# हस्तिन् (hastin)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/hastin

हस्तिन् (hastin) is a Sanskrit word meaning having hands, or clever and dexterous with the hands, an elephant, the chief or best of its kind, a kind of plant, name of a son of Dhritarashtra, a son of Suhotra. Its 52 recorded definitions are grouped into 14 contexts, among them Elephant-related Terminology: Compounds for Parts, People, Actions, etc., Adjectival Meanings: Possessing Hands/Trunk or Elephant-related, Proper Names: Persons named Hastin.

- **Etymology:** E. हस्त a trunk, and इनि aff — E. hasta a trunk, and ini aff
- **SLP1:** `hastin`  **IAST:** hastin  **Devanagari:** हस्तिन्
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastin
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/hastin/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Elephant-related Terminology: Compounds for Parts, People, Actions, etc. (14 definitions)
- a superintendent of elephants  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अध्यक्षः (adhyakṣaḥ) a superintendent of elephants
- an elephant driver or rider  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — आरोहः (ārohaḥ) an elephant-driver or rider
- 1. An elephant-killer. 2. A man.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — घ्नः (ghnaḥ) 1 an elephant-killer. 2 a man
- an elephant-driver  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — चारिन् (cārin) m. an elephant-driver
- 1. The tusk of an elephant. 2. A peg projecting from a wall.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — दंतः (daṃtaḥ) 1 the tusk of an elephant. 2 a peg projecting from a wall. (
- 1. Ivory. 2. A radish.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — तं (taṃ) ) 1 ivory. 2 a radish
- an elephant driver or rider  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — पः, - पकः (paḥ, -pakaḥ) an elephant-driver or rider; इति घोषयतीव (iti ghoṣayatīva) डिंडिमः करिणो हस्तिपकाहतः क्वणन् (ḍiṃḍimaḥ kariṇo hastipakāhataḥ kvaṇan) Hitopadeśa (Nirṇaya Sāgara Edition) 2. 86
- the fluid flowing from the temples of an elephant in rut  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मदः (madaḥ) the ichor issuing from the temples of an elephant in rut
- a herd of elephants  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — यूथः, - थं (yūthaḥ, -thaṃ) a herd of elephants
- the splendour or magnificence of an elephant  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — वर्चसं (varcasaṃ) the splendour or magnificence of an elephant
- 1. An elephant driver. 2. A hook for driving elephants.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — वाहः (vāhaḥ) 1 an elephant-driver. 2 a hook for driving elephants
- a collection of six elephants  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — षङ्गवं (ṣaṅgavaṃ) a collection of six elephants
- elephant bathing  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — स्नानं (snānaṃ) = गजस्नानं (snānaṃ) (gajasnānaṃ) q. v.; अवशेंद्रियचित्तानां (avaśeṃdriyacittānāṃ) हस्तिस्नानमिव क्रिया (hastisnānamiva kriyā) Hitopadeśa (Nirṇaya Sāgara Edition) 1. 18
- an elephant's trunk  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — हस्तः (hastaḥ) an elephant's trunk. [ ID=31344 ]

