# जनक (janaka)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/janaka

जनक (janaka) is a Sanskrit word meaning generating or producing, a father or progenitor, a kind of measure in music, a king of Videha or Mithila, king of Mithila and father of Sita, of another king. Its 30 recorded definitions are grouped into 9 contexts, among them Janaka (m.): Multiple Meanings in One Entry, King Janaka of Videha/Mithilā, Other Individuals Named Janaka / Generic Name.

- **Etymology:** E. जन to be born, and णिच् ण्वुल aff — E. jana to be born, and ṇic ṇvula aff
- **SLP1:** `janaka`  **IAST:** janaka  **Devanagari:** जनक
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janaka
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/janaka/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** जानक (jānaka)

## Meanings by context

### Janaka (m.): Multiple Meanings in One Entry (8 definitions)
- 1. Begetting or producing. 2. A father. 3. A proper name, especially of a king of Videha.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 098-3 ] जनक (janaka) jan-aká, a. begetting; producing; m. father; N. esp. of a king of Videha ( Mithilā ). [ ID=7844 ]
- 1. A father or progenitor. 2. The name of a king of Mithila and father of Sita.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जन (jana) क (janaka) [Printed book page 339 ] जन (jana) क (janaka) m. ( - कः (-kaḥ) ) A father, a progenitor. 2 The name of a king, sovereign of Mithilā, and father of SĪTĀ. E. जन (jana) to be born, and ण्वुल् (ṇvul) aff. [ ID=15798 ]
- 1. A father. 2. A king and father of Sita.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 297-b ] जनक (janaka) ( कः ) ((kaḥ)) 1. m. A father; name of a king, father of Sītā. [ ID=15261 ]
- 1. A father or progenitor. 2. The name of a famous king of Videha.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) (II) m. 1. A father, a progenitor; 2. name of a famous king of Videha. (See App. II.) [ ID=14235 ]
- 1. A father or progenitor. 2. The name of a king of Mithila and father of Sita.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जन (jana) क (janaka) [Printed book page 280-a ] जन (jana) क (janaka) m. ( - कः (-kaḥ) ) A father, a progenitor. 2. The name of a king, sovereign of Mithila, and father of Sita. E. जन (jana) to be born, and णिच् (ṇic) ण्वुल (ṇvula) aff. [ ID=15769 ]
- 1. Causing. 2. A father or producer. 3. A proper name.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 0323-a ] जनक (janaka) jan + aka, I. adj. Causing, MBh. 4, 1456. II. m. 1. A father, Pañc. v. d. 19. 2. A producer, Bhāṣāp. 44. 3. A proper name, Rām. 1, 1, 26. — Comp. Yamunā-, m. the sun. — Cf. O.H.G. kuning; A.S. cyning, king; ϝάναξ. [ ID=5252 ]
- 1. Generating or causing. 2. A father or progenitor. 3. A proper name for several kings.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 180 ] जनक (janaka) a. generating, producing, causing. m. progenitor, father, N. of sev. kings etc. [ ID=10960 ]
- 1. Generating, producing, or causing. 2. A father or progenitor. 3. The proper name of two kings of Videha or Mithila. 4. A mother.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 0337-c ] Janaka, as, ikā, am, generative, generating, be- getting, producing, causing; ( as ), m. a father, a progenitor; N. of two kings of Videha or Mithilā, one a son of Mithi and father of Udāvasu, the other a son of Hrasva-roman and father of Rāma's wife Sītā, who is therefore called Janaka-tanayā, Janaka- nandinī, Janaka-sutā, and Janakātmajā; N. of a disciple of Bhagavat and of several others; ( ās ), m. pl. the descendants of Janaka; ( ikā ), f. a daughter- in-law [cf. jani and janī ]; a mother. —Janaka- kāṇa, as, m. ‘the one-eyed Janaka,’ N. of a man. —Janaka-candra, as, m., N. of several persons. —Janaka-tā, f. or janaka-tva, am, n. generative- ness, productiveness, paternity. —Janaka-bhadra, as, m., N. of a man. —Janaka-rāja, as, m., N. of a man. —Janaka-saptarātra, as, m., N. of a Saptāha. —Janaka-siṃha, as, m., N. of a man. —Janakātmajā (°ka-āt°), f., see above. —Jana- keśvara-tīrtha (°ka-īś°), am, n., N. of a Tīrtha. [ ID=19261 ]

