1. 51. 8
- 1. Belonging to the faithful or of one's own tribe. 2. Honourable or noble. 3. An Aryan or man of the first three castes. 4. A man of worth. 5. Sir or friend when used in the vocative.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 042-1 ] आर्य (ārya) ā́rya, a. ( ā or ī ) belonging to the faithful, of oneʼs own tribe; honourable, noble; m. Āryan ( Vedic Indian ); man of the first three castes; man of worth: voc. sir, friend; ā, f.; Āryā verse; a metre; -ka, m. man of worth; N. of a king; -guṇa, m. noble quality; -gṛhya, a. siding with the noble; -cetas, a. nobleminded; -jana, m. Āryans, honourable people; -juṣṭa, pp. approved by the honourable; -tā, f., -tva, n. honourableness; -dāsī, f. N.; -duhitṛ, f. daughter of a noble ( honorific mode of addressing a female friend ); -deśa, m. district inhabited by Āryans; -deśya, a. coming from an Āryan district; -putra, m. son of an Āryan, honorific designation of 〈1〉 son of person addressed; 〈2〉 husband; 〈3〉 sovereign; -prāya, a. inhabited chiefly by Āryans; -buddhi, a. noble-minded; -bhaṭa, m. N. of two astronomers : ī-ya, n. work composed by Āryabhaṭa. [ ID=3841 ]
- 1. A member of the Aryan people. 2. A member of the first three Hindu castes. 3. A master. 4. A preceptor. 5. A friend. 6. A father-in-law. 7. A man faithful to his country's religion and customary law. 8. A man of high birth. 9. A person of noble and respectable character. 10. An honorific title used in drama.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) (II) m. 1. Name of the Hindu and the Iranian people as distinguished from अनार्य (anārya), दस्यु (dasyu), दास (dāsa) (the distinction is very clearly seen in the Vedic literature); 2. name of the first three castes as opposed to Śūdra; 3. a master; 4. a preceptor; 5. a friend; 6. a father-in-law (as in आर्य (ārya) पुत्र (āryaputra) ); 7. a man who is faithful to the religion and customary law of his country ( कर्तव्यमाचरन् कार्यमकर्तव्यमनाचरन् । तिष्ठति प्रकृताचारे स वा आर्य (ārya) इति स्मृतः (kartavyamācaran kāryamakartavyamanācaran. tiṣṭhati prakṛtācāre sa vā ārya iti smṛtaḥ) ); 8. a man of high birth; 9. a man of noble character; 10. a respectable man; 11. an honorific designation (in theatrical language). The following lines contain rules as to the use of this designation- (1) ( वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) ) विप्र आर्य (ārya) ेति चेतरैः (vipra āryeti cetaraiḥ), (2) वाच्यौ नटीसूत्रधारावार्यनाम्ना परस्परम् (vācyau naṭīsūtradhārāvāryanāmnā parasparam), (3) वयस्येत्युत्तमैर्वाच्यो मध्यैरार्येति चाग्रजः (vayasyetyuttamairvācyo madhyairāryeti cāgrajaḥ), (4) वक्तव्योऽमात्य आर्य (ārya) ेति चेतरैः (vaktavyo'mātya āryeti cetaraiḥ). [ ID=5394 ]
- 1. A member of the ancient immigrant Indian people or the three upper castes. 2. Respectable, venerable, or apposite.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0086-b ] आर्य (ārya) ārya. I. m., f. yā, 1. Origi- nally the name of the immigrated In- dian people in opposition to the old inhabitants. In later times, the name of the three upper castes in opposition to the fourth, Yājñ. 2, 294; or to bar- Page0087-a+ 42 barians, MBh. 14, 2137. II. fem. yā, The name of a metre. Rājat. 5. 35. III. adj., f. yā. 1. Respectable, venerable, Man. 8, 75; Daśak. in Chr. 186, 17. 2. Apposite, Rām 2, 115, 6. — Comp. An-, adj. and subst. 1. A barbarian, Man. 9, 260. 2. Unworthy, Rām. 3, 51, 25. 3. Inhabited by barbarians, Śāk. C. 139, 7. [ ID=1693 ]
- 1. Belonging to one's own race, Aryan, noble, or honorable. 2. An honorable person, especially of the first three castes, or a senior relative such as a grandfather, great-grandfather, or elder brother. 3. A mother or an elder brother's wife. 4. A term of reverential address meaning your honor. 5. A particular poetic metre.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > आ (ā) र्य (ārya) [Printed book page 066 ] आ (ā) र्य (ārya) ( f. आ (ā) & आ (ā) री (ārī) ) belonging to the faithful Page67 or loyal, to one's own race, i.e. Aryan, noble, reverend, honourable. m. ( f. आ (ā) ) an Aryan, a honourable man, esp. one of the first three castes; also one's senior, i.e. grandfather, great-grandfather, or elder brother. f. आ (ā) mother (also pl. ) or wife of the elder brother; voc. m. & f. often in reverential address = your honour. f. आ (ā) also N. of a metre. [ ID=4556 ]
