# काल (kāla)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/kala

काल (kāla) is a Sanskrit word meaning black, dark-colored, or dark-blue, a black or dark-blue colour, the black part of the eye, the Indian cuckoo, the poisonous serpent Coluber Naga, the plant Cassia Sophora. Its 155 recorded definitions are grouped into 11 contexts, among them Time: General Concept, Measurement, and Passage, Deities, Mythological Figures, and Divine Personifications, Flora (Plants, Trees, and Plant Products).

- **Roots:** 3. कल् (3. kal), इ (i), कृ (kṛ)
- **Etymology:** E. कल to count or reckon, &c. in the causal form, अच affix, fem. affix टाप् or ङीष् — E. kala to count or reckon, &c. in the causal form, aca affix, fem. affix ṭāp or ṅīṣ
- **SLP1:** `kAla`  **IAST:** kāla  **Devanagari:** काल
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81la
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/kala/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** काला (kālā), कला (kalā), कल (kala)

## Meanings by context

### Time: General Concept, Measurement, and Passage (35 definitions)
- A fixed point of time or time in general.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 278,1] 2. काल (kāla) अस् (as), m. (√ 3. कल् (kal), ‘to calculate or enumerate’), [ ifc. f( आ (ā) )., Ṛg-veda-prātiśākhya (Title) ], a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general), Atharva-veda (Title) xix, 53 & 54; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title) &c. [ ID=49358 ]
- meal-time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > meal-time (twice a day, hence उभौ कालौ (ubhau kālau), ‘in the morning and in the evening’, Mahābhārata (Title) i, 4623; षष्ठे काले (ṣaṣṭhe kāle), ‘in the evening of the third day’, Mahābhārata (Title); षष्ठा (ṣaṣṭhā) न्न - काल (nna-kāla), ‘one who eats only at the sixth meal-time, i.e. who passes five meals without eating and has no meal till the evening of the third day’, Manu-smṛti (Title) xi, 200; or without अन्न (anna), e.g. चतुर्थ - कालम् (caturtha-kālam), ‘at the fourth meal-time i.e. at the evening of the second day’, Manu-smṛti (Title) xi, 109 ) [ ID=49362 ]
- hour  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > hour (hence षष्ठे काले ' ह्नः (ṣaṣṭhe kāle 'hnaḥ), ‘at the sixth hour of the day, i.e. at noon’, Vikramorvaśī (Title) ) [ ID=49363 ]
- a period of time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a period of time, time of the world (= युग (yuga) ), Rājataraṃgiṇī (Title) [ ID=49364 ]
- 1. A measure of time. 2. Prosody.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > measure of time, prosody, Prātiśākhya (Literary category); Pāṇini (Author) [ ID=49365 ]
- for a certain time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1C) [Printed book page 278,1] कालम् (kālam) ( अम् (am) ), ind. for a certain time ( e.g. महान्तं कालम् (kālam) (mahāntaṃ kālam), for a long time, Pañcatantra (Title) ) [ ID=49371 ]
- constantly, always  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 278,2] नित्य - क् (nitya-k) ° (°), constantly, always, Manu-smṛti (Title) ii, 58 and 73 [ ID=49372 ]
- during a long time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > दीर्घ - क् (dīrgha-k) ° (°), during a long time, Manu-smṛti (Title) viii, 145 [ ID=49373 ]
- in the course of time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1C) [Printed book page 278,2] कालेन (kālena) ( एन (ena) ), ind. instr. in the course of time, Manu-smṛti (Title) ix, 246; Mahābhārata (Title) &c. [ ID=49374 ]
- the same meaning as preceding  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > with गच्छता (gacchatā) id., Viṣṇu-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=49375 ]
- during a long time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > दीर्घेण कालेन (dīrgheṇa kālena), during a long time, Mahābhārata (Title) [ ID=49376 ]
- after a long time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > after a long time, Rāmāyaṇa (Title) i, 45, 40 [ ID=49377 ]
- after a long time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > कालेन महता (kālena mahatā) or बहुना (bahunā) id. [ ID=49378 ]
- from time to time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 1324,3] कालेन कालम् (kālena kālam) from time to time, Divyāvadāna (Title) [ ID=49378.5 ]
- in the course of time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1C) [Printed book page 278,2] कालात् (kālāt) ( आत् (āt) ), ind. abl. in the course of time, Manu-smṛti (Title) viii, 251 [ ID=49379 ]
- of time or of a long time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > कालस्य (kālasya) कालस्य (kālasya) दीर्घस्य (kālasya dīrghasya) or महतः (mahataḥ) id., Manu-smṛti (Title); Mahābhārata (Title) &c. [ ID=49380 ]
- after some time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > कस्य - चित् कालस्य (kasya-cit kālasya), after some time, Mahābhārata (Title) i, 5299; Harivaṃśa (Title) [ ID=49381 ]
- in the course of time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > काले गच्छति (kāle gacchati), in the course of time [ ID=49383 ]
- after some time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > काले याते (kāle yāte), after some time [ ID=49384 ]
