# बुध (budha)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/budha

बुध (budha) is a Sanskrit word meaning awaking, intelligent, clever, wise, a wise or learned man, a god, a dog, Mercury. Its 37 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them The Planet Mercury / Son of Soma, Wise, Intelligent, Learned, Other Individuals Named Budha.

- **Root:** बुध् (budh)
- **Etymology:** E. बुध to know or understand, aff. क — E. budha to know or understand, aff. ka
- **SLP1:** `buDa`  **IAST:** budha  **Devanagari:** बुध
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budha
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/budha/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** बुधा (budhā)

## Meanings by context

### The Planet Mercury / Son of Soma (11 definitions)
- 1. Name of a descendant of Soma and father of Pururavas, identified with the planet Mercury.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a descendant of Soma (and hence also called सौम्य (saumya), सौमायन (saumāyana), author of Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 1, and father of Purū-ravas; identified with the planet Mercury) [ ID=145743 ]
- Mercury  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Mercury (regarded as a son of Soma or the moon), PañcavBr.; MBh.; R. &c. of a descendant of Atri and author of Ṛg-veda (Title) v, 1; Anukr. [ ID=145744 ]
- The planet Mercury  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — धः (dhaḥ) 3 The planet Mercury; रक्षत्येनं तु बुध (budha) योगः (rakṣatyenaṃ tu budhayogaḥ) Mudrārākṣasa (Bombay) 1. 6 (where बुध (budha) has sense
- also  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — धः (dhaḥ) 1 also); ( pb ) Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 1. 47; 13. 76
- 1. Intelligent, clever, or wise. 2. A wise man, sage, or god. 3. The planet Mercury.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) 2. budh-a, a. intelligent, clever, wise; m. man of sense, wise man, sage; god; N. of a son of Soma = the planet Mercury; N. : -ka, m. N.; -dina, n. Day of Mercury, Wednesday; -vāra, m. id.. [ ID=12895 ]
- 1. The planet Mercury personified as the son of the moon. 2. A wise man or sage. 3. Indian spikenard.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) m. ( - धः (-dhaḥ) ) 1 BUDHA, the son of the moon, and regent of the planet MERCURY, with whom he is identified. 2 A wise or learned man, a sage. f. ( - धा (-dhā) ) Indian spikenard. E. बुध (budha) to know or understand, aff. क (ka). [ ID=27933 ]
- 1. The planet Mercury, personified as son of the moon, or a wise man. 2. Indian spikenard.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 543-b ] बुध (budha) ( धः ) ((dhaḥ)) 1. m. Son of the moon, Mercury; a wise man, a sage. f. ( धा (dhā) ) Indian spikenard. [ ID=27442 ]
- 1. Mercury or Buddha. 2. A wise or learned person. 3. Indian spikenard.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 519-b ] बुध (budha) m. ( - धः (-dhaḥ) ) 1. BUDDHA, the son of the moon and regent of the planet MERCURY, with whom he is identified. 2. A wise or learned man, a sage. f. ( - धा (-dhā) ) Indian spikenard. E. बुध (budha) ् (budh) to know or understand, aff. क । (ka.) [ ID=28798 ]
- 1. Wise, intelligent, prudent, or clever. 2. Awake or waking. 3. A wise or learned man. 4. The planet Mercury. 5. Indian spikenard.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 0686-b ] Budha, as, ā, am, wise, intelligent, sensible, prudent, clever; waking, awaking [cf. uṣar-b° ]; ( as ), m. any wise or learned man; N. of a descendant of Soma (and hence called Saumya, Saumāyana, author of the hymn Ṛg-veda X. 1, and father of Purū-ravas; he is identified with the planet Mercury, regarded as a son of Soma or the moon; he is also the reputed author of a law-book); N. of a de- scendant of Atri and author of the hymn Ṛg-veda V. 1; of a son of Vega-vat and father of Tṛṇa- bindu; of the author of the Kalpa-yukti, (in this sense also written buddha ); ( ā ), f. Indian spikenard, Nardostachys Jatamansi; ( e ), ind. on a Wednesday (= budha-vāre). —Budha-gupta, as, m., N. of a prince; (also written buddha-gupta. ) —Budha- cāra, as, m., N. of the seventh chapter of Bhaṭṭot- pala's commentary on Varāha-mihira's Bṛhat-saṃ- hitā; of the twentieth chapter of the Mīna-rāja- jātaka ascribed to Yavaneśvara. —Budha-jana, as, m. a wise man. —Budha-tāta, as, m. ‘father of Budha or the planet Mercury,’ the moon. —Budha- darśana-cāra, as, m., N. of the twelfth chapter of the Mīna-rāja-jātaka ascribed to Yavaneśvara. —Budha-dina, am, n. ‘the day of Budha or the planet Mercury,’ Wednesday. —Budha-deśa, as, m., N. of a place. —Budha-manohara, N. of a work. —Budha-ratna, am, n. ‘Budha's gem,’ an emerald. —Budha-vāra, as, m. ‘Budha's day,’ Wednesday; ( e ), ind. on a Wednesday. —Budha- śānti, is, f., N. of a chapter of Halāyudha's Purāṇa- sarvasva. —Budha-sānu, us, m. = parṇa, q. v.; = yajña-puruṣa. —Buddha-suta, as, m. ‘son of Budha,’ an epithet of Purū-ravas the first king of the lunar dynasty. —Budhāṣṭamī (°dha-aṣ°), f. ‘the eighth (day) of Budha,’ N. of a festival. —Bu- dhāṣṭamī-vrata, am, n., N. of the forty-seventh chapter of the Bhaviṣyottara-Purāṇa or second part of the Bhaviṣya-Purāṇa. [ ID=34788 ]
- the planet Mercury  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 169-2 ] Budha, the planet Mercury. § 270 (Brahmasabhāv.): II, 11, 446 (among the planets in the palace of Brahmán).—§ 310 b (Sūrya): III, 3, 147 (Sūrya is identified with B.).—§ 578 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VI, 45 10, 1710 ( Aṅgāraka-Budhāv iva ). —§ 586 (do.): VI, 101, 4642 ( yathā Budhaś ca Śukraś ca ); 104, 4748 ( yathā…Budha-Śanaiścarau ).—§ 597 (Pratijñāp.): VII, 84, 2993 ( sahito Budha-Śukrābhyāṃ tamo nighnan yathā Śaśī ).—§ 599 e (Śini): VII, 144, 6028 (son of Soma and father of Purūravas).—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 168, 7546 ( Budha-Bhārgavayor iva ).—§ 605 (Karṇap.): VIII, 15, 581 ( Aṅgāraka-Budhāv iva ).—§ 677 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 245 β, 8900 (?PCR. “learned”).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 343, X), ††13219.—§ 768 b (Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 147, 6832 (married to Ilā and father of Purūravas).— § 770 (Ānuśāsanik. (: XIII, 151, 7127 ( °sya putram, i.e. Purūravas).—§ 775 (do.): XIII, 166 α, 7643. [ ID=1881 ]
- one of the nine planets  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Budha (IV) — one of the nine planets; son of Soma (moon) [Tviṣi (Vā. P.) ] and Tārā wife of Bṛhaspati; known as Rājaputra; of brown colour; has a lustrous white chariot drawn by ten horses of different colours; originator of the Hastiśāstra; and learned in the Arthaśāstra; got the kingdom on the earth; 1 occupies a position above (below Vi. P. ) that of Śukra; generally good and benevolent; but when separated from the sun preced- ing him, he causes showers or draughts; 2 enamoured of the figure of Ilā (Ilā converted into the other sex at Śaravaṇa); in the guise of a Brahmana, he approached her; she consented to be his wife on his saying that he was Budha; father of Pururavas; Rajaputraka Aila; 3 in the chariot of Tripura; 4 at the bottom of all Tārāgrahas; 5 with the Prakṛti of Nārāyaṇa; in extent three-fourths of Kuja and Saura; has eight rays; lies above the nakṣatras; 6 above 200,000 yojanas from the constellar regions; 7 chariot of, made of wind and fire and drawn by eight horses; 8 Sudhyumna, son of Manu, cursed by Śiva, became a woman on whom Budha begot Pururavas. 9 Page2-487+ 30 [ Footnote: 1) M. 24. 3-10; 93. 10, 17; 115. 1; 127. 1-3; Vā. 52. 72; Vi. I. 8. 11; IV. 6. 32-34.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. V. 22. 13; M. 264. 8; Vi. II. 7. 8.] [ Footnote: 3) Bhā IX. 1. 34-5; 14. 14-15; Br. II. 24. 49-134; III. 3. 23; 65. 44; 66. 1; M. 11. 54; 12. 14.] [ Footnote: 4) Ib. 128. 48, 65; 133. 20.] [ Footnote: 5) Vā. 101. 132.] [ Footnote: 6) Ib. 53. 31, 67, 87 and 97.] [ Footnote: 7) Vi. II. 7. 7.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. II. 12. 18.] [ Footnote: 9) Ib. IV. 1. 11-12; Vā. 85. 17.] [ ID=9076 ]