- 1. An Aryan, a man of one's own tribe or the Vedic Indian tribes. 2. Noble. 3. Reverend.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 126-b ] ā́rya, a. belonging to the faithful, i. e., as m., man of one's own tribe, an Aryan, as designation of a man of the Vedic Indian tribes; as adj. Aryan; noble; reverend (used in respectful address). [ aryá, 1208f : cf. Avestan airya, ‘Aryan’; New Persian, īrān, ‘Persia’; Hdt. vii. 62, οἱ Μῆδοι ἐκα- Page127-a+ 50 λέοντο πάλαι Ἄριοι; Keltic nom. eriu, acc. erinn, name of Ireland; Eng. Ir-ish: cf. arí, aryá. ] [ ID=655 ]
- 1. A loyal or respectable person, a member of the Hindu and Iranian peoples, or of the first three castes. 2. A master, owner, friend, or Vaisya. 3. Buddha, or a follower of the four chief principles of Buddhism. 4. An honorable, noble, excellent, or wise person. 5. A name of Parvati. 6. A specific poetic meter.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 0129-b ] आर्य (ārya) ārya, as, ā, m. f. (fr. arya, rt. ṛ ), a loyal or faithful man, a man of one's own race; one who is faithful to the deities of his country; N. of the Hindū and Iranian people (opposed to an-ārya, dasyu, dāsa ); in later times N. of the first three castes (opposed to śūdra ); a man highly esteemed, a respectable, honourable man; a master, an owner; a friend; a Vaiśya; Buddha; (with Buddhists) a man who has thought on the four chief principles of Buddhism and lives according to them; a son of Manu Sāvarṇa; Page0129-c+ 79 ( as, ā, or ī, am ), Āryan, favourable to the Āryan people; behaving like an Āryan, worthy of one, honourable, respectable, noble; of a good family; excellent; wise; suitable; ( ā ), f. a name of Pārvatī; a kind of metre of two lines, each, line consisting of seven and a half feet; each foot containing four in- stants, except the sixth of the second line, which con- tains only one, and is therefore a single short syllable; hence there are thirty instants in the first line and twenty-seven in the second; [with ārya cf. the Old Germ. êra and Mod. Germ. Ehre.] —Ārya-gṛhya, as, ā, am, easily to be got by honourable men, to be received with honour by noble men; decorous, respectable, right. —Ārya-tā, f. or ārya-tva, am, n. honourable behaviour. —Ārya-deva, as, m., N. of a pupil of Nāgārjuna. —Ārya-deśa, as, m. a region inhabited by Āryans or followers of the Āryan laws. —Āryadeśya, as, ā, am, originating from such a region. —Ārya-putra, as, m. son of an Āryan or honourable man; the son of a spiritual preceptor; honorific designation of the son of an elder brother; of a husband by his wife; of a prince by a general; a husband (in theatrical language). —Ārya-prāya, as, ā, am, inhabited by Āryan people; abound- ing with respectable persons. —Ārya-bhaṭṭa, as, m., N. of a renowned astronomer, the inventor of algebra, among the Hindūs. —Ārya-bhāva, as, m. honourable character or behaviour. —Ārya- mārga, as, m. the way of the honourable, the respectable way. —Ārya-miśra, ās, m. pl. an as- sembly of respectable or honourable men; ( as, ā, am ), distinguished, respectable; ( as ), m. a gentleman, a man of consequence. —Ārya-yuvan, ā, m. an Āryan youth. —Ārya-rāja, as, m., N. of a king. —Ārya- rūpa, as, ā, am, one who has only the form of an Āryan; a hypocrite, an impostor. —Āryaliṅgin, ī, inī, i, one who bears the external semblance of an Āryan or honourable man, an impostor. —Ārya-varman, ā, m., N. of a king. —Ārya-vṛtta, am, n. the behaviour of an Āryan or noble man; ( as, ā, am ), behaving like an Āryan; virtuous, good, pious. —Ārya-veśa, as, ā, am, dressed like an Āryan, well clothed, fine. —Ārya-vrata, as, ā, am, one who observes the laws and ordinances of the Āryans or honourable men. —Ārya-saṅgha, as, m. the whole body of the Āryans, the collective body of noblemen; N. of a renowned philosopher, founder of the school of the Yogākāras. —Ārya-satya, am, n. a noble or sublime truth; four such truths form the four chief principles of Buddhism. —Ārya-siṃha, as, m., N. of a Buddhist patriarch. —Ārya-hṛdya, as, ā, am, beloved by the noble. —Āryā-gīti, is, f. a variety of the Āryā metre, containing eight equal feet or thirty-two syllabic in- stants in each verse of the couplet. —Āryāvarta (°ya- āv°), as, m. abode of the noble or excellent; the sacred land or place of residence of the Āryans; N. of the land extending from the eastern to the western sea, and bounded on the north and south by the Himālaya and Vindhya mountains. —Āryā-vilāsa, as, m. title of a work. —Āryāṣṭaśata (°ya-aṣṭa- śa°), am, n. title of a work of Ārya-bhaṭṭa's, consisting of eight hundred distichs. [ ID=9216 ]
- opposite of Mleccha  
  *The Purana Index*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 1-172 ] Ārya (I) — opposite of Mleccha. Vā. 45. 93; 47. 49; 99. 404. [ ID=1387 ]