### King Janaka of Videha/Mithilā (7 definitions)
- A king of Videha or Mithila  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > ( oxyt. ) N. of a king of Videha or Mithilā (son of Mithi and father of Udāvasu, R. ), Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title) xi, xiv; Mahābhārata (Title) iii, xii, xiv; Harivaṃśa (Title) 9253 [ ID=76862 ]
- king of Mithila and father of Sita  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of another king of Mithilā (son of Hrasva-roman and father of Sītā), R. [ ID=76863 ]
- A famous king of Videha or Mithila and foster-father of Sita, known for his holiness, wisdom, and later life as an anchorite.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कः (kaḥ) 2 N. of a famous king of Videha or Mithilā, foster-father of Sītā. He was remarkable for his great knowledge, good works, and holiness. After the abandonment of Sītā by Rāma, he became an anchorite-indifferent to pleasure or pain-and spent his time in philosophical discussions. The sage याज्ञवल्क्य (yājñavalkya) was his priest and adviser
- one or more Videha kings in Mithila  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 350-2 ] Janaka, one or more Videha kings in Mithilā. § 11 (Parva- saṅgṛ.): I, 2, 449 ( °syādhvare, all. to Aṣṭāvakrīya (§ 412)).— § 267 (Yamasabhāv.): II, 8, 330 (in the palace of Yama).— § 280 (Bhīmasena): II, 30, 1087 ( Vaidehakañ ca rājānaṃ, vanquished by Bhīmasena on his digvijaya).—§ 309 (Āraṇ- yakap.): III, 2, 66 (some ślokas sung by him are quoted).— § 370 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 84, 8089 ( °sya tu rājarṣeḥ kūpaḥ, a tīrtha).—§ 412 (Aṣṭāvakrīya): III, 132, †10601 ( °sya yajñe ), †10612, †10618 ( yajñaṃ J°sya ), †10619 (do.); [ 133, †10624 ( Janakendraṃ )]; 134, †10672 ( yajñe J°sya ), †10674, †10678, (†10679), 10682, 10684, †10686, †10687 (the events at J.'s sacrifice).—§ 425 (Hanūmad-Bhīmasena- saṃv.): III, 148, 11207 ( sutāṃ Janakarājasya Sītāṃ ).— § 480 (Pativratop.): III, 207, 13706 ( Mithilāṃ J°ena surakṣitāṃ ), 13728, 13729, 13738 (description of J.'s virtuous rule).—§ 525 (Rāmopākhyānap.): III, 274, 15880 ( Videharājaḥ, father of Sītā, the wife of Rāma Dāśarathi).— § 551 (Kīcakavadhap.): IV, 21, 652 ( duhitā J°sya, i.e. Sītā).—§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 27, 970 ( karmaṇaiva hi saṃsiddhim āsthitā J°ādayaḥ ).—§ 623 (Rājadh.): XII, 17, 528 (a gāthā sung by him is quoted (v. 529 = v. 6641)).— § 624 (do.): XII, 18, 538 ( mauṇḍyam āsthitaḥ ), 571 ( J. adopted the life of a mendicant, his discourse with his wife Kausalyā).—§ 631 (do.): XII, 28, 835 ( Vaidehaḥ ), (836) (instructed by Aśman).—§ 641 (do.): XII, 99, 3665 ( Maithilaḥ, battle between J. and Pratardana), 3666; [ 105—6 ( Vaidehaḥ, Kṣemadarśin's relation to J.)].— § 655 (Āpaddh.): XII, 159 α, 5924 (having repressed covetousness, J. attained to heaven).—§ 659 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 177, 6600 ( pratiṣṭhatā mahāraṇyaṃ J°sya niveśanāt, sc. Śuka, cf. §§ 713—14, differently PCR.); 178, 6640 ( Videharājena, an itihāsa sung by J. is quoted (v. 6641 = v. 529)).—§ 668 (do.): XII, 218, 7881 ( Mithilādhipaḥ ).— § 668 b (Pañcaśikhavākya): XII, 218, 7883 ( janadevaḥ, Nīl. and PCR. Janadeva of Janaka's race), 7898, 7899; 219, 7930 ( janadevaḥ ), (7931) (instructed by Pañcaśikha).— § 702 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 291, 10699 (questioned Parāśara); 297, (10861), (10870), (10879), (10891), (10895); 299, 10942 ( Mithilādhipaḥ ), (10943), 10991 (instructed by Purāśara).—§ 705 (do.): XII, 303, 11120 ( Vasiṣṭhasya ca saṃvādaṃ Karāla-Janakasya ca ), 11221, 11223 ( Karāla-J°ḥ ); 306, (11328); 307, 11368; [ 309, †11504 ( Karāla ) ([Karāla-] J. is instructed by Vasiṣṭha)].—§ 707 (do.): XII, 311, 11545 ( Yājñavalkyasya saṃvādaṃ J°sya ca ), 11546 ( Daivarātiḥ ), (11547); 315, (11648); 319, †11833, †11836 ( °nṛpasya ) ( J. Daivarāti is instructed by Yājñavalkya).— § 708 (do.): XII, 320, 11839 ( Pañcaśikhasyeha saṃvādaṃ J°sya ca ), 11840 ( Vaidehaḥ, discourse with Pañcaśikha).— § 709 b (Sulabhā-Janakasaṃv.): XII, 321, 11854 ( °sya saṃvādaṃ Sulabhāyāś ca ), 11855 ( Maithilo J°o nāma Dharma- dhvaja iti śrutaḥ ), 11860, (11871), 11999 ( J.'s discourse with Sulabhā).—§ 713 (Śukakṛti): XII, 326, 12220 ( Mithi- leśvaraṃ ), 12233 ( dharmarājena ); 327, 12260, 12265, 12270 ( Videharājaḥ ), (12274), (12282) (visited by Śuka, whom he instructs).—§ 714 (Śukakṛtya): XII, 328, 12343 ( °rājena ). —§ 718 b (Uñchavṛttyup.): XII, 366, 13937 ( °sya niveśane, Cyavana told the Uñchavṛttyupākhyāna to Nārada).—§ 744 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 45, 2466 ( Sukratuḥ…naptā Vide- harājasya J°sya ).—§ 761 (do.): XIII, 115 δ, 5667 (among the princes who abstained from meat during the month of Kārttika).—§ 775 (do.): XIII, 166 η, 7676.—§ 782 f (Brāhmaṇagītā): The brahman said: King J., who was Page351-a+ 61 desirous of punishing a brahman for an offence, forbade him to dwell within his dominions. The brahman then asked him about the limits of his territories; J.'s understanding at first became clouded, then he said that he failed to find his dominion in the kingdom, in Mithilā, and among his own children; “even this body is not mine, or the whole earth is mine, and as much mine as it is of others; do remain as long as you please.” Asked by the brahman, he explained how he had come to this result, and got rid of the idea of “mine”; “all my acts are for the sake of the gods, P., Bh., and the guests.” The brahman turned out to be Dharma (XIV, 32 ), who described himself as emancipated, and said that J. would enter his soul (XIV, 33 ): XIV, 32, 887 ( brāhmaṇasya saṃvādaṃ J°sya ca ), 888, (894), (901), 911.— § 786 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 41 α, 2843 (attained to success by making gifts). Cf. also the following synonyms:— Aindradyumni : III, 10624. Daivarāti : XII, 11546. Dharmadhvaja : XII, 11855. Karāla, Karālajanaka, q.v. Maithila (“king of Mithilā”): III, 10655; XII, 3664, 3665 ( J° ), 3666 (do.), 3951, †7981, 7983, 11458 (= Karāla- janaka), 11484 (do.), 11556 (= J. Daivarāti), 11684 ( °sattama ), 11688, 11855 ( J° ), 11969, 11980, 12013, 12025, 12042. Mithilādhipa (do.): XII, 7881 ( J° ), 10942 (do.), 11725 (= J. Daivarāti), 11821 (do.). Mithilādhipati (do.): XII, 11818 (= J. Daivarāti). Mithileśvara (do.): XII, 11381 (= Karālajanaka), 11709 (= J. Daivarāti), 11859, 11863. Vaideha, Videharāja. q.v. [ ID=4769 ]