### Wise, Intelligent, Learned (9 definitions)
- intelligent, clever, wise  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > intelligent, clever, wise, Mn.; MBh. &c. [ ID=145739 ]
- a wise or learned man  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > बुध (budha) m. a wise or learned man, sage, ib. [ ID=145740 ]
- Wise, clever, learned  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 0799-a ] बुध (budha) a. [ बुध (budha) ् - क (budh-ka) ] 1 Wise, clever, learned
- Intelligent  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 0799-a ] बुध (budha) a. [ बुध (budha) ् - क (budh-ka) ] 2 Intelligent
- A wise or learned man  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — धः (dhaḥ) 1 A wise or learned man; निपीय यस्य क्षितिरक्षिणः कथां (nipīya yasya kṣitirakṣiṇaḥ kathāṃ) तथाद्रियंते न बुधाः सुधामपि (tathādriyaṃte na budhāḥ sudhāmapi) Naiṣadhacarita 1. 1
- Wise, learned, clever  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 511-03 ] बुध (budha) (I) a. (f. धा (dhā) ) Wise, learned, clever. [ ID=26675 ]
- 1. A learned man. 2. The planet Mercury.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) (II) m. 1. A learned man, आर्यावर्तं विदुर्बुध (budha) ाः (āryāvartaṃ vidurbudhāḥ) M. ii.22; 2. the planet Mercury, बुबुध (budha) े न बुध (budha) ोपमः (bubudhe na budhopamaḥ) R. i.47, xiii.76. [ ID=26676 ]
- 1. Wise. 2. Budha, the son of the moon and regent of the planet Mercury. 3. A proper name.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 0635-a ] बुध (budha) budh + a, I. adj. Wise, Pañc. i. d. 427. II. m. 1. Budha, the son of the moon and regent of the planet Mercury. 2. A proper name, Vikr. d, 159. — Comp. A-, adj. foolish, Hit. ii. d. 23; Rājat. 5, 380. Durb°, i. e. dus-, adj. foolish, MBh. 11, 166. [ ID=10333 ]
- 1. Intelligent and clever. 2. A wise or learned person. 3. A deity. 4. A man's name.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 365 ] बुध (budha) a. intelligent, clever; m. a wise or learned man, a knower; a god; a man's name. [ ID=22187 ]

### Other Individuals Named Budha (5 definitions)
- the son of Vegavat and father of Trinabindu  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Vega-vat and father of Tṛṇa-bindu, Pur. [ ID=145745 ]
- of various authors  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of various authors, Cat. [ ID=145746 ]
- the son of Veghavan and father of Trinabindhu  
  *The Purana Index*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 2-486 ] Budha (I) — the son of Veghavān and father of Tṛṇa- bindhu. Br. III. 8. 36; 61. 10; Vi. IV. 1. 45-6; Vā. 86. 15. [ ID=9073 ]
- A vanara chieftain and a son of Shveta.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Budha (II) — a Vānara chieftain, and a son of Śveta. Br. III. 7. 180. [ ID=9074 ]
- a son of Mahadeva and Rohini  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 2-487 ] Budha (V) — a son of Mahādeva and Rohiṇī. Vā. 27. 56; 66. 22. [ ID=9077 ]

### Awaking, Waking (3 definitions)
- awaking  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 734,1] बुध (budha) mfn. awaking ( cf. उषर् - बुध (budha) (uṣar-budha) ) [ ID=145738 ]
- Waking or awaking  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 0799-a ] बुध (budha) a. [ बुध (budha) ् - क (budh-ka) ] 3 Waking, awaking
- 1. Awake, intelligent, or wise. 2. A wise man.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 201-b ] budha, a. awake; intelligent; wise; as m. wise man. [ √budh. ] [ ID=2908 ]

### A God (General Sense) (2 definitions)
- a god  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a god, L. [ ID=145741 ]
- A god  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — धः (dhaḥ) 2 A god; Naiṣadhacarita 1. 1

### Spikenard (Plant) (2 definitions)
- Nardostachys Jatamansi  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 734,1] बुधा (budhā) f. Nardostachys Jatamansi, L. [ ID=145748 ]
- Spikenard  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — धा (dhā) Spikenard

### Verbal Root 'budh' (2 definitions)
- the root budh  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 197-2 ] बुध (budha) 1. budh-a, the root budh ( gr. ). [ ID=12894 ]
- To know or understand  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > बुध (budha) [Printed book page 606 ] बुध (budha)( औ ) औबुध (budha) (budha(au)aubudha) r. 1st cl. ( बोधति (bodhati) ) r. 4th cl. ( बुध (budha) ्यते - ति (budhyate-ti) ) also ( उ, इर (u, ira) ) उबुध (budha) िर् (ubudhir) r. 1st cl. ( बोधति (bodhati)- ते (bodhati-te) ) To know, to understand. With प्रति (prati), to look for, expect. With प्रति (prati) and वि (vi), to wake. [ ID=27932 ]

### A Dog (1 definition)
- a dog  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a dog, L. [ ID=145742 ]

### A Sutapa God (1 definition)
- one of the twenty Sutapa gods  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Budha (III) — one of the twenty Sutapa Gods. Br. IV. 1. 15; Vā. 100. 15. [ ID=9075 ]

### Wednesday (1 definition)
- on a Wednesday  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2C) [Printed book page 734,1] बुधे (budhe) ind. on a Wednesday (= बुध - वारे (budha-vāre) ), L. [ ID=145747 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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