# असुर (asura)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/asura

असुर (asura) is a Sanskrit word meaning spiritual, incorporeal, divine, a spirit or supreme spirit, the chief of the evil spirits, an evil spirit, demon, ghost, or opponent of the gods, an epithet of Rahu, the sun. Its 53 recorded definitions are grouped into 18 contexts, among them Asura-related Compounds and Derived Terms, Comprehensive Lexicographical Entries, Divine or Spiritual Being (Early Sense).

- **Roots:** 2. अस् (2. as), 1. अस् (1. as)
- **SLP1:** `asura`  **IAST:** asura  **Devanagari:** असुर
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asura
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/asura/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** आसुर (āsura), असूर (asūra), असुरा (asurā)

## Meanings by context

### Asura-related Compounds and Derived Terms (7 definitions)
- a teacher or spiritual preceptor  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — आचार्यः (ācāryaḥ)
- 1. The preceptor of the Asuras, Shukracharya. 2. The planet Venus.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — गुरुः (guruḥ) 1 N. of the preceptor of the Asuras, Śukrācārya. 2 the planet Venus
- decaying or destruction  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — क्षयण (kṣayaṇa)
- destroying the Asuras  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — क्षिति (kṣiti) a. destroying the Asuras
- an enemy of the Asuras, a god  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — द्विष् (dviṣ) m. an enemy of the Asuras, i. e. a god
- the Asuras and Rakshasas  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रक्षस् (rakṣas) n. ( pl. ) the Asuras and Rākshasas. (
- a demoniacal being partaking of the qualities of both classes  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — सं (saṃ) ) a demoniacal being partaking of the qualities of both the classes

### Comprehensive Lexicographical Entries (6 definitions)
- 1. A demon. 2. The sun. 3. Night. 4. A zodiacal sign. 5. A prostitute. 6. Black mustard. 7. The wife of a demon.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अ (a) सुर (sura) (asura) [Printed book page 096 ] अ (a) सुर (sura) (asura) mf. ( - रः (-raḥ)- रा (-rā) (-raḥ-rā) ) An Asura or demon: the Asuras are children of DITI by KAŚYAPA; they are demons of the first order, and in perpetual hostility with the gods. m. ( - रः (-raḥ) ) The sun. f. ( - रा (-rā) ) 1 Night. 2 A zodiacal sign. 3 A prostitute. f. ( - री (-rī) ) 1 Black mustard, ( Sinapis ramosa.) 2 The wife of an Asura. E. अ (a) neg. and सुर (sura) a deity; or अ (a) स् (as) to send, to cast, &c. and उरन् (uran) Uṇādi affix, टाप् (ṭāp) and ङीप् (ṅīp) for the fem.; or अ (a) neg. and सुर (sura) ा (surā) spirituous liquor, personified as a damsel produced at the churning of the ocean, who was rejected by the demons and received by the gods. Page97 [ ID=4642 ]
- 1. A demon or the sun. 2. Night or a prostitute. 3. Black mustard or the wife of a demon.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 076-a ] अ - सुर (a-sura) ( रः ) ((raḥ)) 1. m. A demon; the sun. ( रा (rā) ) f. Night; a prostitute. ( री (rī) ) Black mustard; wife of a demon or Asur. [ ID=4020 ]
- 1. An evil spirit or demon. 2. The sun. 3. An elephant.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 087-21 ] असुर (asura) m. 1. An evil spirit, a demon; (the word is thus derived in the following stanza- सुराप्रतिग्रहाद्देवाः सुरा इत्यभिविश्रुताः । अप्रतिग्रहणात्तस्या दैतेयाश्चासुरास्तथा ॥ (surāpratigrahāddevāḥ surā ityabhiviśrutāḥ. apratigrahaṇāttasyā daiteyāścāsurāstathā..) ), R. iii.54; 2. the sun; 3. an elephant. [ ID=4452 ]
- 1. A demon. 2. The sun. 3. Night. 4. A zodiacal sign. 5. A prostitute. 6. Black mustard. 7. The wife of an Asura.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > अ (a) सुर (asura) [Printed book page 079-b ] अ (a) सुर (asura) mf. ( - रः (-raḥ)- रा (-rā) (-raḥ-rā) ) An Asura or demon: the Asuras are children of DITI by KASYAPA; they are demons of the first order, and in perpetual hostility with the gods. m. ( - रः (-raḥ) ) The sun. f. ( - रा (-rā) ) 1. Night. 2. A zodiacal sign. 3. A prostitute. f. ( - री (-rī) ) 1. Black mustard, (Sinapis ramosa.) 2. The wife of an Asura. E. अ (a) neg. and मुर (mura) a deity; or अ (a) स् (as) to send, to cast, &c. and उरन् (uran) Unādi affix, टाप् (ṭāp) and ङीप् (ṅīp) for the fem. or अ (a) neg. and सुरा (surā) spirituous liquor, personified as a damsel produced at the churning of the ocean, who was rejected by the demons and received by the gods. [ ID=4640 ]
- 1. Eternal. 2. A demon. 3. A female demon.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 0065-a ] असुर (asura) asura, i. e. 1. as + ura, I. adj. Page0065-b+ 43 Eternal, Chr. 290, 2 = Rigv. i. 64, 2. II. m. An Asura, or demon, Kir. 5, 30. III. f. rī, A female Asura, or demon, MBh. 3, 12203. — Comp. Deva-, I. m. pl. the gods and the demons, Rām. 1, 45, 27. II. adj. 1. referring to the gods and the demons, Rām. 1, 34, 8 Gorr. 2. n. elliptically (supply yuddha ), the war between the gods and the demons, Rām. 3, 53, 8. [ ID=1296 ]
- 1. Living, spiritual, or divine. 2. A demon, evil spirit, or chief of the Asuras. 3. The sun. 4. Rahu. 5. An elephant.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 0106-a ] Asura, as, ā, am, Ved. living, alive, spiritual; an epithet of the supreme spirit; Varuṇa; incorporeal, super- human, divine; ( as ), m. spirit; an incorporeal being of an evil kind; an evil spirit, a demon; a ghost or spectre; a general name for the chief of the Asuras [these Asuras are often regarded as the children of Diti by Kaśyapa, see daitya; as such they are demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods, and must not be confounded with the Rākṣasas or imps who animate dead bodies and disturb sacrifices]; the sun; Rāhu; an elephant; N. of a warrior-tribe; (according to Sāy.) a cloud ?; ( ā ), f. night; a zodiacal sign; a prostitute; ( ī ), f. a female demon, the wife of an Asura; N. of the plant Sinapis Racemosa Roxb. [Observe, in later San- skṛt, sura has been formed from asura, as sita from asita, q. v.] —Asura-kumāra, ās, m. pl. a class of deities belonging to the Bhavanādhīśas. —Asura-kṣayaṇa, as, ā, am, or asura-kṣiti, is, is, i, Ved. destroying the Asuras. —Asura-tva, am, n., Ved. spirituality, supernatural or divine dig- nity. —Asura-māyā, f., Ved. demoniacal magic. —Asura-rakṣasa, āni, n. pl., Ved. the Asuras and Rākṣasas; ( am ), n. sing. a demoniacal being, partaking of the qualities of both the classes of evil spirits. —Asura-rāj, ṭ, m. king of the Asuras, Page0106-b+ 69 epithet of the Asura Baka. —Asura-ripu, us, m. enemy of the Asuras, epithet of Viṣṇu. —Asura- sūdana, as, m. destroyer of the Asuras, epithet of Viṣṇu. —Asura-han, ā, ghnī, a, Ved. destroying the Asuras, epithet of Agni, Indra, &c. —Asurā- cārya (°ra-āc°), as, m. teacher of the Asuras; epithet of the regent of the planet Venus. —Asurā- dhipa (°ra-adh°), as, m. lord of the Asuras; N. of Bali Vairocani and of Māyādhara. —Asurāhva (°ra- āh°), am, n. bell-metal, named after an Asura. [ ID=7555 ]