- King of Mithila, founder of Mithila, father of Sita, and father-in-law of Rama  
  *The Purana Index*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 1-622 ] Janaka (I) — (king of Mithīlā) one of the twelve sages who knew the nature of the dharma ordained by Hari. Son of Nimi, born by churning his dead body and hence known Mithila. He was Vaideha, born of a videha. He founded the city of Mithilā. His son was Udāvasu. Father of Sītā. 1 In his sacrifice Yājñavalkya won a prize for learning while Śākalya was humbled for pretended superiority. Father-in- law of Rāma. 2 In the Aśvamedha Yajña of his, Sākalya was Page1-623+ 35 ruined on account of his conceit by taking part in a disputa- tion; Janaka wanted to know the best among the learned assembled and set apart 11,000 crores, much gold, villages and servants to be given as present to him; in the disputa- tion each took part but Yājñavalkya ultimately threw out the challenge. Sākalya questioned this and put to him a number of questions which were all answered. Yājñavalkya in his turn put him a single question, a wrong reply to it inviting instantaneous death; Sākalya agreed, and unable to answer his question, was gathered to his ancestors; 3 told by the sage Asita what the Earth narrated to him about the ignorance of kings who without subduing themselves, try to subdue others. 4 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. VI. 3. 20; IX. 13. 13-14; X. 71. 9; Vā. 89. 2; Vi. IV. 5. 22-4; 13. 103.] [ Footnote: 2) Br. II. 34. 33-68; III. 37. 22; 64. 2;] [ Footnote: 3) Vā. 60. 32-62; 89. 5; Vi. III. 18. 85-90.] [ Footnote: 4) Vi. IV. 24. 127-136.] [ ID=4949 ]
- king of the Videhas and an ally of Balarama  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 1-623 ] Janaka (II) — king of Videhas, and an ally of Balarāma. Welcomed Balarāma to his capital. Bhā. X. 57. 24-26. [ ID=4950 ]
- A king of Videha featured prominently in Vedic literature as a generous ruler and philosopher-sage renowned for his discussions on the nature of Brahman.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 1-271 ] Janaka, king of Videha, plays a considerable part in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 1 and the Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, 2 as well as in the Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa 3 and the Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad. 4 He was a contemporary of Yājñavalkya Vāja- Page1-272+ 50 saneya, 5 of Śvetaketu Āruṇeya, and of other sages. 6 He had become famous for his generosity and his interest in the dis- cussion of the nature of Brahman, as ultimate basis of reality, in the life-time of Ajātaśatru of Kāśi. 7 It is significant that he maintained a close intercourse with the Brahmins of the Kuru-Pañcālas, such as Yājñavalkya and Śvetaketu; for this indicates that the home of the philosophy of the Upaniṣads was in the Kuru-Pañcāla country rather than in the east. There is a statement in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 8 that he became a Brahmin ( brahmā ). This does not, however, signify a change of caste, but merely that in knowledge he became a Brahmin (see Kṣatriya ). Janaka is occasionally mentioned in later texts: in the Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa 9 he has already become quite mythical; in the Śāṅkhāyana Śrauta Sūtra 10 a sapta-rātra or seven nights' rite is ascribed to him. It is natural to attempt to date Janaka by his being a con- temporary of Ajātaśatru, and by identifying the latter with the Ajātasattu of the Pāli texts: 11 this would make the end of the sixth century B.C. the approximate date of Janaka. 12 But it is very doubtful whether this identification can be supported: Ajātaśatru was king of Kāśi, whereas Ajātasattu was king of Magadha, and his only connexion with Kāśi was through his marriage with the daughter of Pasenadi of Kosala. 13 More- over, the acceptance of this chronology would be difficult to reconcile with the history of the development of thought; for it would make the rise of Buddhism contemporaneous with the Upaniṣads, whereas it is reasonably certain that the older Upaniṣads preceded Buddhism. 14 Nor do the Vedic texts know anything of Bimbisāra or Pasenadi, or any of the other princes famed in Buddhist records. Page1-273+ 54 The identification 15 of Janaka of Videha and the father of Sītā is less open to objection, but it cannot be proved, and is somewhat doubtful. In the Sūtras Janaka appears as an ancient king who knew of a time when wifely honour was less respected than later. 16 [ Footnote: 1) xi. 3, 1, 2; 4, 3, 20; 6, 2, 1 et seq. ] [ Footnote: 2) iii. 1, 1; iv. 1, 1; 2, 1; 4, 7; v. 14, 8.] [ Footnote: 3) i. 19, 2 ( Journal of the American Oriental Society, 23, 329); ii. 76 ( ibid., 15, 238).] [ Footnote: 4) iv. 1.] [ Footnote: 5) Satapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 3, 1, 2; 4, 3, 20; Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, loc. cit.; Jaiminīya Brāhmaṇa, loc. cit. ] [ Footnote: 6) Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 6, 2, 1 et seq. ] [ Footnote: 7) Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad, loc. cit.; Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, ii. 1, 1.] [ Footnote: 8) xi. 6, 2, 10.] [ Footnote: 9) iii. 10, 9, 9.] [ Footnote: 10) xvi. 26, 7.] [ Footnote: 11) Vincent Smith, Early History of India, 26 et seq. ] [ Footnote: 12) Hoernle, Osteology, 106.] [ Footnote: 13) Rhys Davids, Buddhist India, 3 et seq. ] [ Footnote: 14) See e.g., von Schroeder, Indiens Literatur and Cultur, 243; Macdonell, Sanskrit Literature, 224; Deussen, Philosophy of the Upaniṣads, 23 et seq.; Keith, Aitareya Āraṇyaka, 25, 29.] [ Footnote: 15) Cf. Weber, Indian Literature, 135; Von Schroeder, op. cit., 189; Mac- donell, op. cit., 214.] [ Footnote: 16) Jolly, Recht und Sitte, 48. Cf. Muir, Sanskrit Texts, 5, 426 et seq.; Max Müller, Ancient Sanskrit Literature, 421 et seq.; Von Schroeder, op. cit., 187-189; Weber, Indische Studien, 1, 175, 231; Oldenberg, Buddha, 31, n., who properly emphasizes the difficulty of attaching much importance to the names of the leaders of the thought of the Upaniṣads.] [ ID=1006 ]