- Time  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 2 Time (in general); विलंबितफलैः कालं निनाय स (vilaṃbitaphalaiḥ kālaṃ nināya sa) मनोरथैः (manorathaiḥ) Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 1. 33; तस्मिन्काले (tasminkāle) at that time; काव्यशास्त्रविनोदेन कालो (kāvyaśāstravinodena kālo) गच्छति धीमतां (gacchati dhīmatāṃ) Hitopadeśa (Nirṇaya Sāgara Edition) 1. the wise pass their time &c
- A period or portion of time  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 4 A period or portion of time (as the hours or watches of a day); षष्ठे (ṣaṣṭhe) काले दिवसस्य (kāle divasasya) Vikramorvaśīyam (Bombay) 2. 1; Manusmṛti 5. 153
- The weather.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 5 The weather
- Time considered as one of the nine substances by the Vaisheshikas  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 6 Time considered as one of the nine dravyas by the Vaiśeṣikas
- A measure of time in music or prosody.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 14 A measure of time (in music or prosody)
- 1. An interval. 2. A period of time. 3. Another time or opportunity.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अंतरं (aṃtaraṃ) 1 an interval. 2 a period of time. 3 another time or opportunity. ° आवृत (°āvṛta) a. hidden or concealed in the womb of time. ° क्षम (°kṣama) a. able to bear delay; अकालक्षमा देव्याः शरीरावस्था (akālakṣamā devyāḥ śarīrāvasthā) Kādambarī (Bombay) 263; Śakuntalā (Bombay) 4. ° प्रेक्षिन् (°prekṣin) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 3. 172. ° विषः (°viṣaḥ) an animal venomous only when enraged, as a rat
- knowledge of time and circumstances  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अवबोधः (avabodhaḥ) knowledge of time and circumstances; Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 3. 11
- 1. produced by time 2. fixed or appointed 3. lent or deposited 4. done for a long time  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कृत (kṛta) 1 produced by time. 2 fixed, appointed. 3 lent or deposited. 4 done for a long time. (
- a year  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ग्रांथिः (grāṃthiḥ) a year
- 1. The wheel of time. 2. A cycle. 3. The wheel of fortune or vicissitudes of life.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — चक्रं (cakraṃ) 1 the wheel of time (time being represented as a wheel always moving). 2 a cycle. 3 (hence fig. ) the wheel of fortune, the vicissitudes of life. (
- 1. Due season or appointed time. 2. Time, opportunity, or season. 3. Meal-time. 4. Half a day. 5. Hour. 6. Age or era. 7. Measure or prosody. 8. Time, fate, or the god of death.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) 2. kālá, m. due season, appointed or right time (for d., g., lc., inf., —° ); time; opportunity; season; meal-time ( of which there are two day ); half a day; hour; age, era; measure, prosody; Time, fate; death, god of death; —°, at the right time; in time, gradually; paraḥ kālaḥ, high time ( w. inf. ); kālaṃ kṛ, fix a time for ( lc. ); kālam āsādya, according to circumstances; in. kālena, in due season; in course of time: -gacchatā, as time goes on, in course of time; dīrgheṇa -, mahatā -or bahunā -, after a long time; kenacit -, after some time; tena -, at that time; ab. kālāt, in the long run, in course of time; kālatas, id.; with regard to time; g. dīrghasya or mahataḥ kālasya, after a long time; kasyacit -, after some time; lc. kālé, at the right or appointed time, opportunely; in time = gradually; — prāpte, when the time has come; -gacchati, in course of time; - yāte, after the lapse of some time; -kaśmiṃś cit -, one day; kāle kāle, always at the right time; ṣaṣṭhe —, at the end of the third day: — 'hnaḥ, at the sixth hour of the day, i. e. at noon; pañcaśate —, = after 250 days; ubhau kālau, morning and evening. [ ID=5825 ]
- 1. The black or dark blue color. 2. Time or a period of time. 3. The proper time or occasion. 4. Time as a substance in philosophy. 5. The supreme spirit as the destroyer of the universe. 6. Yama, the god of death. 7. The black part of the eye. 8. The Indian cuckoo. 9. The planet Saturn. 10. An epithet of Shiva. 11. The weather. 12. Destiny or fate. 13. A measure of time in music and prosody. 14. A distiller and seller of spirituous liquor.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) (II) m. 1. The black or dark blue colour; 2. time, काव्यशास्त्रविनोदेन काल (kāla) ो गच्छति धीमताम् (kāvyaśāstravinodena kālo gacchati dhīmatām) Hit. i., R. i.33, Sr.T. 8, M. ix.90; 3. a period of time, M. v.153; 4. the proper time or occasion, R. iii.12, iv.6, xii.69; 5. time considered as one of the nine dravyas by the Vaiśeshikas; 6. the supreme spirit in his capacity as the destroyer of the Universe, काल (kāla) ः काल (kāla) ्या भुवनफलके क्रीडति प्राणिशारैः (kālaḥ kālyā bhuvanaphalake krīḍati prāṇiśāraiḥ) Bhartr. iii.39; 7. Yama, the god of death; 8. the black part of the eye; 9. the Indian cuckoo; 10. the planet Saturn; 11. an epithet of Śiva; 12. the weather; 13. destiny, fate; 14. a measure of time (in music and prosody); 15. a person who distislls and sells spirituous liquor. [ ID=9150 ]