### Divine or Spiritual Being (Early Sense) (6 definitions)
- spiritual, incorporeal, divine  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 121,1] असुर (asura) a mfn. (√ 2. अस् (as), Uṇādi-sūtra (Title) ), spiritual, incorporeal, divine, Ṛg-veda (Title); Atharva-veda (Title); Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā (Title) [ ID=21047 ]
- a spirit or supreme spirit  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > असुर (asura) m. a spirit, good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuṇa), Ṛg-veda (Title); Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā (Title) [ ID=21048 ]
- Living, alive, spiritual  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 0214-a ] असुर (asura) a. [ असु - र (asu-ra) Uṇādisūtras 1. 42 ] 1 Living, alive, spiritual
- An epithet of the Supreme Spirit or Varuna.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 0214-a ] असुर (asura) a. [ असु - र (asu-ra) Uṇādisūtras 1. 42 ] 2 An epithet of the Supreme Spirit or Varuṇa
- Incorporeal, superhuman, divine  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 0214-a ] असुर (asura) a. [ असु - र (asu-ra) Uṇādisūtras 1. 42 ] 3 Incorporeal, superhuman, divine
- a deity personified  
  *The Purana Index*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 1-137 ] Asura — a deity personified; to be worshipped in house- buildings. M. 253. 26; 268. 16. [ ID=1083 ]

### Demonic Being or Evil Spirit (Later Sense) (5 definitions)
- the chief of the evil spirits  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the chief of the evil spirits, Ṛg-veda (Title) ii, 30, 4 and vii, 99, 5 [ ID=21049 ]
- an evil spirit, demon, ghost, or opponent of the gods  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods, Ṛg-veda (Title) viii, 96, 9 [ ID=21050 ]
- demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > x; Atharva-veda (Title) &c. [these Asuras are often regarded as the children of Diti by Kaśyapa See दैत्य (daitya); as such they are demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods, and must not be confounded with the Rākṣasas or imps who animate dead bodies and disturb sacrifices] [ ID=21051 ]
- An enemy of the gods, specifically a Daitya or Danava, distinct from a Rakshasa.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 2 A general name for the enemies of gods, Daityas and Dānavas, distinguished from Rākṣasas descended from Pulastya
- A ghost or spectre.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 3 A ghost or spectre

### Evolution of Meaning (From Divine to Demonic) (4 definitions)
- An evil spirit or demon  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 1 An evil spirit, a demon; the Rām. thus accounts for the name:- सुराप्रतिग्रहाद्देवाः सुरा (surāpratigrahāddevāḥ surā) इत्यभिविश्रुताः । अप्रतिग्रहणात्तस्या (ityabhiviśrutāḥ. apratigrahaṇāttasyā) दैतेयाश्चासुरास्तथा (daiteyāścāsurāstathā) [In the oldest parts of the Ṛgveda the term asura is used for the Supreme spirit and in the sense of ‘god’, ‘divine’; it was applied to several of the chief deities such as Indra, Agni, and Varuṇa. It afterwards acquired an entirely opposite meaning, and came to signify a demon or an enemy of the gods. The Brāhmaṇas state that Prajāpati created asuras with the breath ( asu ); particularly from the lower breath. The Vāyu P. says that Asuras were first produced as sons from Prajāpati's groin; cf. also Nir. above]
- 1. Living, spiritual, or divine. 2. A spirit, Lord God, evil spirit, demon, or Asura.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 035-1 ] असुर (asura) ásu-ra, a. living, spiritual, divine; m. spirit, Lord God; evil spirit, demon, Asura: -tvá, n. spirituality, divinity; state of an Asura. [ ID=3207 ]
- 1. Spiritual or divine. 2. A spirit or demon.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > असुर (sura) (asura) [Printed book page 055 ] असुर (sura) (asura) a. spiritual, divine. m. spirit, esp. the highest spirit, later a bad spirit, demon f. ई (ī) † ( opp. सुर (sura) a god). [ ID=3782 ]
- 1. Spiritual. 2. A spirit of life or a god. 3. A demon or enemy of the gods.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 123-b ] ásura, —1. a. spiritual (used of the gods, and designating esp. the difference between celestial and mundane existence); —2. as m. a spirit of life, a god; ásura adevá, spirit that is no god, demon, 82 6; —3. later, demon ( 45 6 ), enemy of the gods, an Asura, a not-god (as if the word were a-sura —whence, by popular etymology, the pendant sura, ‘god’). [ asura, 1226 ( cf. 1188f ), and as-u fr. √1as, 1178b.] [ ID=519 ]

### Etymological or Linguistic Notes (3 definitions)
- a demon, evil spirit, or enemy of the gods  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2E) [Printed book page 121,1] असुर (sura) (asura) [In later Sanskṛt सुर (sura) has been formed from असुर (sura) (asura), as सित (sita) from असित (sita) (asita), q.v. ] [ ID=21060.1 ]
- See asu.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 121,2] असु (asu) र (asura) b See असु (asu). [ ID=21117 ]
- See under asu.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > [Printed book page 0106-b ] असुर (asura) asura. See under asu. [ ID=7571 ]

