# धूप (dhūpa)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/dhupa

धूप (dhūpa) is a Sanskrit word meaning to heat, to speak, to shine, incense or aromatic smoke from burning fragrant resin, incense, aromatic vapour, incense or perfume. Its 13 recorded definitions are grouped into 4 contexts, among them Incense, Perfume, Aromatic Substance/Vapor, Verbal Root 'dhūp' (to heat, speak, shine), A Ritual Act or Offering.

- **Roots:** पुष् (puṣ), स्तु (stu)
- **Etymology:** E. धूप to heat, affix अच् — E. dhūpa to heat, affix ac
- **SLP1:** `DUpa`  **IAST:** dhūpa  **Devanagari:** धूप
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhupa
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/dhupa/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Incense, Perfume, Aromatic Substance/Vapor (9 definitions)
- incense, perfume, or aromatic smoke from burning gum or resin  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 517,3] धू (dhū) प (dhūpa) m. sg. pl. ( fr. धू (dhū) as पुष् (puṣ) प (puṣpa) fr. √ पुष् (puṣ), स्तूप (stūpa) fr. √ स्तु (stu) ) incense, perfume, aromatic vapour or smoke proceeding from gum or resin, the g° and r° themselves, Kāṭhaka (Literary category); Gṛhya-sūtra (Literary category); Yājñavalkya (Author); Mahābhārata (Title); Kāvya literature (Literary category) &c. [ ID=101513 ]
- incense, aromatic vapour  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 133-2 ] धूप (dhūpa) dhū-pa, m. ( sg. & pl. ) incense, aromatic vapour: -ka, m. id. ( gnly. —° a. ). [ ID=10083 ]
- Incense or aromatic smoke from burning fragrant resin.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) m. ( - पः (-paḥ) ) Incense, the aromatic vapour that proceeds from the combustion of any fragrant gum or resin, the use of which is authorized by scripture. E. धूप (dhūpa) to heat, affix अच् (ac). [ ID=20698 ]
- Incense  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 397-b ] धूप (dhūpa) ( पः ) ((paḥ)) 1. m. Incense. [ ID=20190 ]
- 1. Incense or any fragrant substance. 2. Fragrant vapor. 3. A fragrant powder.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 361-15 ] धूप (dhūpa) m. 1. Incense, frankincense, any fragrant substance; 2. the vapour proceeding from any fragrant substance, धूप (dhūpa) ैर्जालविनिःसृतैर्वलभयः संदिग्धपारावताः (dhūpairjālaviniḥsṛtairvalabhayaḥ saṃdigdhapārāvatāḥ) Vikr. iii., K.S. vii.14, R. xvi.50, Megh. i.32; 3. a fragrant powder. [ ID=18505 ]
- Incense  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) m. ( - पः (-paḥ) ) Incense, the aromatic vapour that proceeds from the combustion of any fragrant gum or resin, the use of which is authorized by scripture. E. धूप (dhūpa) ् (dhūp) to heat, affix अच् (ac). धपयति रोगान् ( dhapayati rogān) दोषान् वा । (doṣān vā.) [ ID=20684 ]
- 1. Incense. 2. Fragrant smoke from burning incense.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 0444-b ] धूप (dhūpa) dhūp + a, m. 1. Incense, Rām. 1, 5, 15. 2. The aromatic vapour that proceeds from the burning of incense, Vikr. d. 43. — Comp. Vṛka-, and Vṛ- kṣa-, m. 1. compounded perfume. 2. turpentine. [ ID=7052 ]
- 1. Incense or perfume. 2. Smoke or vapor.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 255 ] धूप (dhūpa) ( m. sgl. & pl. ) incense, perfume; smoke, vapour. [ ID=15468 ]
- incense, frankincense, perfume, or aromatic smoke and fragrant powder  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 0457-b ] Dhūpa, as, m. (by native authorities derived fr. a rt. dhūp, q. v.), incense, frankincense, perfume, aromatic vapour or smoke, the vapour proceeding from fragrant gum or resin, (often in pl. dhūpās ); fragrant powder; [cf. kṛtrima-dh°, kḷpta-dh°, kha-dh°, &c.] —Dhūpa-dāna, am, n. ‘the giving of incense,’ N. of a chapter of the Purāṇa-sarva-sva by Halāyudha. —Dhūpa-dhūpita, as, ā, am, made fragrant or fumigated with incense. —Dhūpa-pātra, am, n. a vessel for incense, censer; a perfume box. —Dhūpa-vṛkṣa or dhūpavṛkṣaka, as, m. ‘incense-tree,’ a species of pine, Pinus Longifolia. —Dhūpāguru (°pa-ag°), u, n. a kind of Agallo- chum used for incense. —Dhūpāṅga (°pa-aṅ°), as, m. turpentine. —Dhūpārha (°pa-ar°), am, n. a black kind of Agallochum used or fit for incense. [ ID=23471 ]

### Verbal Root 'dhūp' (to heat, speak, shine) (2 definitions)
- 1. To heat. 2. To speak. 3. To shine.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 445 ] धूप (dhūpa) r. 1st cl. ( धूप (dhūpa) ायति (dhūpāyati) ) To heat. r. 10th cl. ( धूप (dhūpa) यति (dhūpayati) ) 1 To speak. 2 To shine. [ ID=20697 ]
- 1. To heat. 2. To speak. 3. To shine.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > धूप (dhūpa) [Printed book page 371-b ] धूप (dhūpa) r. 1st cl. ( धूप (dhūpa) ायति (dhūpāyati) ) To heat. r. 10th cl. ( धूप (dhūpa) यति - ते (dhūpayati-te) ) 1. To speak. 2. To shine. तापे अक० तापने सक० भ्वा० प० सेट् । दीप्तो चु० उभ० अक० दीपने (tāpe aka0 tāpane saka0 bhvā0 pa0 seṭ. dīpto cu0 ubha0 aka0 dīpane) सक० सेट् । (saka0 seṭ.) [ ID=20683 ]

### A Ritual Act or Offering (1 definition)
- one of the 16 acts of homage or offerings in the Panchayatana ceremony  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > one of the 16 acts of homage or offerings in the Pañcāyatara ceremony, Religious Thought and Life in India, also called ’Brāhmanism and Hindūism,’ by Sir M. Monier-Williams (Title) 415. [ ID=101514 ]

### Cross-Reference (1 definition)
- See Dhupa on page 457.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > [Printed book page 0458-b ] Dhūpa. See p. 457, col. 2. [ ID=23504 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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