### Adjectival Meanings: Possessing Hands/Trunk or Elephant-related (9 definitions)
- having hands, or clever and dexterous with the hands  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 1295,3] हस्तिन् (hastin) mfn. having hands, clever or dexterous with the h°, RV.; AV. [ ID=262431 ]
- riding an elephant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > having (or sitting on) an el°, MārkP. [ ID=262433 ]
- Having hands  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 1169-a ] हस्तिन् (hastin) a. ( नी (nī) f. ) [ हस्तः (hastaḥ) शुंडादंडोऽस्त्यस्य इनि (śuṃḍādaṃḍo'styasya ini) ] 1 Having hands
- 1. Having a trunk. 2. An elephant.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 1169-a ] हस्तिन् (hastin) a. ( नी (nī) f. ) [ हस्तः (hastaḥ) शुंडादंडोऽस्त्यस्य इनि (śuṃḍādaṃḍo'styasya ini) ] 2 Having a trunk. — m. An elephant; Manusmṛti 7. 96, 12. 43; (elephants are said to be of four kinds; भद्र, मंद्र, मृग (bhadra, maṃdra, mṛga), and मिश्र (miśra) )
- 1. Having hands or skillful. 2. An elephant.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 376-3 ] हस्तिन् (hastin) hast-ín, V. a. having hands, defthanded; w. mṛga, m. animal with the hand (= trunk), oldest term for elephant ( RV., AV. ); m. ( V., C. ) elephant; N. ( C. ): ( in ) -ī, f. female elephant ( V., C. ); a certain class of women in erotics ( C. ). [ ID=20465 ]
- 1. Having hands. 2. Having a trunk.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 830-03 ] हस्तिन् (hastin) (I) a. (f. नी (nī) ) 1. Having hands; 2. having trunk. [ ID=43134 ]
- 1. Having hands. 2. An elephant. 3. Name of an ancient king.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 660 ] हस्तिन् (hastin) a. = हस्तवन्त् (hastavant); m. ( ± मृग (±mṛga) ) elephant ( f. ° नी (°nī) ), N. of an ancient king. [ ID=39550 ]
- 1. Having hands. 2. An elephant. 3. Name of an ancient king.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 285-b ] hastín, a. having hands; w. mṛgá, the beast with the hand, i. e. trunk, Vedic designation of the elephant; as m. elephant; Hastin, name of an ancient king. [ hasta, q. v. ] [ ID=4887 ]
- having hands or a trunk, an elephant, the name of a son of King Suhotra, and a kind of plant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 1169-a ] Hastin, ī, inī, i, having hands, having a trunk; ( ī ), m. an elephant, (four kinds of elephants are specified, each characterized by particular marks; see bhadra, mandra, mṛga, miśra; some give ki- liñja-hastin, a traw elephant, effigy of an elephant made of grass); N. of a son of king Su-hotra (a prince of the Lunar race, described in Viṣṇu-Purāṇa IV. 19. as founder of Hastinā-pura); a kind of plant, = Page1169-b+ 81 aja-modā; (inī), f. a female elephant; a woman of a particular class (one of the four into which females are divided; a woman of this class is de- scribed as having thick lips, thick hips, thick fingers, large breasts, dark complexion, and libidinous ap- petite); a kind of drug and perfume. —Hasti-kak- ṣya, as, m. a lion; a tiger. —Hasti-kanda, as, m. a kind of tree or bulbous plant (described as a sort of Arum, = gaja-kanda ). —Hasti-karañja, as, m. a kind of tree (= mahā-karañja). —Hasti-karṇa, as, m. ‘elephant-eared,’ the castor-oil tree (also the red kind); a kind of Palāśa tree; another tree or bulbous plant ( = hasti-kanda ); a particular class of semi-divine beings (forming one of the gaṇa-devatā, q. v.); N. of a district. —Hasti-karṇaka, as, m. a kind of Palāśa tree. —Hastikarṇa-dala, as, m. a sort of Palāśa tree. —Hasti-koli, is, m. a sort of jujube. —Hasti-giri, is, m. the city and district of Kāñcī, q. v. —Hasti-ghaṭa, N. of the seventh book of the Śata-patha-Brāhmaṇa. —Hasti-ghoṣā or hasti-ghoṣātakī, f. a kind of creeper (= aibhī, mahā-kośātakī). —Hasti-ghna, as, m. an elephant- killer; a man. —Hasti-cārin, ī, m. an elephant- driver; ( iṇī ), f. a kind of tree (= mahā-karañja). —Hasti-danta, as, m. the tusk of an elephant; a radish; a pin or peg projecting from a wall; ( am ), n. ivory; a radish. —Hasti-dantaka, am, n. a radish. —Hastidanta-phalā, f. a kind of cucumber (= ervāru). —Hasti-dvayasa, as, ī, am (Gram. 80. XX), as high or as big as an elephant, elephantine. —Hasti-nakha, am, n. ‘elephant's nail,’ a sort of turret or raised mound of earth or masonry protecting the access to the gate of a city or fort, (it is described as furnished with an inner staircase, and affording means for discharging arrows &c. at an enemy.) —Hasti- pa or hastipaka, as, m. an elephant-driver, ele- phant-rider; an elephant-keeper. —Hasti-pattra, as, m. = hasti-kanda. —Hasti-parṇikā, f. a kind of plant (= rāja-kośātakī). —Hasti-parṇī, f. a kind of plant ( = moraṭā ); a sort of gourd (= kar- kaṭī). —Hasti-pāda, as, ā or ī, am, elephant- footed. —Hasti-pāla, as, m., N. of a king. —Hasti- pṛṣṭhaka, am, n. the back of an elephant. —Hasti-mada, as, m. the ichor or exudation from an elephant's temples when in rut. —Hasti-malla, as, m., N. of Airāvata (Indra's elephant); of Ga- ṇeśa; of Śaṅkha (the eighth of the chief Nāgas or serpents of Pātāla); a heap of ashes; a shower of dust; frost, cold. —Hasti-mātra, as, ī, am, as great as an elephant. —Hasti-yūtha, am, n. a herd of elephants. —Hasti-rāja, as, m. the king or chief of elephants. —Hasti-rohaṇaka, as, m. a kind of tree (= mahā-karañja). —Hasti-lodhraka, as, m. the Lodhra tree. —Hasti-vadha or hasti-badha, as, m. the killing of an elephant (especially by a lion, which incurs the guilt of murder, whilst others carry off the spoils, such as the tusks and the pearls said to be found in the head). —Hasti-varcasa, am, n. the magnificence of an elephant. —Hasti-vāha, as, m. an elephant-driver; a hook for driving elephants. —Hasti-viṣāṇī, f. the Kadalī tree. —Hasti-vai- dyaka, N. of a work by Vīra-soma. —Hasti-śālā, f. an elephant-stable. —Hasti-śuṇḍa, as, m. or hasti-śuṇḍā, f. an elephant's trunk; ( ā or ī ), f. the shrub Heliotropium Indicum. —Hasti-śyā- māka, as, m. a kind of grain. —Hasti-ṣaḍgava, am, n. a yoke or collection of six elephants, (see ṣaḍ-gava. ) —Hasti-somā, f., N. of a river. —Hasti-snāna, am, n. the washing of an ele- phant. —Hasti-hasta, as, m. an elephant's trunk. —Hasti-hasta-parāmṛṣṭa, as, ā, am, touched or struck by the trunks of elephants. —Hasty-adhy- akṣa, as, m. a superintendent or master of ele- phants. —Hasty-aśva-ratha-sambādha, as, ā, am, crowded with carriages, horses, and elephants. —Hasty-āyurveda, as, m. a work on the treat- ment of elephants' diseases. —Hasty-āroha, as, m. an elephant-rider, elephant-driver. [ ID=54030 ]