### Narrative, Puranic, and Epic Accounts (3 definitions)
- the enemies of the gods  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > असुर (asura) [Printed book page 096-1 ] Asura 1, pl. ( °āḥ ), the enemies of the gods; I, 163, 855.— § 28 (Amṛtam.): I, 17—19, 1110, 1125 ( °Dānavāḥ ), 1129 ( surā°gaṇān ), 1130 ( surā° ), 1168, 1170, 1172 ( mahā° ), 1181 ( °gaṇān ), 1182, 1185 ( °gaṇa° ), 1186 ( mahā° ): participated with the gods in the churning of the Ocean, would possess themselves of the ambrosia, but were vanquished.—§ 30 (Samudra): I, 21, 1211, 1219 (the Ocean is called the “abode of the Asuras”: Asurāṇāṃ ca bāndhavam, i.e. śaraṇaṃ, Nīl., I, 21, 7).—§ 31 (Samudradarś.): I, 22, 1231 ( Pātālajvalanāvāsam A°āṇāṃ tathālayaṃ ).—§ 32 (Kadrū, Garuḍa): I, 23, 1245 ( °ārdanāḥ, i.e. the gods).—§ 44 (Garuḍa): I, 30, 1418 ( saṅgrāme devāsure ), 1434 ( °pura- vidāraṇāḥ surāḥ ).—§ 49 (Vāsuki): I, 39, 1643 ( devāsurāḥ ). —§ 84 (Ādivaṃś.): I, 64, 2481 ( jajñire kṣetre rājñān tu ), 2483 ( jajñire bhuvi bhūteṣu teṣu teṣv Asurā, vibho! ), 2491 ( mahā° ), 2498 ( surā°-lokānāṃ ).—§ 96 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 65, 2541 ( Danāyuṣaḥ punaḥ putrāś catvāro 'surapuṅgavāḥ ).— § 98 (do.): I, 65, 2544 ( Asurāṇāṃ upādhyāyaḥ Śukras tv ṛṣisuto 'bhavat|khyātāś śośanasaḥ putrāś catvāro 'sura-yājakāḥ ), 2546.—§ 118 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 66, 2598 ( Kaśyapasya Surā- surāḥ ).—§ 130 (Aṃśāv.): I, 67, 2647 ( pañcamahā° ), 2655 ( Tuhuṇḍa ita vikhyāto…Asurottamaḥ, incarnated as king Bṛhadratha), 2656 ( teṣāṃ ), 2666 ( teṣāṃ ), 2694 (v. Sūrya 2 ).—§ 131 (do.): I, 67, 2781 ( devā°manuṣyāṇāṃ ). —§ 145 (Kaca): I, 76, 3187, 3191, 3200 ( °endrapure Śukraṃ dṛṣṭvā ), 3219, 3225, 3233, 3238; 77, 3265.—§ 146 (Devayānī): I, 78, 3304 ( °mandiraṃ ); 80, 3340, 3342 ( °endrāṇāṃ ); 81, 3367 ( °guruḥ Śukro ), 3369 ( °endrasutā, i.e. Śarmiṣṭhā).—§ 147 (do.): I, 83, 3442 ( °dharmaṃ ).— § 165 (Satyavatīl.): I, 100, 4002, 4047 ( yasya hi tvaṃ sapatnaḥ syā Gandharvasyāsurasya vā ).—§ 166 (Citrāṅgadop.): I, 101, 4073.—§ 167 (Vicitravīryop.): I, 102, 4104 (adject.: devāsura ).—§ 175 (Karṇasambhav.): I, 111, 4410. —§ 215 (Bakavadhap.): I, 160, 6208 ( Asurarāṭ = Baka).— § 233 (Svayaṃvarap.): I, 187, †7017.—§ 257 (Khāṇḍa- vadahanap.): I, 225, 8202 ( surā° ).—§ 258 (do.): I, 227, 8256, 8262 ( Asurasūdanaḥ = Indra).—§ 264 (Sabhākriyāp.): II, 4, 118 ( yathā°ān Kālakeyān ).—§ 265 (Lokapāla- sabhākhy°): II, 5, 141 ( Surā°ān ).—§ 277 (Jarāsandha- vadhap.): II, 22, 872.—§ 298 (Dyūtap.): II, 62, 2105 ( mahā° ).—§ 310 (Āraṇyakap.): III, 3, †159.—§ 317 (Arjunābhigamanap.): III, 12, 487.—§ 320 (Saubha- vadhop.): III, 20, 799.—§ 327 (Draupadīparitāpav.): III, 31, 1188; 33, 1323, 1349 ( Asurān iva Vṛtrahā ).— § 331 (Kairātap.): III, 39, 1590 (sg.), 1626 ( sadevā°mānu- ṣaiḥ ).—§ 334 (do.): III, 41, 1703 ( Mahā° ).—§ 339 (Indralokābhigamanap.): III, 47, 1893 ( kecin Nivātaka- vacāḥ ), 1899.—§ 378 (Tīrthay.): III, 94, 8492 ( dharman tatyajire ), 8493 ( tīrthāni nāviśan ), 8496 ( Alakṣmīr agamad A°ān ).—§ 387 (Sagara): III, 107, 8873 ( A°oraga- rakṣāṃsi ).—§ 405 (Sukanyop.): III, 124, 10390 ( surā°aiḥ ). —§ 418 (Tīrthay.): III, 139, 10834 ( devā°ebhyaḥ ).—§ 436 (Yakṣay.): III, 158, 11530 ( surā°niṣevitaṃ ).—§ 444 (Nivātakav.): III, 170, 12112, 12116, 12121 ( mahā° ); 171, 12157 ( °ottamāh ); 172, 12182 ( °saṅgheṣu ).—§ 445 (do.): III, 173, 12201, 12206 ( maharṣi-Yakṣa-Gandharva- Pannagā°-Rākṣasaiḥ ), 12209 ( Kālakeyaiś ca Paulomaiś ca mahā° ), 12228, 12257 ( surā°air ), 12264 ( mahā° ), 12269 ( atidevā°karmā ), 12272 ( sa-Yakṣā°-Gandharvaiḥ ).—§ 452 (Mārkaṇḍeyas.): III, 183, †12569 ( °tarjanena Dhanañjayena ). —§ 457 (Vaivasvatop.): III, 187, 12798 ( sa-devā°-mānuṣāḥ prajāḥ ).—§ 458 (Mārkaṇḍeyas.): III, 188, 12817 ( devā°gaṇe ), 12877 ( sa-devā°-D° ).—§ 459 (do.): III, 188, 12891 ( devā°- Page096-b+ 63 gaṇe ); 189, 12995 ( surā°aiḥ ).—§ 462 (do.): III, 193, 13216 ( devā°saṅgrāmaṃ ).—§ 471 (do.): III, 200, 13427 ( Vajrapāṇir iv Āsurān ).—§ 474 (Dhundhumārop.): III, 201, 13494 ( sasurā°-mānavāḥ prajāḥ ), 13498 ( devā°-mahoragāḥ ), 13502.—§ 495 (Skandotp.): III, 223, 14243 ( devā°āḥ ); 224, 14262 ( surā°-namaskṛtaḥ ).—§ 496 (do.): III, 224, 14268 ( devā°ṃ saṅgrāmaṃ ).—§ 507 (Skandayuddha): III, 231, 14580, 14585 ( mahā° ).—§ 509 (Kārttikeyastava): III, 232, 14640 ( tvaṃ bhāvanaḥ sarva-surā°āṇāṃ, i.e. Skanda).—§ 513 (Ghoṣayātr.): III, 252, 15165 ( Bhīṣma- Droṇa-Kṛpādīṃś ca pravekṣyanty apare 'surāḥ ).—§ 516 (Duryodhanayajña): III, 257, 15341 ( °vrataṃ, i.e. surara- hitaṃ vrataṃ, Nīl.).—§ 526 (Rāmopakhyānap.): III, 275, 15913 ( Gandharva-devā°to ); 276, 15932 ( devā°aiḥ ).— § 537 (do.): III, 285, 16374 ( devā° = the war between the gods and the Asuras).—§ 543 (do.): III, 291, 16578 ( mānuṣā°-bhoginaṃ ), 16579 ( sadevā°-G° ).—§ 544 (do.): III, 292, 16604 ( surā° )—§ 548 (Āraṇeyap.): III, 313, 17319.—§ 549. (Pāṇḍavapr.). IV, 6, 180.—§ 550 (Samayapāl.): IV, 13, 340 ( Kālakhañjā ivā°āḥ ).—§ 552 (Goharaṇap.): IV, 32, 1040 ( devā°samo ); 35, 1167 ( Vajrapāṇir ivāsurān ); 39, 1295 ( sarvair api surā°aiḥ ); 50, 1571; 59, 1902 ( devā°saṃaḥ sannipāto ); 61, 1981 ( Vajrapāṇir ivā°ān ).—§ 555 (Indra): V, 10, 292 ( sa-devā°- mānuṣaṃ tribhuvanaṃ ), 309 (= do.); 12, 369 ( jagad sāsura-G° ); 15, 459.—§ 558 (Virocana): V, 35, 1199.— § 560 (Sanatsujātap.): V, 42, †1580 ( pramādād vai parā- bhavan ).