- 1. Due season. 2. Time. 3. Meal-time. 4. A period. 5. Death. 6. Time personified or fate.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 0181-a ] 1. काल (kāla) kāla, m. 1. Due season, Man. 2, 80; instr. kālena, In due season, Man. 9, 246. 2. Time, Man, 1, 24; 7, 183; instr. kālena, and abl. kālāt, In the long run, Pañc. 32, 24; Man. 8, 251; gen. dīrghasya kālasya, After a long time, Nal. 18, 1; kasya cit kālasya, After some time, Śāk. 110, 15. 3. Meal- time; there are two meal-times a day, therefore, ṣaṣṭha kāla, The sixth meal-time = the evening of the third day, MBh. 13, 5175; Rām. 3, 31, 47. 4. A period, Rājat. 5, 73. 5. Death, Bhāg. P. 9, 9, 2. 6. Time personified, fate, MBh. 13, 56; Rām. 6, 70, 35; endowed with the attributes of Yama, the regent of the dead, Rām. 1, 21, 13; 3, 35, 43, etc. — Comp. A-, m. unseasonable- ness, Sund. 2, 31; loc. le, unseasonably, Man. 3, 105. Ādi-, m. beginning of time, Rām. 3, 20, 6. Ṛtu-, m. 1. seasonable time, MBh. 3, 14763. 2. Page0181-b+ 46 time approved for sexual intercourse, Man. 3, 45. Eka-kāla + m, adv. once, Man. 6, 55. Kārya-, m. time of action, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 1809. Kṛta-, I. m. ap- pointed time, Yājñ. 2, 184. II. adj. having waited a certain time, MBh. 2, 1875. Caturtha-kāla + m, adv. at the fourth meal-time, i. e. on the evening of every second day, Man. 11, 109. Tad-kāla + m, adv. instantly, Pañc. 192, 6. Tā- vatkāla + m, i. e. tāvant-, adv. such a long time, MBh. 3, 16889. Tri-, n. 1. past, future, and present time, Bhāg. P. 5, 23, 8. 2. morning, noon, and evening, MBh. 13, 6607. Duṣkāla, i. e. dus-, m. the formidable, all-destroying, time, Rām. 2, 33, 21; a name of Śiva, MBh. 12, 10418. Nitya-kāla + m, adv. continually, Man. 2, 58. Purva(n)-, m. the periodic change of the moon. Prāpta-kāla + m ( vb. āp with pra ), adv. in due season, Pañc. 16, 6. A-prāpta -kāla + m, adv. Out of due season, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 173. Yathā-kāla + m, adv. At the proper time, Man. 2, 39. Sa-kāla + m, adv. Betimes, early in the morn- ing. Sūrya-, m. day. [ ID=3323 ]
- 1. Time or the right time. 2. Opportunity or occasion. 3. Season or mealtime. 4. An hour, age, era, or measure of time. 5. Destiny or fate. 6. Death or the god of death.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > [Printed book page 119 ] 2 काल (kāla) m. time, esp. the right or proper time ( w. gen., dat., loc., inf., or —° (°)); opportunity, case; season, mealtime (twice a day); the half of a day, hour, age, era, measure of time, prosody; time as ruler or destroyer of the world, i.e. destiny, fate; end; death or the god of death. — परः काल (kāla) ः (paraḥ kālaḥ) high time ( w. inf. ). काल (kāla) ं कृ (kālaṃ kṛ) appoint a time for ( loc. ). काल (kāla) े (kāle) न (kālena) in course of time (also ° (°) गच्छता (° (°)gacchatā); काल (kāla) ात् (kālāt) or काल (kāla) तस् (kālatas) ), at times; काल (kāla) े (kāle) न (kālena) दीर्घेण, बहुना (kālena dīrgheṇa, bahunā), or महता (mahatā) (also gen. ) after a long time. कस्य चित्काल (kāla) स्य (kasya citkālasya) after some time. काल (kāla) ° (°) & काल (kāla) े (kāle) in time, at the right or appointed time; (also काल (kāla) े (kāle) गच्छति (kāle gacchati) ) in course of time, little by little. काल (kāla) े (kāle) काल (kāla) े (kāle) (kāle kāle) always in time or at the right time. कस्मिंश्चित्काल (kāla) े (kāle) (kasmiṃścitkāle) one day. — उभौ काल (kāla) ौ (ubhau kālau) morning and evening. षष्ठे काल (kāla) े (kāle) (ṣaṣṭhe kāle) on the sixth half-day i.e. after three days; पन्चशते काल (kāla) े (kāle) (pancaśate kāle) after 250 days. [ ID=7652 ]
- Traditional Hindu divisions of time, ranging from atomic units up to cosmic cycles.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Kāla (VII) — division of time — Paramāṇu defined: 2 Paramāṇus make 1 Aṇu 3 Aṇus make 1 Traṣareṇu 3 Trasareṇus make 1 Truti 100 Truṭis make 1 Vedhas 3 Vedhas make 1 lava 3 lavas make 1 Nimeṣa 3 Nimeṣas make 1 Kṣaṇa 5 Kṣanas make 1 Kāṣṭha 15 Kāṣṭhas make 1 laghu 15 laghus make 1 Nāḍika 2 Nāḍikas make 1 Muhūrta 6 or 7 Nāḍikas make 1 Prahara or Yāma 4 Yāmas make 1 day or night 15 days and nights make 1 Pakṣa 2 Pakṣas make 1 māsa or a day and night for Pitṛs 2 Māsas make 1 Ṛtu Page1-360+ 28 6 months make 1 Ayanam 2 Ayanams make 1 year 1 day of Brahmā make 1 period of 14 Manus 1 night of Brahmā make 1 period of Pralaya 1 Yuga make 5 years. 1 based on Sūrya. 2 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. III. ch. 11 (whole); Br. II. 24. 58; 13. 109; Vā. 50. 179-82; 97. 30-31.] [ Footnote: 2) Vā. 31. 24; 53. 39.] [ ID=2891 ]
- 1. Time. 2. Time as fate.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 1-152 ] Kāla, the generic expression for ‘time,’ first occurs in the Rigveda, 1 where, however, it is used only once, in the late tenth book. It is known to the Atharvaveda, 2 where Kāla has already developed the sense of time as fate. The word is frequent in the Brāhmaṇas, 3 superseding the earlier use of Ṛtu. The more general division of time is into ‘past’ ( bhūta ), ‘present’ ( bhavat ), and ‘future’ ( bhaviṣyat ). 4 For other divisions see Ahan, Māsa, Saṃvatsara. [ Footnote: 1) x. 42, 9.] [ Footnote: 2) xix. 53. 54.] [ Footnote: 3) Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, i. 7, 3, 3; ii. 4, 2, 4; iii. 8, 3, 36; vii. 2, 2, 21, etc.] [ Footnote: 4) E.g., Sāṅkhāyana Āraṇyaka, vii. 20.] [ ID=596 ]