### Proper Names: Persons named Hastin (8 definitions)
- Name of a son of Dhritarashtra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a son of Dhṛta-rāṣṭra, MBh. [ ID=262437 ]
- a son of Suhotra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Suhotra, (a prince of the Lunar race, described as founder of Hastinā-pura), ib.; VP. [ ID=262438 ]
- a son of Brihatkshatra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Bṛhat-kṣatra, BhP. [ ID=262439 ]
- a son of Kuru  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Kuru, Śatr. [ ID=262440 ]
- a son of the elder Dhritarashtra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 320-1 ] Hastin 1, a son of the elder Dhṛtarāṣṭra. § 154 (Pūruvaṃś.): I, 94, 3747 (the second son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra). [ ID=4442 ]
- a son of Suhotra who founded Hastinapura  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Hastin 2, a son of Suhotra. § 156 (Pūruvaṃś.): I, 95, ††3787 (son of Suhotra and Suvarṇā, founded Hāstinapura); ††3788 (married Yaśodharā and begat with her Vikuṇṭhana). [ ID=4443 ]
- A mythological son of Brihadkshatra and father of Ajamidha and two other sons.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 3-762 ] Hastin (I) — a son of Bṛhadkṣatra, (Suhotra- Vā. P. ). After him came Hastināpura. 1 Father of Ajāmīḍha and two other sons. 2 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. IX. 21. 20-21; Vā. 99. 165; Vi. IV. 19. 28; M. 49. 42.] [ Footnote: 2) Vi. IV. 19. 29.] [ ID=17325 ]
- A son of Vasishtha and a Prajapati of the Svarocisha epoch.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Hastin (II) — a son of Vasiṣṭha and a Prajāpati of the Svārociṣa epoch. M. 9. 9. [ ID=17326 ]