—§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 48, †1887; 49, 1925, 1927 ( devā°e yuddhe ), 1936 ( surā° ); 61, 2395 ( devā°- bhāvānāṃ ), 2401.—§ 562 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 74, 2728; 78, 2808.—§ 564 (do.): V, 100, 3571 ( A° Kālakhañjāś ca tathā Viṣṇupadodbhavāḥ, etc.); 102, 3612 ( devair A°- saṃhitaiḥ ); 104, 3645 ( devā°eṣu yuddheṣu ).—§ 565 (Gālavacarita): V, 107, 3756 ( sarvān surā°ān ); 108, 3776; 115, 3928; 116, 3940 ( bahu-devā°-ālokā ).—§ 567 (Bhaga- vadyānap.): V, 124, 4172 ( sarvair api surā°aiḥ ), 4175 ( sa-Yakṣā°-pannagān ); 128, 4301, 4302 ( devā°-manuṣyāś ca ); 130, 4401, 4407 ( mahā° ).—§ 570 (Sainyaniryānap.): V, 156, 5297 ( sa-surā°-Rākṣasaṃ jagat ).—§ 572 (Rathā- tirath.): V, 165, 5725 ( devāsureṣv api ).—§ 573 (Ambop.): V, 178, 7031 ( jahi Bhīṣmaṃ raṇe Rāma garjantam A°ṃ yathā ); 184, 7288 ( sa-devā°-Rākṣase loke ).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 6, 212 ( G° Ā° Rā° ), 247 ( devāsurāṇāṃ sarveṣāṃ Śvetaparvata ucyate ).—§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 21, 774 ( surā° ); 35, †1268 ( G°-Y°-Ās°-Si°-saṅghāḥ ). —§ 578 (Bhīṣmavadh.): VI, 45, 1754 ( praikṣanta tad, raṇaṃ ghoraṃ devāsura-samaṃ yudhi ); 48, 1900 ( Cakrapāṇir iv Āsurān ); 50, 2073 ( yaṃ Bṛhaspatir Indrāya tadā devāsure 'bravīt ).—§ 579 (do.): VI, 52, 2185 ( devāsura-Gandharvair lokair ).—§ 580 (do.): VI, 58, 2474 ( yathā devāsuraṃ yuddhaṃ ).—§ 581 (do.): VI, 65, 2970 ( tatrāsuravadhaṃ kṛtvā ); 66, 2980.—§ 583 (do.): VI, 77, 2348 ( devā°e yuddhe ); 79, 3474 (do.); 80, †3529 ( mahā° ).—§ 584 (do.): VI, 82, 3631 ( Vajrapāṇir ivā°ṃ ); 83, 3649 ( devā°opamaṃ ); 86, 3828 ( Vajrapāṇir ivā°ān ).—§ 585 (do.): VI, 94, 4250; 98, 4450 ( sa-devā°-G°-lokaṃ ), 4493 ( yathā devā°yuddhe ).— § 586 (do.): VI, 100, 4583 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 107, 4960 ( sendrair api surā°aiḥ ), 4961 (do.).—§ 587 (do.): VI, 108, 5027 ( Vajrahastam ivā°āḥ ); 116, 5411 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 118, 5567 ( yuddhe devā°opame ).—§ 588 (do.): VI, 121, 5804 ( surā° ).—§ 589 (Droṇābhiṣek.): VII, 3, 103 ( Vajrapāṇer ivā°ḥ ); 5, 154 ( jigīṣanto 'surān saṅkhye Kārtti- keyam ivāmarāḥ ); 10, 333 ( devā°air ).—§ 590 (do.): VII, Page097-a+ 63 12, 461 ( sendrair api surā°aiḥ ); 14, 542 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 15, 583 ( yuddhaṃ devā°opamaṃ ).—§ 592 (Saṃśap- takavadh.): VII, 19, 758 ( yathā…yuddhe devā°e purā ); 21, 891 ( surā° ); 25, 1084 ( yuddham… devā°opamaṃ ), 1120 ( Indram A°ān prati jaghnuṣaṃ ); 29, 1284.—§ 593 (Abhimanyuvadhap.): VII, 33, 1463 ( sa-surā°G° ); 36, 1579 ( yathā°balaṃ ); 39, 1647 ( Skanda- syevā°aiḥ saha ); 48, 1915 ( surā° ).—§ 595 (Rāma Dāśar.): VII, 59, 2229 ( surā° ).—§ 595 (Māndhātṛ): VII, 62, 2272 ( devā°- ), 2287 ( devā°- ).—§ 595 (Yayāti): VII, 63, 2295 ( devā°yuddha ).—§ 595 (Pṛthu Vainya): VII, 69, 2403 ( devā°- ), 2413 ( Asurā duduhur madyam āmapātre tu te tadā|dogdhā Dvimūrddhā tatrāsīd vatsaś cāsīd Virocanaḥ ).— § 596 (Pratijñāp.): VII, 73, †2607 ( A°sura°- ); 74, 2623 ( Asuroraga- ); 75, 2661 (do.); 77, †2731 ( surā° ); 81, 2910 ( mahā°nighātinā Bhavena, i.e. Śiva).—§ 599 (Jayadratha- vadhap.): VII, 93, 3378 ( °māyāṃ ); 94, 3444 ( sā°-surāḥ ); 102, 3821 ( devā°mṛdhe ); 105, 3947 ( devā°e yuddhe purā ); 106, 3968 ( devā°opamaḥ saṅgrāmo ); 111, 4244 ( sa-devā°- mānuṣaṃ ), 4268 ( sasurā°mānuṣā ); 114, 4495 ( yuddhaṃ devā°opamaṃ ); 115, 4601 (do.); 120, 4779 ( devā°raṇa- prakhyaṃ ); 122, 4910 ( devā°e purā yuddhe yathā ); 125, 5065 ( Śakreṇeva mahā°aḥ ); 128, 5231 ( yuddhaṃ devā°- opamaṃ ); 133, 5456 ( sa-Yakṣāsura-mānavān ); 134, 5511 ( vajreṇendra ivā°ān ); 135, 5545 ( Purandara ivāsuraṃ, i.e. Vṛtraṃ?); 142, 5886 ( purā devā°e yuddhe…yathā ); 144, 6048 ( devā°G° ).—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 156, 6853 ( A°ān iva Devendro ), 6854 ( A°ān iva Pāvakiḥ ); 158, 7014 ( sa devā°mānuṣaṃ ); 159, 7048 ( surā°āḥ ), 7075 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 163, †7317 ( surā° ); 169, 7582 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 170, 7673 ( Ā°ān iva Pāvakiḥ ); 181, 8234 ( surā° ).—§ 601 (Droṇavadhap.): VII, 185, 8425 ( sa-surā°G° ), 8444 ( A°oraga- ).—§ 602 (Droṇavadhap.): VII, 192, 8819 ( yuddhe devā°opame ).—§ 603 (Nārāya- ṇāstram.): VII, 195, 9001 ( A°oraga- ), 9019 ( Śacīpatir ivā° ); 197, 9101 ( D° Ā°oraga- ); 201, 9442, 9465 ( surā° ), 9473 ( devāsura° ); 202, 9543, 9547 ( surā° ), 9555 ( °āṇāṃ purāṇi trīṇi ), 9561, 9571 ( °āṇām antakaraḥ, i.e. Śiva).—§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 9, 254 ( Vajrahasta ivā°ān ).—§ 605 (do.): VIII, 12, 441 ( devā°samaprabhe ); 14, 563 ( yathā devā°e yuddhe ); 19, 769 ( Śakra ivā°ān ); 30, 1205 ( saṅgrāmaṃ devā° ); 31, 1319 ( surā° ).—§ 606 (Tripurākhy.): VIII, 33, 1391 ( yuddhe devā°e ), 1393, 1399, 1432; 34, 1539, 1547, 1566, 1569 ( °gaṇān ), 1574 ( devā° gaṇādhyakṣaḥ, i.e. Maheśvaraḥ), 1578.—§ 606 b (Paraśu-Rāma): VIII, 34, 1605 ( mahā° ).—§ 606 (Karṇap.): VIII, 35, 1626.—§ 607 (do.): VIII, 37, †1742 ( A°-sura-mahoragāḥ ); 41, 1959 ( devā°-manuṣyeṣu ); 42, 1978 ( surā° ).—§ 608 (do.): VIII, 46, 2148 ( devā°camūpamaḥ ), 2199 ( surā° ); 47, 2233 ( devā°samaḥ ); 48, 2273 ( devā°opamaṃ ); 51, 2493 ( viṣṇur ivā°ān ); 60, 3024 ( devā°e mṛdhe ); 61, 3130 ( vajreṇendra ivā°ān ); 66, 3316 ( jitvā°am ivāmarau = Vṛtra?); 72, †3629 ( surā° ); 73, 3641 ( sa-surā°mānuṣān ); 74, †3800; 77, †3864 ( iva ); 79, †4056 ( sa-Kālakeyān A°ān sametān ); 82, †4207 ( yathā ); 86, 4359 ( sa-D° Ā°Ga° ); 87, 4412, 4432, 4434 (sided with Karṇa); 88, †4490 ( D°N° Ās°Si° Y°air ), †4494 ( yathā ), †4498 ( surā° ); 89, †4568; 91, †4789 ( nārāśva N° Ā° ), 4791 ( devā°ān ).