- A collective name for the sons of Angiras.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Ārya (II) — collective name of Aṅgiras' sons 1 as oppo- sed to Mleccha. 2 Their country was Bhāratavarṣa; side by side with Mleccha in Kaliyuga. 3 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. IX. 4. 2; Br. II. 16. 24.] [ Footnote: 2) M. 227. 198; 114. 20.] [ Footnote: 3) M. 121. 46-51; 273. 25; 274. 37.] [ ID=1388 ]
- A member of the three upper Vedic classes, specifically the Brahmana, Kshatriya, or Vaishya.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > आर्य (ārya) [Printed book page 1-064 ] Ārya is the normal designation in the Vedic literature from the Rigveda 1 onwards of an Āryan, a member of the three upper classes, Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, or Vaiśya, as the formal division is given in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa. 2 The Ārya stands in opposition to the Dāsa, 3 but also to the Śūdra. Sometimes 4 the expression is restricted to the Vaiśya caste, Page1-065+ 56 the Brāhmaṇa and the Kṣatriya receiving special designations; but this use is not common, and it is often uncertain also whether Arya is not meant. The phrase Śūdrāryau 5 is espe- cially ambiguous, but appears to have denoted originally the Śūdra and the Āryan, for in the Mahāvrata ceremony the fight between a Śūdra and an Ārya is represented in the Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa as one between a Brāhmaṇa and a Śūdra, though the Sūtra treats it as a fight between a Vaiśya and a Śūdra. The word Ārya (fem. Āryā or Ārī) also occurs frequently used as an adjective to describe the Āryan classes ( viśaḥ ), 6 or name ( nāman ), 7 or caste ( varṇa ), 8 or dwellings ( dhāman ); 9 or again reference is made to the Āryan supremacy ( vrata ) 10 being extended over the land. Āryan foes ( vṛtra ) 11 are referred to beside Dāsa foes, and there are many 12 references to war of Āryan versus Āryan, as well as to war of Āryan against Dāsa. From this it can be fairly deduced that even by the time of the Rigveda the Āryan communities had advanced far beyond the stage of simple conquest of the aborigines. In the later Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas the wars alluded to seem mainly Āryan wars, no doubt in consequence of the fusion of Ārya and Dāsa into one community. Weber 13 considers that the five peoples known to the Rigveda were the Āryans and the four peoples of the quarters ( diś ) of the earth, but this is doubtful. Āryan speech ( vāc ) 14 is specially referred to in the Aitareya and Śāṅkhāyana Āraṇyakas. [ Footnote: 1) Rv. i. 51, 8; 130, 8; 156, 5, etc.] [ Footnote: 2) iv. 1, 6 (Kāṇva recension).] [ Footnote: 3) Rv. i. 51, 8. 9; 103, 3; vi. 20, 10; 25, 2, 3, etc. (opposed to Dāsa); Av. iv. 20, 4. 8; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā, iv. 6, 6; Vājasaneyi Saṃhitā, xiv. 30, etc. (opposed to Sūdra).] [ Footnote: 4) Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, 205, 215, finds this use — understanding Ārya as meant — in Atharvaveda, xix. 32, 8, and 62, 1, as well as in passages where Śūdrāryau is found. Lanman, in Whitney's Translation of the Athar- vaveda, 948, 1003, quotes his view with approval; but Whitney's version leaves no doubt that he read and understood the text as Ārya, the Āryan, not the Vaiśya. For Whitney's view, Av. iv. 20, 4. 8 may be cited; and so Roth, St. Petersburg Dictionary, s.v., takes the passages. In Taittirīya Saṃhitā, iv. 3, 10, 8, Śūdrāryau must mean Sūdra and Vaiśya; but the Padapāṭha takes it as Arya, and so does Zimmer.] [ Footnote: 5) See Taittirīya Saṃhitā, vii. 5, 9, 3, with Kātyāyana Śrauta Sūtra, xiii. 3, 7. 8; Kāṭhaka Saṃhitā, xxxiv. 5; Pañcaviṃśa Brāhmaṇa, v. 5, 17; Tait- tirīya Brāhmaṇa, i. 2, 6, 7; Lāṭyāyana Sūtra, iv. 2, 5; Śāṅkhāyana Śrauta Sūtra, xvii. 6, 2; Anupada Sūtra, vii. 10.] [ Footnote: 6) Rv. i. 77, 3; 96, 31; x. 11, 4; 43, 4, etc.] [ Footnote: 7) Rv. x; 49, 3.] [ Footnote: 8) Rv. iii. 34, 9. Cf. Varṇa. ] [ Footnote: 9) Rv. ix. 63, 14.] [ Footnote: 10) Rv. x. 65, 11. So Agni and Indra are styled Āryan, as supporters of the Āryan people (Rv. vi. 60, 6).] [ Footnote: 11) Rv. vi. 33, 3; vii. 83, 1; x. 69, 6.] [ Footnote: 12) Rv. i. 102, 5; iii. 32, 14; vi. 22, 10; 25, 2. 3; viii. 2, 4. 27; x. 38, 3; 83, 1; 102, 3, etc.] [ Footnote: 13) Indische Studien, 17, 288. Cf. Roth, St. Petersburg Dictionary, s.v. kṛṣṭi, and Pañca Janāsaḥ. ] [ Footnote: 14) Aitareya Āraṇyaka, iii. 2, 5; Śāṅkhāyana Āraṇyaka, viii. 9. Cf. Keith, Aitareya Āraṇyaka, 196, 255; and Vāc. Cf. Ludwig, Translation of the Rig- veda, 3, 207 et seq.; Zimmer, Altin- disches Leben, 214 et seq. ] [ ID=265 ]