### The Elephant (Male) (8 definitions)
- an elephant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (with मृग (mṛga), ‘the animal with a h° (°) i.e. with a trunk’, an elephant; cf. दन्तह् (dantah) ° (°) ), ib. [ ID=262432 ]
- an elephant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) m. an elephant (four kinds of el° (°) are enumerated; see भद्र (bhadra), मन्द्र (mandra), मृग (mṛga), मिश्त्र (miśtra); some give किलिञ्ज - ह् (kiliñja-h) ° (°), ‘a straw el° (°) ’, ‘effigy of an el° (°) made of grass’), AV. &c. &c. [ ID=262434 ]
- 1. An elephant. 2. A female elephant. 3. A type of woman of low stature, corpulent habits, curly hair, dark complexion, libidinous appetite, and furious passions. 4. A drug and perfume.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्त (hasta) िन् (hastin) [Printed book page 972 ] हस्त (hasta) िन् (hastin) m. ( - स्ती (-stī) ) An elephant. f. ( - नी (-nī) ) 1 A female elephant. 2 A female; one of the four kinds into which they are classed, and described as of low stature, corpulent habits, curly hair, dark complexion, libidinous appetite, and furious passions. 3 A drug and perfume; also हट्टविस्नासिनी (haṭṭavisnāsinī). E. हस्त (hasta) a trunk, and इनि (ini) aff. [ ID=44126 ]
- 1. An elephant. 2. A particular type of woman. 3. A drug and perfume.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 897-b ] हस्तिन् (hastin) ( स्ती ) ((stī)) 5. m. An elephant. f. ( नी (nī) ) Idem; kind of woman; a drug and perfume. [ ID=43951 ]
- An elephant  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) (II) m. An elephant, M. iv.120, iii.162; (four kinds of elephants are enumerated, viz., भद्र (bhadra), मंद्र (maṃdra), मृग (mṛga) and मिश्र (miśra) ). [ ID=43135 ]
- 1. An elephant. 2. A female elephant. 3. A type of woman of low stature, corpulent build, and passionate nature. 4. A drug and perfume. 5. Having hands. 6. Having a trunk.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्त (hasta) िन् (hastin) [Printed book page 831-a ] हस्त (hasta) िन् (hastin) m. ( - स्ती (-stī) ) An elephant, (four kinds of elephants are enumerated, viz:— भद्र, मन्द, मृग (bhadra, manda, mṛga) and मिश्र (miśra).) f. ( - नी (-nī) ) 1. A female elephant. 2. A female; one of the four kinds into which they are classed, and described as of low stature, corpulent habits, curly hair, dark complexion, libidinous appetite, thick lips, thick hips, thick fingers, large breasts and furious passions. 3. A drug and perfume; also हट्टविलासिनी (haṭṭavilāsinī). f. ( - नी (-nī) ) Adj. 1. Having hands. 2. Having a trunk. E. हस्त (hasta) a trunk, and इनि (ini) aff. [ ID=46786 ]
- 1. An elephant. 2. A female elephant. 3. A class of women. 4. A drug and perfume.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 1110-a ] हस्तिन् (hastin) hastin, i.e. hasta + in, I. m. An ele- phant, Hit. i. d. 17, M.M. II. f. nī. 1. A female elephant. 2. A class of women. 3. A drug and perfume. — Comp. Gandha-, m. a kind of elephant (in rut?), Rām. 5, 73, 26. Jala-, m. a large aquatic animal (the crocodile ?), Pañc. 51, 9. [ ID=17055 ]
- An elephant.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > हस्तिन् (hastin) [Printed book page 2-501 ] Hastin, ‘having a hand,’ with Mṛga, ‘beast,’ denotes in the Rigveda 1 and the Atharvaveda 2 the ‘elephant.’ Later the adjective alone comes to mean ‘elephant.’ 3 The animal was famed for its strength 4 as well as its virility. 5 It is mentioned with man and monkey as one of the beasts that take hold by the hand ( hastādāna ), as opposed to those that take hold by the mouth ( mukhādāna ). 6 It was tamed, as the expression Hastipa, ‘elephant-keeper,’ shows, and tame elephants were used to catch others (see Vāraṇa ). But there is no trace of its use in war, though Ktesias and Megasthenes both record such use for Page2-502+ 46 their times. 7 The Atharvaveda 8 alludes to its being pestered by mosquitoes. [ Footnote: 1) i. 64, 7; iv. 16, 14.] [ Footnote: 2) xii. 1, 25. Elsewhere Hastin is used alone: iii. 22, 3; iv. 36, 9; vi. 38, 2; 70, 2; xix. 1, 32.] [ Footnote: 3) Taittirīya Saṃhitā, v. 5, 11, 1; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā, iii. 14, 8; Vāja- saneyi Saṃhitā, xxiv. 29; Pañcaviṃśa Brāhmaṇa, vi. 8, 8; xxiii. 13, 2; Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, iv. 1, 14; v. 31, 2; vi. 27, 2; Satapatha Brāhmaṇa, iii. 1, 3, 4, etc.; Chāndogya Upaniṣad, vii. 24, 2 (coupled with gold), etc.; Jaiminīya Upaniṣad Brāhmaṇa, iii. 22, 1.] [ Footnote: 4) Rv. loc. cit.; Av ii. 22, 1, 3.] [ Footnote: 5) Av. iii. 22, 6; vi. 70, 2.] [ Footnote: 6) Taittirīya Saṃhitā, vi. 4, 5, 7; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā, iv, 5, 7.] [ Footnote: 7) Von Schroeder, Indiens Literatur und Cidtur, 434.] [ Footnote: 8) Av. iv. 36, 9. Cf. Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, 80.] [ ID=3796 ]