### Deities, Mythological Figures, and Divine Personifications (32 definitions)
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of Śiva [ ID=49028 ]
- an epithet of Rudra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of Rudra, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) iii, 12, 12 [ ID=49029 ]
- a son of Hrada  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Hrada, Harivaṃśa (Title) 189 [ ID=49030 ]
- of the prince Kalayavana  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the prince Kāla-yavana, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) iii, 3, 10 [ ID=49031 ]
- A brother of king Prasenajit  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a brother of king Prasena-jit, Buddhist literature (Literary category) [ ID=49032 ]
- of a future Buddha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a future Buddha [ ID=49033 ]
- an author of Mantras  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of an author of Mantras (= Aśva-ghoṣa), Buddhist literature (Literary category) [ ID=49034 ]
- an epithet of a naga king  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a Nāga-rāja, Buddhist literature (Literary category) [ ID=49035 ]
- belonging to a Rakshasa  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a Rakṣas, Rāmāyaṇa (Title) vi, 69, 12 [ ID=49036 ]
- an enemy of Shiva  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of an enemy of Śiva, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49037 ]
- one of the nine treasures  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of one of the nine treasures, Jaina literature (Literary category) [ ID=49039 ]
- the name of a shakti  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a शक्ति (śakti), Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi (Title) [ ID=49043 ]
- a daughter of Daksha and mother of the Kaleyas or Kalakeyas, a family of Asuras  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a daughter of Dakṣa (the mother of the Kāleyas or Kālakeyas, a family of Asuras), Mahābhārata (Title) i, 2520; Harivaṃśa (Title) [ ID=49044 ]
- an epithet of Durga  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of Durgā, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49045 ]
- one of the seven tongues or flames of fire  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > one of the seven tongues or flames of fire, Muṇḍaka-upaniṣad (Title) i, 2, 4 [ ID=49055 ]
- a form of Durga  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a form of Durgā, Mahābhārata (Title) iv, 195; Harivaṃśa (Title); Kumāra-sambhava (Title) [ ID=49056 ]
- one of the divine mothers  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > one of the Mātṛs or divine mothers, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49057 ]
- Name of a female evil spirit  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a female evil spirit (mother of the Kālakeyas), Harivaṃśa (Title) 11552 [ ID=49058 ]
- one of the sixteen Vidyadevis  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > one of the sixteen Vidyā-devīs, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49059 ]
- 1. The name of Satyavati, wife of king Shantanu and mother of Vyasa. 2. According to other legends, the name of the wife of Bhimasena and mother of Sarvagata.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of Satyavatī, wife of king Śāntanu and mother of Vyāsa or Kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyana (after her marriage she had a son Vicitra-vīrya, whose widows were married by Kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyana, and bore to him Dhṛta-rāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu, Mahābhārata (Title); Harivaṃśa (Title); according to other legends Kālī is the wife of Bhīmasena and mother of Sarvagata, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) ) [ ID=49060 ]
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 13 N. of Śiva
- Supreme being  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कालः (kālaḥ) Supreme being
- the sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — तः (taḥ) ) the sun
- an epithet of the sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — क्रः (kraḥ) ) an epithet of the sun
- lord, protector, or master  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — नाथः (nāthaḥ)
- Shiva  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — निधिः (nidhiḥ) Śiva
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — हरः (haraḥ) an epithet of Śiva
- 1. The sun. 2. An epithet of Shiva. 3. An epithet of Vishnu.  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 373-2 ] Kāla 2 = Sūrya (the Sun): III, 146.—Do. 3 = Śiva (1000 names 1—2 ).—Do. 4 = Viṣṇu (1000 names). [ ID=5108 ]
- 1. Time as a phase of the Universal Spirit. 2. The lord of creation and destruction who is fearful to look at. 3. The controller that makes and unmakes all things.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 1-358 ] Kāla (I) — time as the phase of the Universal Spirit. 1 Is Īśvara, and only rūpabheda. 2 Lord of creation and des- truction; fearful to look at. 3 Vanquished by Kṛṣṇa; 4 makes and unmakes things by keeping all things under control. 5 Page1-359+ 32 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. I. 6. 4; 11. 6; 13. 45; II. 10. 43; VIII. 17. 27.] [ Footnote: 2) Ib. III. 12. 12; 29. 4, 37 & 45; X. 51. 19.] [ Footnote: 3) Ib. IV. 12. 3; Vā. 32. 11, 22.] [ Footnote: 4) Bhā. III. 3. 10; Br. III. 3. 82; Vā. 32. 29.] [ Footnote: 5) Vi. V. 38. 55-64.] [ ID=2885 ]