### Other Individuals Named Janaka / Generic Name (4 definitions)
- of another king  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of another king, Rājataraṃgiṇī (Title) i, 98 [ ID=76864 ]
- a disciple of Bhagavata  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a disciple of Bhagavat, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) vi, 3, 20 [ ID=76865 ]
- of several official men  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of several official men, Rājataraṃgiṇī (Title) vii f. [ ID=76866 ]
- a son of Vishakhayupa and father of Nandivardhana  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Janaka (III) — a son of Viśākhayūpa and father of Nan- divardhana. Vi. IV. 24. 5-6. [ ID=4951 ]

### Generator / Producer / Cause (3 definitions)
- generating or producing  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 410,3] जनक (janaka) mfn. ( Pāṇini (Author) vii, 3, 35, Kāś. ) generative, generating, begetting, producing, causing (chiefly ifc. ), Mahābhārata (Title) iv, 1456; VarBṛS.; Bhāṣāp.; Bhpr. [ ID=76859 ]
- Generating, producing, or causing  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 0505-c ] जनक (janaka) a. ( निका (nikā) f. ) [ जन् - णिच् ण्वुल् (jan-ṇic ṇvul) ] Generating, producing, causing; क्लेशजनक (janaka), दुःखजनक (janaka) (kleśajanaka, duḥkhajanaka) &c
- Generating, producing, causing  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > जनक (janaka) [Printed book page 284-01 ] जनक (janaka) (I) a. (f. निका (nikā) ) Generating, producing, causing, e.g. जन्यानां जनक (janaka) ः कालः (janyānāṃ janakaḥ kālaḥ). [ ID=14234 ]