—§ 609 (Śalyap.): IX, 1, 9 ( devā°raṇopamaṃ ). —§ 610 (do.): IX, 3, 185 (do.); 7, 323 ( sa-surā°mānavaṃ ), 331 (do.).—§ 611 (do.): IX, 9, 413 ( devā°opamaṃ ), 446 ( devāsuropame ); 10, 520 ( yathā devā°aṃ yuddhaṃ ); 15, 795 ( yathā…śakrasyā°saṅkṣaye ); 23, 1182 ( devā°- ranopamam ): 26, 1436 ( Sahasrākṣa ivā°ān ).—§ 615 j Page097-b+ 63 (Maṅkaṇaka): IX, 38, 2236 ( surā°sya jagato gatis tvam asi, Śūladhṛk! ).—§ 615 (Baladevatīrthay.): IX, 41, 2346, 2347. —§ 615 u (Skanda): IX, 45, 2523, 2529 ( devā°e yuddhe ).— § 615 gg (Sārasvata): IX, 51, 2951 ( mahā° ).—§ 615 (Gadā- yuddhap.): IX, 58, 3250; 61, 3455 ( devair A°ghātibhiḥ ); 63, 3519 ( devā°e yuddhe ).—§ 616 (Sauptikap.): X, 4, 155 ( mahā° ); 8, 441.—§ 621 (Rājadh.): XII, 8, 229 ( devā°ṃ yathā, i.e. the conduct of D. and A.).—§ 632 (Ṣoḍacarājop., cf. Bhagīratha): XII, 29, 957 ( °āṇāṃ sahasrāṇi… ajayat Pākaśāsaṇaḥ ).—§ 632 (do., cf. Yayāti): XII, 29, 990 ( vyūḍhā°yuddhe ).—§ 635 (Rājadh.): XII, 33, 1184 ( yuddhe devā°e purā; A°ā bhrātaro jyeṣṭhā devā ścāpi yavīyasaḥ ).— § 637 (do.): XII, 47, 1623 ( surā°G° ).—§ 639 (do.): XII, 50, 1830.—§ 640 (do.): XII, 58, 2105 ( utthānenā°āhatāḥ ). —§ 641 (do.): XII, 64, †2410 ( urvīṃ sā°āṃ ); 90, 3388 ( devā° ); 121, 4411 ( sa-surā°mānuṣaṃ ), 4466 ( sa-surā°- rakṣasāṃ lokānāṃ ); 122, 4497 ( apāṃ rājye 'surāṇāñ ca vidadhe Varuṇaṃ prabhuṃ ).—§ 647 (Āpaddh.): XII, 139, 5188 ( devā° ).—§ 652 b (Indrota-Pārikṣitīya): XII, 152, †5667 ( surā° ).—§ 655 (Āpaddh.): XII, 158, 5890.—§ 656 (Khaḍgotpattik.): XII, 166, 6150 ( °sattamāḥ ), 6176.— § 660 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 188, 6932 ( Dai° Ā°m-o° ).—§ 664 (do.): XII, 207, 7545 ( mahāsattvān ).—§ 666 (do.): XII, 209, 7610 ( Narakādyā mahā°, tathaiva cānye bahavo Dānavā yuddhadurmadāḥ ).—§ 667 (do.): XII, 210, 7657 ( N° Ā°- manuṣyāṃś ca ), 7665 ( surā° ); 211, 7693 (do.); 216, 7837 ( tapo hy adhiṣṭhitaṃ devais, tapoghnam A°ais tamas ), 7838 ( devā°guṇān ).—§ 671 b (Bali-Vāsavas.): XII, 223, 8060 ( devā° ); 225, 8179 ( devā°ṃ yuddhaṃ ), 8180 ( devā°e yuddhe ) —§ 672 b (Mokṣadh.): XII, 226, †8201 ( mahā° ).—§ 673 b (Bali-Vāsavas.): XII, 227, 8218 ( devā°e yuddhe ), 8289 ( devā°samāgame ), †8330.—§ 674 (Śrī-Vāsavas.): XII, 229, 8359 ( Asureṣv avasaṃ pūrvaṃ, says Śrī), 8416.—§ 692 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 281, 10069 ( A°pravīra, i.e. Vṛtra).— § 693 (Vṛtravadha): XII, 282, 10108 ( devā° ), 10119 ( Dai° Ā°nibarhaṇa, i.e. Indra), 10140.—§ 700 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 289, 10652.—§ 701 (do.): XII, 290, 10660.—§ 702 (do.): XII, 296, 10800.—§ 714 (Śukakṛtya): XII, 328, 12323 ( sā° Rā°devagaṇaṃ ).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 335, 12665 ( sa-D° Ā°G° ).—§ 717 c (Uparicara): XII, 338, 12889 ( surā°gurur Hariḥ ).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 340 12927 ( surā°gaṇānāṃ varadaḥ, i.e. Brahmán), 12944 ( sarva- lokānāṃ sa-D° Ā° Ra° ), 12992 ( Surā°air yathā ); 341, 13013 ( sa-surā°-mānavāḥ ).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 343, II) ††13205, VII) ††13208, VIII) ††13212 ( A°pakṣaḥ, X ) ††13219, ϕ†13249; 347, ††13445 ( Harir A°vadhakaraḥ ).— § 718 b (Uñchavṛttyup.): XII, 352, 13732 ( surā° ); 361, 13866 ( surā°gaṇānāṃ ); 364, 13922.—§ 728 (Bhaṅgā- svanop.): XIII, 12, 556 ( Kaśyapasya surā°āḥ ), 557.— § 730 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 14, 612 ( A°ghnaḥ… Bhagavato, i.e. Śiva), 671 ( °endrān ), 803 ( devā° ), 804, 814 ( surā° ), †1020 ( surā° ); 16, 1041 ( devā°munīnāṃ ), 1065 (do.), 1074 ( devā°manuṣyāṇāṃ ), 1075 ( devā°narāḥ ); 17, 1176 ( A°endrāṇāṃ ), 1233 ( Devāsurapatiḥ = Śiva 1000 names 2 ), 1257 ( devā°parāyaṇaḥ, devā°vinirmātā, both do. do.), 1258 ( Devā°guru = do. do.; Devā°namaskṛta = do. do.; Devā°mahāmātra = do. do.; Devā°gaṇāśrayah ), 1259 ( Devā°gaṇādhyakṣa = do. do.; Devā°gaṇāgraṇī = do. do.; Devā°varapradaḥ = do. do.), 1260 ( Devā°eśvara = do. do.). —§ 735 (Indra-Mataṅgas.): XIII, 27, 1895 ( devatā°- martyeṣu ).—§ 736 b (Vītahavyop.): XIII, 30, 1959 ( yuddhaṃ…devā°samaṃ ).—§ 739 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 33, 2098; 35, 2160 ( brāhmaṇānāṃ paribhavād Page098-a+ 62 Asurāḥ salileśayāḥ ).—§ 740 (do.): XIII, 36, 2175 ( devāsuraṃ purā ).—§ 744 (do.): XIII, 44, 2410.—§ 746 (do.): XIII, 62, 3197; 83, 3886 ( devā° Suparṇāś ca ), 3923 ( A°sūdana, i.e. Indra).—§ 747 (do.): XIII, 84, 4013; 85, 4020, 4181 ( jaghāna Tārakaṃ cāpi Daityam anyāṃs tathā Asurān ).—§ 748 b (Tārakavadhop.): XIII, 86, 4211.— § 749 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 87, 4224 ( devā°manuṣyāṇāṃ ).— § 766 (do.): XIII, 126, 6010 ( jagat sa-devā°-mānuṣaṃ ); 133, 6176 ( trīn lokān sa-devā°mānuṣān ).—§ 768 b (Kṛṣṇa- Vāsudeva): XIII, 147, 6809 ( romabhyaś ca surāsurāḥ ).— § 768 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 148, 6890.—§ 769 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 149, 7071 ( sa-surā° G°aṃ…jagat ).—§ 772 k (Agastya): XIII, 156, 7266, 7274, 7275.—§ 772 m (Atri): XIII, 157, 7294, 7295, 7301 ( mahā° ), 7302 ( hatā° ).— § 773 b (Kṛṣṇa): XIII, 159, †7366, †7371 ( Daityān Asurāṃś ca sarvān ), †7373, †7395.—§ 773 d (Śiva): XIII, 161, 7467, 7471 ( surā° ), 7482 ( A°āṇāṃ purāṇi trīṇi ), 7488. —§ 775 (Ānuśāsan.): XIII, 166, 7634 ( devā°-gurur = Brahmán).—§ 777 (Svargārohaṇ.): XIII, 168, 7742 ( surā°- namaskṛta ).—§ 778 (Aśvamedhik.): XIV, 3, 46.—§ 778 b (Saṃvartta-Mar.): XIV, 5, 94; 9, †224.—§ 782 (Brāh- maṇagītā): XIV, 26, 752, 755.—§ 782 g (Guruśiṣyas.): XIV, 42, †1169 ( surā°āś ca ); 51, 1434 ( Pś°ā° Ra° ).—§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 79, 2321 ( devā°raṇaprakhyaṃ ).—§ 788 (Āśramavāsikap.): XV, 28, 753.—§ 789 (Putradarśanap.): XV, 29, 779 ( devā°vimiśritāḥ ).—§ 795 c (Mahābhārata): XVIII, 6, 218 ( jagat surā°, is to be found in the Mahā- bhārata).—Seems to have been totally synonymous with Dānava and Daitya [ ID=905 ]