- 1. A son of Dhanva. 2. A Vasava. 3. A Visvedeva.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Kāla (III) — a son of Dhanva; a Vasava; a Viśvedeva. Br. III. 3. 23, 30; M. 5. 23; 203. 4; Vā. 66. 21, 31; Vi. I. 15. 111. [ ID=2887 ]
- a Bhairava god  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Kāla (IV) — a Bhairva god. Br. IV. 20. 82. [ ID=2888 ]
- one from Brahman  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Kāla (V) — one from Brahman; see also Avyakta. Vi. I. 2. 14, 15 and 27. [ ID=2889 ]

### Flora (Plants, Trees, and Plant Products) (18 definitions)
- the plant Cassia Sophora  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the plant Cassia Sophora, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49024 ]
- a red kind of Plumbago  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a red kind of Plumbago, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49025 ]
- the resin of the plant Shorea robusta  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the resin of the plant Shorea robusta, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49026 ]
- the name of several plants  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 277,1] काला (kālā) f. N. of several plants ( Indigofera tinctoria, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); Piper longum, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); (perhaps) Ipomoea atropurpurea, Suśruta (Title); Nigella indica, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); Rubia Munjista, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); Ruellia longifolia, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); Physalis flexuosa, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author); Bignonia suaveolens, Bhāvaprakāśa (Title) ) [ ID=49041 ]
- the fruit of the Kala plant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the fruit of the Kālā g. हरीतक्य् - आदि (harītaky-ādi) [ ID=49042 ]
- the plant Kalanjani  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the plant Kālāñjanī, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49051 ]
- Ipomoea Turpethum  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Ipomoea Turpethum, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49052 ]
- Bignonia suaveolens  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Bignonia suaveolens, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49054 ]
- a black kind of Agallochum  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 277,1] काल (kāla) n. a black kind of Agallochum, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49062 ]
- a kind of perfume  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of perfume ( कक्कोलक (kakkolaka) ), Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49063 ]
- The name of several plants.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ला (lā) 1 N. of several plants
- 1. A kind of aloe wood or sandal tree. 2. The wood of this tree.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अगरु (agaru) n. a kind of sandal tree, black kind of aloe; Bhāminīvilāsa (Bombay) 1. 70, Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 4. 81. ( — n. ) the wood of that tree; Ṛtusaṃhāra (Bombay) 4. 5; 5. 5
- a small shrub used as a purgative  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — नी (nī) ) a small shrub used as a purgative
- following  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अनुसारिः (anusāriḥ)
- benzoin  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अनुसारिन्, - अनुसारिवा, - अनुसार्यः, - र्यकः (anusārin, -anusārivā, -anusāryaḥ, -ryakaḥ) benzoin
- a yellow sort of sandalwood  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — रं (raṃ) ) a yellow sort of sandal wood
- the Tamala tree  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — स्कंदः (skaṃdaḥ) the Tamāla tree
- 1. Iron. 2. A kind of perfume.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) (III) n. 1. Iron; 2. a kind of perfume. [ ID=9151 ]

### Black or Dark Blue Color and Associated Entities (17 definitions)
- black, dark-colored, or dark-blue  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 277,1] 1. काल (kāla) mf( ई (ī), Pāṇini (Author) iv, 1, 42 )n. ( fr. √ 3. कल् (kal) ?), black, of a dark colour, dark-blue, Mahābhārata (Title); Rāmāyaṇa (Title) &c. [ ID=49019 ]
- a black or dark-blue colour  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > काल (kāla) m. a black or dark-blue colour, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49020 ]
- the black part of the eye  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the black part of the eye, Suśruta (Title) [ ID=49021 ]
- black color, ink, or blacking  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 277,1] काली (kālī) a f. black colour, ink or blacking, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49046 ]