### A Father / Progenitor (2 definitions)
- A father or progenitor  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > जनक (janaka) m. a progenitor, father, Harivaṃśa (Title) 982; Rāmāyaṇa (Title) vi, 3, 45; Pañcat. &c. [ ID=76860 ]
- A father or progenitor.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कः (kaḥ) 1 A father, progenitor

### Descendants / Family of Janaka (2 definitions)
- the descendants of Janaka  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > pl. the descendants of Janaka, Mahābhārata (Title) iii, 10637; Rāmāyaṇa (Title) i; Uttararāma-caritra (Title) i, 16; iv, 9; vi, 42; MārkP. [ ID=76867 ]
- the family of Janaka  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 351-1 ] Janaka, pl. ( °āḥ ), the family of Janaka. § 412 (Aṣṭāva- krīya): III, 133, †10637 ( °ānāṃ variṣṭha, i.e. Janaka). [ ID=4770 ]

### Janikā: A Mother (2 definitions)
- a mother  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 410,3] जनिका (janikā) f. (as in Pāli ) a mother, Divyāvadāna (Title) xviii, 137 [ ID=76868 ]
- a mother  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 1327,2] जनिका (janikā) f. a mother, Divyāv. [ ID=76869.1 sup ]

### Janikā: A Daughter-in-Law (1 definition)
- a daughter-in-law  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a daughter-in-law, W. [ ID=76869 ]

### Musical Measure (1 definition)
- a kind of measure in music  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (in music) a kind of measure [ ID=76861 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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