- 1. Asva 2. Bali 3. Balina 4. Bana 5. Bhagadatta 6. Candrahantri 7. Sharabha 8. Shatamukha 9. Shatha 10. Damsha 11. Dhundhu 12. Ekachakra 13. Gavishtha 14. Hiranyakashipu 15. Hiranyaksha 16. Ilvala 17. Jambha 18. Jarasandha 19. Kaitabha 20. Kaleyas 21. Keshin 22. Krathana 23. Krodhahantri 24. Kupatha 25. Mada 26. Madhu 27. Maya 28. Mayura 29. Mritapa 30. Namuci 31. Naraka 32. Nicandra 33. Pitha 34. Prahlada 35. Sunda 36. Surya 37. Svarbhanu 38. Taraka 39. Upasunda 40. Vatapi 41. Vishvarupa 42. Vikshara 43. Vinashana 44. Virupaksha 45. Vrishaparvan 46. Vritra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 098-1 ] Asura 2, sg. (cf. Asura 1 ): XII, 8164 (v. Śrī), 13918 (v. Uñchavṛtti).—§ 747 b (Suvarṇotp.): XIII, 85, 4073 ( A°aḥ kaścit ).—Names of single Asuras: Aśva : I, 2649 ( mahā° ). Bali : III, †976, 8759 ( mahā° ); XII, 8182 (do.), 8324, 12943 (do.). Balīna : I, 2679 ( °ottamaḥ ). Bāṇa : I, 2528 ( mahā° ). Bhagadatta : VII, 1290 ( mahā° ). Candrahantṛ : I, 2673 ( pravaro 'suraḥ ). Śarabha : I, 2663 ( mahā° ). Śatamukha : XIII, 674 ( mahā° ). Śaṭha : I, 2537 ( mahā° ). Daṃśa : XII, 93 ( prāg D°; mahā° ). Dhundhu : III, 13511 ( mahā° ), 13541, 13543 ( mahā° ), 13598, 13613. Ekacakra : I, 2657 ( mahā° ). Gaviṣṭha : I, 2670 ( mahā° ). Hiraṇyakaśipu : I, 7620. Hiraṇyākṣa : IX, 1751 ( mahā° ). Ilvala : III, 8545, 8616 ( °śreṣṭhaḥ ), 8620, 8625, 8628 ( mahā° ), 8629 (do.). Jambha : III, 8760; VIII, 3304 ( mahā° ). Jarāsandha : XII, 12961. Kaiṭabha : IX, 2850; XII, 13477, 13506. Kāleyāḥ : I, 2684 ( pravaraḥ…mahā° ), 2686 ( mahā- mayo mahā° ), 2688 ( pravaro mahā° ), 2689 ( matimān mahā° ). Keśin : III, 14255, 14259 ( mahā° ). Krathana : I, 2693 ( mahā° ). Krodhahantṛ : I, 2681. Kupatha : I, 2664 ( mahā° ). Mada : III, 10389 ( mahā° ); XIV, †251 ( A°ṃ viśva- ūpaṃ ). Page098-b+ 62 Madhu : VI, 3025 ( mahā° ); IX, 2850 ( °au M°-Kaiṭa- bhau ); XII, 7531 ( mahā° ), 13477 ( As°ottamau, i.e. Madhu and Kaiṭabha), 13506 ( °au ). Maya : I, 2278 ( mahā° ), 8323; II, 3 ( mahā° ), 66, 76 ( mahā° ); VIII, 1406 ( mahā° ). Mayūra : I, 2671 ( mahā° ). Mṛtapā : I, 2669 ( °ottamaḥ ). Namuci : V, 497 ( mahā° ). Naraka : XII, 7610 ( N°ādyā mahā°āḥ ). Nicandra : I, 2661 ( °ottamaḥ ). Pīṭha : VII, 386 ( mahā° ). Prahlāda : III, 1030 ( Asurendraṃ ). Sunda : I, 7616 ( °au, i.e. S° + Upas°), 7635, 7670 ( maha°au, i.e. do.), 7698 ( °ābhyāṃ, i.e. do.), 7720 (do. = do.); IX, 1765 ( °au, i.e. do.). Sūrya : I, 2694 ( °āṇāṃ ). Svarbhānu : I, 2648 ( mahā° ). Tāraka : XIII, 4011, 4015, 4066, 4068, 4205, 4215. Upasunda : I, 7616, 7670, 7698, 7720; IX, 1755.— Cf. Sunda. Vātāpi : III, 422 ( mahā° ), 8549, 8551 ( mahā° ), 8617 ( mahā° ), 8618 (do.), 8623 ( mahā° ), 13679 (do.); XII, 5389. Viśvarūpa : V, 504 ( Tvāṣṭro mahā° ). Vikṣara : I, 2677 ( pravaro 'surah ), 2678 ( dvitīyo Vikṣarāt, mahā° ). Vināśanaḥ Candrasya : I, 2674 ( mahā° ). Virūpākṣa : I, 2658 ( mahā° ). Vṛṣaparvan : I, 3344 ( mahā° ). Vṛtra : I, 2680 ( mahā° ); III, †8728 (do.); V, 311, 324 ( mahā° ), 327 (do.), 522; VII, 9038 ( mahā° ); XII, 10069 ( A°pravīro ), 10133 ( A°śreṣṭhaṃ ), 10138 ( mahā° ), 10149 (do.), 10204 (do.), 10268 (do.). [ ID=906 ]
- The foes and relatives of the gods, representing night, darkness, and ignorance.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 1-138 ] Asuras 1 — The foes and cognates of Devas; 2 born out of the jaghana of Prajāpati; etymology of; 3 could secure Hari's blessing by adorning him; 4 opposed to Yajña; 5 the Āsura hour; 6 praise Śeṣa; 7 abode down the earth. 8 Ruled the earth for ten yugas when it went back to the Devas on a curse by Śukra after 12 wars; 9 worship Barhiṣad Pitrs. 10 Had three Indras — Hiraṇyakaśipu, Bali and Praḥlāda; 11 lost their refulgence on the eve of Vāmana avatāra. 12 represent night and darkness and full of tamas. 13 Asura's killed in the wars with Devas are born as men in earth and create trouble in this world. 14 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. I. 13. 6; VII. 3. 37; XII. 9. 28; Br. II. 32. 1, 2. 6; M. 47. 12; 131. 10, 39-41.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. VI. 7. 18; Vā. 31. 11; Br. II. 8. 5; IV. 9. 67-8.] [ Footnote: 3) Vā. 9. 4-5; Br. II. 8. 4; Vi. I. 5. 31.] [ Footnote: 4) Bhā. VII. 7. 50.] [ Footnote: 5) Ib. VIII. 1. 17.] [ Footnote: 6) Ib. X. 28. 2.] [ Footnote: 7) Ib. X. 39. 44-45.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. XI. 24. 13.] [ Footnote: 9) Br. III. 72. 69-93; Vā. 97. 68-93.] [ Footnote: 10) M. 15. 3.] [ Footnote: 11) M. 47. 59.] [ Footnote: 12) M. 245. 1.] [ Footnote: 13) Br. II. 8. 4; Vi. I. 5. 31-4.] [ Footnote: 14) Br. III. 71. 263.] [ ID=1084 ]