- a row or succession of black clouds  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a row or succession of black clouds, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49048 ]
- the name of a river  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (with or without गङ्गा (gaṅgā) ) N. of a river [ ID=49061 ]
- Black, of a dark or dark-blue colour  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 0399-a ] काल (kāla) a. ( ली (lī) f. ) 1 Black, of a dark or dark-blue colour
- The black or dark-blue colour  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 1 The black or dark-blue colour
- The black part of the eye  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 10 The black part of the eye
- a sort of collyrium  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अंजनं (aṃjanaṃ) a sort of collyrium; Kumārasambhava (Bombay) 7. 20, 82. (
- lame  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — खंजं (khaṃjaṃ)
- the liver  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — खंजनं, - खंडं (khaṃjanaṃ, -khaṃḍaṃ) the liver
- 1. Dark blue or black. 2. The black of the eye. 3. An epithet of Shiva.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 067-2 ] काल (kāla) 1. kāla, a. ( ī ) dark blue, black; m. the black in the eye; ep. of Śiva. [ ID=5824 ]
- Black, of a dark or dark blue color  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 185-08 ] काल (kāla) (I) a. (f. ली (lī) ) Black, of a dark or dark blue colour. [ ID=9149 ]
- 1. Dark blue or black. 2. A black and poisonous snake. 3. The black in the eye. 4. A name of Rudra. 5. A proper name. 6. The name of a mountain. 7. The name of several plants. 8. A proper female name. 9. The name of a female demon. 10. A name of Durga. 11. A surname of Satyavati.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > [Printed book page 0181-b ] 2. काल (kāla) kāla ( cf. kalaṅka ), I. adj., f. lī, Dark blue, black, Rām. 6, 67, 2; MBh. 16, 57. II. m. 1. A black and poisonous snake, Coluber naga, Lass. 16, 13. 2. The black in the eye, Suśr. 2, 336, 20. 3. A name of Rudra, Bhāg. P. 3, 12, 12. 4. A proper name, Hariv. 189. 5. The name of a mountain, Rām. 4, 44, 21. III. f. lā. 1. The name of several plants, Suśr. 1, 131, 19, etc. 2. A proper name, MBh. 1, 2520. 3. The name of a female demon, Hariv. 11552. IV. f. lī. 1. A name of Durgā, MBh. 4, 195. 2. A surname of Satyāvatī, Chr. 6, 1. — Comp. Bhadra-kālī, f. 1. a name of Durgā. 2. a fragrant grass, Cyperus. Mahā-, I. m. a name of Śiva. II. f. lī, Durgā. — Cf. κελαινός, etc., under kalaṅka. [ ID=3324 ]
- 1. Dark-blue or black. 2. The black part of the eye. 3. An epithet of Rudra-Shiva and Durga.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 118 ] 1 काल (kāla) f. ई (ī) dark-blue, black, m. the black part of the eye, E. of Rudra-Śiva; N. of sev. kings etc., also = काल (kāla) सर्प (kālasarpa) q.v.; f. ई (ī) E. of Durga etc. [ ID=7651 ]
- black, of a dark colour, especially dark-blue  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 0224-b ] काल (kāla) 1. kāla, as, ī, am (fr. rt. 3. kal?; for 2. kāla, ‘time,’ see next page), black, of a dark colour, especially dark-blue which is often confounded with black; ( as ), m. a black or dark-blue colour; the black part of the eye; the Indian cuckoo; the poi- sonous serpent, Coluber Naga ( = kāla-sarpa ); the plant Cassia Sophora; a plant, a red kind of plum- bago; the resin of the plant Shorea Robusta; the planet Saturn; an epithet of Śiva; also of Rudra; N. of a son of Hrada; also of a prince; also of a brother of king Prasena-jit; also of a future Buddha; also of a Nāga-rāja; of a Rakṣas; of an enemy of Śiva; N. of a mountain; (with the Jainas) N. of one of the nine treasures; a mystical name for the letter m; (ā), f., N. of several plants, Indigofera Tinctoria; Piper Longum; a plant nearly related to Ipomœa Turpethum, perhaps Ipomœa Atropurpurea; Nigella Indica; Rubia Munjista; Ruellia Longifolia; Physalis Flexuosa; Bignonia Suaveolens; the fruit of the Kālā (?); N. of a daughter of Dakṣa, the mother of the Kāleyas or Kālakeyas (a family of Asuras); an epithet of Durgā; ( ī ), f. black colour, ink or black- ing; abuse, censure, defamation; a row or succession of black clouds; night; a worm or animalcule gene- rated in the acetous fermentation of milk, = kṣīra- kīṭa and kṣāra-kīṭa; N. of several plants, = kā- lāñjanī; another plant, Cajanus Indicus; Ipomœa Turpethum; Bignonia Suaveolens; one of the seven tongues or flames of fire; a form of Durgā; one of the Mātṛs or divine mothers; N. of a female evil spirit, mother of the Kālakeyas; one of the sixteen Vidyādevīs; an epithet of Śatyavatī, the wife of king Śāntanu and mother of Vyāsa or Kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyana, but before her marriage. (After her marriage she had a son called Vicitra-vīrya, whose widows were married by Kṛṣṇa-dvaipāyana and bore to him Dhṛta-rāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu; according to other legends Kālī is the wife of Bhīma-sena and mother of Sarva- gata); N. of a river, otherwise kālā gaṅgā; (am), n. a black kind of Agallochum; a kind of perfume ( = kakkolaka ); iron; [cf. Gr. κηλίς, κελαινός Lat. caligo.] —Kāla-kacu, us, f. the plant Arum Colocasia. —Kāla-kaṇṭaka, as, m. a gallinule; [cf. the next.] —Kāla-kaṇṭha, as, m., N. of several