### Flora: Plants and Plant Products named with 'Hastin' or 'Hasti-' (3 definitions)
- a kind of plant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of plant (= अज - मोदा (aja-modā) ), L. [ ID=262436 ]
- the castor-oil plant  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कर्णः (karṇaḥ) the castor-oil plant
- a radish  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — दंतकं (daṃtakaṃ) a radish

### Proper Names: Places (2 definitions)
- Name of Hastinapura  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of Hastinā-pura, L. [ ID=262444 ]
- the city and district of Kanchi  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — गिरिः (giriḥ) the city and district of Kāñcī

### 'Hastin' as Suffix: Chief or Best of its Kind (1 definition)
- the chief or best of its kind  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > ( ifc. ) the chief or best of its kind g. व्याघ्रा (vyāghrā) दि (di) [ ID=262435 ]

### Fauna: Other Animals referred to by 'Hasti-' compounds (1 definition)
- 1. A lion. 2. A tiger.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कक्ष्यः (kakṣyaḥ) 1 a lion. 2 a tiger

### Figurative/Metaphorical Meanings of Compounds (Non-Botanical/Zoological) (1 definition)
- a sort of turret protecting the approach to the gate of a city or fort  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — नखं (nakhaṃ) a sort of turret protecting the approach to the gate of a city or fort

### Hasti-malla: Deities, Mythical Beings, and Other Referents (1 definition)
- 1. Name of Airavata. 2. Name of Ganesha. 3. Name of Shankha, an eighth-rank Naga. 4. A heap of ashes. 5. A shower of dust. 6. Frost.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मल्लः (mallaḥ) 1 N. of Airāvata. 2 of Gaṇeśa. 3 of Śaṅkha, the eighth of the chief Nāgas. 4 a heap of ashes. 5 a shower of dust. 6 frost

### Hastin/Hastinī as a Drug or Perfume (1 definition)
- a kind of drug and perfume  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of drug and perfume (= हट्ट - विलासिनी (haṭṭa-vilāsinī) ), L. [ ID=262442 ]

### Hastinī as a Class of Woman (1 definition)
- a woman of a particular class characterized by thick lips, thick hips, thick fingers, large breasts, dark complexion, and strong sexual passion  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a woman of a partic. class (one of the 4 classes into which women are divided, described as having thick lips, thick hips, thick fingers, large breasts, dark complexion, and strong sexual passion), Siṃhās. [ ID=262443 ]

### Texts or Works related to Elephants (1 definition)
- a work dealing with the treatment of the elephant's diseases  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — आयुर्वेदः (āyurvedaḥ) a work dealing with the treatment of the elephant's diseases

### The Female Elephant (1 definition)
- a female elephant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 1295,3] हस्तिनी (hastinī) ( इनी (inī) ), f. a female elephant, AV. &c. &c. [ ID=262441 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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