### A Cloud (2 definitions)
- a cloud  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a cloud, Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska (subtitle) ( cf. Ṛg-veda (Title) v, 83, 6 ) [ ID=21054 ]
- A cloud  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 7 A cloud

### A Plant (Sinapis Ramosa - Asurī f.) (2 definitions)
- the plant Sinapis ramosa  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the plant Sinapis Ramosa Roxb., Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=21060 ]
- the plant Sinapis Racemosa  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — री (rī) 2 N. of the plant Sinapis Racemosa Roxb. ( pb )

### A Warrior Tribe (2 definitions)
- a warrior-tribe  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > असुर (asura) m. pl. N. of a warrior-tribe, ( g. पर्श्व् - आदि (parśv-ādi), q.v. ) [ ID=21055 ]
- Name of a warrior tribe  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 8 N. of a warrior tribe

### Female Demon or Wife of an Asura (Asurī) (2 definitions)
- a female demon or the wife of an Asura  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 121,1] असुरी (surī) (asurī) f. a female demon, the wife of an Asura, Kauṣītaki-brāhmaṇa [Cologne Addition] (Title) ( cf. आसुरी (surī) (āsurī) and महा (mahā) सुरी (surī) ) [ ID=21059 ]
- A female demon, wife of an Asura  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — री (rī) 1 A female demon, wife of an Asura