birds, a peacock; a water fowl, a gallinule; a wag- tail; a sparrow; the plant Terminalia Tomentosa, = pītaśāla and pītasāra; an epithet of Śiva; [cf. nīla-kaṇṭha. ] —Kāla-kaṇṭhaka, as, m. a gallinule. —Kāla-kandaka, as, m. a water-snake. —Kāla- karṇikā or kāla-karṇī, f. misfortune (predicted as the consequence of having black ears). —Kāla-kalāya, as, m. dark pulse, Phaseolus Max. —Kāla-kastūrī, f. the plant Hibiscus Abelmoschus, the seeds smelling of musk when rubbed. —Kāla-kīrti, is, m., N. of a king identified with the Asura Suparṇa. —Kāla-kuṣṭha, as, m. a kind of earth brought from mountains; [cf. kaṅkuṣṭha. ] —Kāla-koṭi, is, f., N. of a region. —Kāla-klītaka, am, n. the indigo plant. —Kāla- khañja, ās, m. pl. = kālakañja, perhaps only a wrong reading; ( am ), n. the liver. —Kāla-khañjana, am, n. the liver. —Kāla-khaṇḍa, am, n. the liver. —Kāla-gaṅgā, f., N. of a river in Ceylon. —Kāla- gaṇḍikā, f., N. of a river. —Kāla-gandha, as, m. a kind of Cobra de Capella, = kāla-kandaka. —Kā- la-ghaṭa, as, m., N. of a Brāhman. —Kāla-joṣaka, ās, m. pl., N. of a people; (a various reading has kālajoṣika. ) —Kāla-tāla, as, m., N. of a plant, = tamāla. —Kāla-tinduka, as, m. a kind of ebony. —Kāla-tīrtha, am, n., N. of a Tīrtha. —Kāla- toyaka, ās, m. pl., N. of a people. —Kāla-dantaka, as, m., N. of a Nāga, a son of Vāsuki. —1. kāla- nara, as, m., N. of a son of Sabhānara, a son of Anu; (for 2. kāla-nara see under 2. kāla. ) —Kāla- nābha, as, m. ( nābha = nābhi ), N. of an Asura, a son of Hiraṇyākṣa; also of a son of Hiraṇya-kaśipu; also of a son of Vipra-citti and Siṃhikā. —Kāla- niryāsa, as, m. a fragrant and resinous exudation Page0224-c+ 81 from the plant Amyris Agallocha. —Kāla-netra, as, ā, am, black-eyed. —Kāla-parṇa, as, m., N. of a tree bearing dark-coloured leaves, Tabernæmontana Coro- naria, commonly called Tagara. —Kāla-parvata, as, m., N. of a mountain. —Kālapātrika, as, m. (fr. kāla-pātra ), a kind of mendicant whose alms-dish is painted black. —Kāla-pālaka, am, n. a kind of earth; [cf. kaṅkuṣṭha, kāla-kuṣṭha. ] —Kāla- pīluka, as, m., N. of a tree; see kupīlu. —Kāla- puccha or kāla-pucchaka, as, m. a species of animal living in marshes. —Kāla-puṣpa, am, n., N. of a plant; see kalāya. —Kāla-pūga, as, m. the black multitude, i. e. the common people (?). —Kāla- pṛṣṭha, as, m. a species of antelope (with a black back); a heron; ( am ), n., N. of the bow of Karṇa; a bow in general. —Kāla-peśī, f., N. of a plant; see śyāmā. —Kāla-bhāṇḍikā, f. the plant Rubia Munjista. —Kāla-masī, f., N. of a river; also called kālamahī. —Kālamāna and kāla-māla, as, m. the plant Ocimum Sanctum, a fragrant pot-herb. —Kāla- mukha, as, m. a kind of monkey; N. of a fabulous people; ( ā ), f., N. of a female. —Kāla-muṣkaka, as, m. the plant Bignonia Indica; see muṣkaka. —Kāla-mūla, as, m., N. of a plant, commonly Rakta-citraka. —Kāla-meśikā or kāla-meṣikā, f. the plant Rubia Munjista; also the plant Ipomœa Atropurpurea (?). —Kāla-meṣī, f., N. of several plants, Vernonia Anthelminthica; Rubia Munjista; and perhaps Ipomœa Atropurpurea. —Kāla-yavana, as, m., N. of a prince of the Yavanas; a tyrannical Asura, the foe of Kṛṣṇa, destroyed by him by a stratagem. —1. kāla-rātri, is or ī, f. a dark night; (for 2. see under 2. kāla. ) —Kāla-lavaṇa, am, n. a kind of black factitious and purgative salt, commonly called viḍ-lavaṇa. —Kāla-locana, as, m., N. of a Daitya. —Kāla-lauha, am, n. iron. —Kāla-vadana, as, m., N. of a Daitya; also called śāla-vadana. —Kā- la-vṛkṣa and kāla-vṛnta, as, m. a kind of vetch, Dolichos Biflorus [cf. kulattha ]; ( ī ), f. the trumpet flower, Bignonia Suaveolens. —Kāla-velā, f. the time of Saturn, a particular time of the day at which any religious act is improper, half a watch in every day. —Kāla-śambara, as, m., N. of a Dānava. —Kāla- śāka, am, n. the pot-herb Ocimum Sanctum. —Kā- la-śāli, is, m. a black sort of rice. —Kāla-śivi, is, m., N. of a man. —Kāla-śaila, as, m., N. of a mountain. —Kāla-saṅkarṣā, f. a girl nine years old, who personates Durgā at a festival in honour of this goddess. —Kāla-sarpa, as, m. the black and most poisonous variety of the Cobra, Coluber Naga. —Kāla-sāra, as, m. the black antelope; ( am ), n. a yellow sort of sandal-wood. —Kāla-skandha, as, m., N. of several plants; a kind of ebony with a dark trunk, Diospyros Embryopteris; the Tamāla, a tree bearing dark blossoms, Xanthochymus Pictorius; another plant, = jīvaka; another, = duṣkhadira; the glomerous fig tree, Ficus Glomerata. —Kālāguru (°la-ag°), u, n. a black kind of aloe wood or Agallo- chum. —Kālāṅga (°la-aṅ°), as, ā, am, having a dark-blue body, as a sword with a dark-blue edge. —Kālājina (°la-aj°), as, m., N. of a people. —Kālāñjana (°la-añ°), am, n. a black unguent; ( ī ), f. a small shrub used as a purgative. —Kālāṇḍaja (°la-aṇ°), as, m. the black bird, an epithet of the Indian cuckoo. —Kālānuśārivā, f., N. of two plants, = tagara; and śītalījaṭā, commonly śīulīchop. —Kālānusāraka (°la-an°), am, n., N. of a tree, = tagara; yellow sandal. —Kālānusāri, is, m. or kālānusārin (°la-an°), ī, m. or kālānusārivā, f. benzoin or benjamin. —Kālānusārya, as, ā, am, m. f. n. gum benjamin or benzoin; ( am ), n. a yellow fragrant wood from which a perfume is pre- pared, sandal-wood (?); N. of a tree, = tagara; (as, am), m. n. the tree Dalbergia Sissoo. —Kālā- nusāryaka, am, n. gum benzoin or benjamin. —Kālāmra (°la-ām°), as, m., N. of a Dvīpa. —Kālāyasa (°la-ayas), am, n. iron. —Kālāyasa- maya, as, ī, am, of iron, consisting of iron. —Kā- lāśoka (°la-aś°), as, m., N. of a Buddhist king. —Kālāsuhṛd (°la-as°), t, m. an enemy of Kāla, epithet of Śiva. —Kāleśvara (°la-īś°), as, m., N. Page0225-a+ 80 of a mountain. —Kālodaka (°la-ud°), am, n., N. of a dark piece of water; N. of an ocean. [ ID=14564 ]