### Social Roles and Relationships (7 definitions)
- a master, an owner  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a master, an owner, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=26538 ]
- a friend  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a friend, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=26539 ]
- A master, owner.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 7 A master, owner
- A preceptor  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 8 A preceptor
- A friend  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 9 A friend
- A father-in-law  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 11 A father-in-law (as in आर्यपुंत्र (āryapuṃtra) )
- A mother-in-law  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्या (ryā) 2 A mother-in-law

### Proper Names (Individuals, Deities, Works) (5 definitions)
- a son of Manu Savarna  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a son of Manu Sāvarṇa, Harivaṃśa (Title) [ ID=26543 ]
- a name of Parvati  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 152,2] आर्या (āryā) f. a name of Pārvatī, Harivaṃśa (Title) [ ID=26550 ]
- a name of a stotra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 1320,1] (also) N. of a Stotra &c. [ ID=26551.1 ]
- A son of Manu Savarna.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 14 A son of Manu Sāvarṇa
- Name of Parvati  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्या (ryā) 1 N. of Pārvatī

### Religious Adherence: Buddhist and Jain Contexts (4 definitions)
- Buddha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Buddha [ ID=26541 ]
- a person who practices the four chief truths of Buddhism, or a Buddhist priest  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (with Buddhists [ Pāli ayyo, or ariyo ]) a man who has thought on the four chief truths of Buddhism (see next col. ) and lives accordingly, a Buddhist priest [ ID=26542 ]
- A Buddha  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 12 A Buddha
- A follower of Buddhism who lives according to its four chief principles  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 13 (With the Buddhists) A man who has thought on the four chief principles of Buddhism and lives according to them