### Night (Asurā f.) (2 definitions)
- night  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 121,1] असुरा (asurā) f. night, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=21057 ]
- Night.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रा (rā) 1 Night

### Rāhu (celestial being) (2 definitions)
- an epithet of Rahu  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a N. of Rāhu, Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā (Title) &c. [ ID=21052 ]
- an epithet of Rahu  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 6 An epithet of Rāhu

### The Sun (2 definitions)
- the sun  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the sun, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=21053 ]
- The sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस् (as) ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 4 The sun (said to be from अस् (as) to shine)

### Zodiacal Sign (Asurā f.) (2 definitions)
- a zodiacal sign  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a zodiacal sign, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=21058 ]
- A zodiacal sign  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रा (rā) 2 A zodiacal sign

### A Prostitute (Asurā f.) (1 definition)
- A prostitute  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रा (rā) 3 A prostitute

### A Vedic School (1 definition)
- a follower of a Vedic school  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > असुर (asura) m. of a Vedic school [ ID=21056 ]

### An Elephant (1 definition)
- An elephant  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रः (raḥ) [According to Nir. अ सुरताः स्थानेषु न सुष्ठु रताः स्थानेषु चपला (a suratāḥ sthāneṣu na suṣṭhu ratāḥ sthāneṣu capalā) इत्यर्थः (ityarthaḥ); or अस्ताः प्रच्याविता देवैः स्थानेभ्यः (astāḥ pracyāvitā devaiḥ sthānebhyaḥ); or from असु; असुः प्राणः तेन तद्वंतो भवंति (asu; asuḥ prāṇaḥ tena tadvaṃto bhavaṃti) रो मत्वर्थे (ro matvarthe); or सोर्देवानसृजत तत्सुराणां सुरत्वं (sordevānasṛjata tatsurāṇāṃ suratvaṃ), असोः असुरानसृजत तदसुराणामसुरत्वं; सोः (asoḥ asurānasṛjata tadasurāṇāmasuratvaṃ; soḥ) = प्रशस्तादात्मनः प्रदेशात् (praśastādātmanaḥ pradeśāt) ] 5 An elephant

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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