### Social Hierarchy: Caste and Class (4 definitions)
- a member of the first three social castes  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > in later times N. of the first three castes (opposed to शूद्र (śūdra) ), Ṛg-veda (Title); Atharva-veda (Title); Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā (Title); Mahābhārata (Title); Yājñavalkya (Author); Pañcatantra (Title) &c. [ ID=26536 ]
- a Vaishya  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a Vaiśya, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=26540 ]
- an Aryan belonging to one of the first three castes  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 3 N. of the first three castes (as opp. to शूद्र (śūdra) )
- A Vaishya  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्यः (ryaḥ) 10 ( pb ) A Vaiśya

### Poetic Metre (Āryā Metre) (2 definitions)
- a kind of metre of two lines  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of metre of two lines (each line consisting of seven and a half feet; each foot containing four instants, except the sixth of the second line, which contains only one, and is therefore a single short syllable; hence there are thirty instants in the first line and twenty-seven in the second); [ ID=26551 ]
- Name of a metre  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — र्या (ryā) 4 N. of a metre, see Appendix

### Cross-Reference (1 definition)
- See Malya.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > [Printed book page 1-066 ] Ārya. See Mālya. [ ID=266 ]

### Linguistic Origin and Cognates (1 definition)
- Not found  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1E) [Printed book page 152,2] आर्य (ārya) [ cf. Old Germ. êra; Mod. Germ. Ehre; Irish Erin.] [ ID=26551.05 ]

### Specific Adverbial Meaning (1 definition)
- forcibly  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — हलं (halaṃ) ind. [ cf. Pāṇini’s Aṣṭādhyāyī I. 1. 47 ] forcibly

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546