### Time as Fate, Death, and Destruction (15 definitions)
- the end  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the end, Chāndogya-upaniṣad (Title) [ ID=49367 ]
- death by age  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > death by age, Suśruta (Title) [ ID=49368 ]
- Time, destiny, fate  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate, Mahābhārata (Title); Rāmāyaṇa (Title) &c. [ ID=49369 ]
- 1. Time as the destroyer of all things. 2. Death or the time of death.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him: hence काल (kāla) म् - (kālam-) √ इ (√i) or काल (kāla) ं - (kālaṃ-) √ कृ (√kṛ), ‘to die’, Mahābhārata (Title) &c. काल (kāla) in this sense is frequently connected with अन्तक (ntaka) (antaka), मृत्यु (mṛtyu), e.g. अभ्य् - अधावत प्रजाः काल (kāla) इवा (abhy-adhāvata prajāḥ kāla ivā) न्तक (ntaka) ः (ntakaḥ), ‘he attacked the people like Time the destroyer’, Rāmāyaṇa (Title) iii, 7, 9; cf. काल (kāla) ा (kālā) न्तक (ntaka); काल (kāla) personified is also a Devarṣi in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva, Mahābhārata (Title) i, 2585; Harivaṃśa (Title); Viṣṇu-purāṇa (Title) ) [ ID=49370 ]
- No definition available.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1E) [Printed book page 278,2] काल (kāla) [ cf. κήρ; Lat. calen-doe : Hib. ceal, ‘death and everything terrible’.] [ ID=49386 ]
- The Supreme spirit as the destroyer of the universe  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 7 The Supreme spirit regarded as the destroyer of the universe, being a personification of the destructive principle; कालः (laḥ) काल्या (kālaḥ kālyā) भुवनफलके क्रडिति प्राणिशारैः (bhuvanaphalake kraḍiti prāṇiśāraiḥ) Bhartṛhari’s three Śatakas (the figures 1., 2., 3. after Bh. denoting Śṛṅgāraº, Nītiº, and Vairāgyaº) 3. 39
- 1. Yama, the god of death. 2. Death or the time of death.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 8 ( a ) Yama, the god of death; कः कालस्य (kaḥ kālasya) न गोचरांतरगतः (na gocarāṃtaragataḥ) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1. 146. ( b ) Death, time of death
- Fate, destiny  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 9 Fate, destiny
- fire  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अग्निः (agniḥ)
- impurity, incorrectness  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अशुद्धिः (aśuddhiḥ) f
- ceremonial impurity or mourning resulting from a birth or death in the family  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अशौच (aśauca) ं (aśaucaṃ) period of mourning, ceremonial impurity caused by the birth of a child or death of a relation in the family; see अशौच (aśauca). ( pb )
- 1. Black or dark blue. 2. Time. 3. Yama, regent of the dead. 4. Death. 5. A form of Shiva. 6. The planet Saturn. 7. The Indian cuckoo. 8. Cassia fistula. 9. Resin. 10. A red kind of plumbago. 11. Iron. 12. Black agallochum. 13. A vegetable poison. 14. Indigo. 15. A black sort of Teori. 16. Nigella Indica. 17. Madder. 18. An epithet of the goddess Durga. 19. The wife of King Shantanu. 20. A divine mother. 21. A Buddhist female deity. 22. A row of clouds. 23. Ink. 24. A worm found in fermented milk. 25. Censure or abuse. 26. Night. 27. The trumpet flower. 28. A tongue of fire.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) mfn. ( - लः (-laḥ)- ला (-lā)- लं (-laṃ) (-laḥ-lā-laṃ) ) Black, of a dark colour, dark blue especially, which is usually confounded with black. m. ( - लः (-laḥ) ) 1 Time. 2 A name of YAMA, regent of the dead. 3 A black colour. 4 Death. 5 A form of ŚIVA. 6 The planet Saturn. 7 The Koïl. 8 Cassia fistula. 9 Resin. 10 A plant, a red kind of plumbago. n. ( - लं (-laṃ) ) 1 Iron. 2 A black agallochum: see काल (kāla) ीयक (kālīyaka). 3 A vegetable poison, perhaps the fruit of the Cocculus Indicus. f. ( - ला (-lā) ) 1 Indigo, ( Indigofera tinctoria.) 2 A black sort of Tëori. 5 Calonji, ( Nigella Indica.) 4 Madder, ( Rubia manjith.) ( - ला (-lā) or - ली (lī) ) A name of the goddess DURGĀ the wife of ŚIVA. ( - ली (lī) (-lī) ) 1 The wife of ŚANTANU a king. 2 One of the Mātṛs or divine mothers. 3 A female deity of the Bauddhas. 4 A row or succession of clouds. 5 Ink or blacking. 6 A worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk. 7 Abuse, censure, defamation. 8 Night. 9 Trumpet flower. ( Bignonia suave-olens.) 10 One of the seven tongues or flames of fire. E. कल (kala) to count or reckon, &c. in the causal form, अच (aca) affix, fem. affix टाप् (ṭāp) or ङीष् (ṅīṣ). [ ID=10181 ]
- 1. Black or of a dark color. 2. Time. 3. Yama, regent of the dead. 4. Death. 5. A form of Shiva. 6. The planet Saturn. 7. The koel bird. 8. Cassia fistula. 9. Resin. 10. A red kind of plumbago. 11. Iron. 12. Black agallochum. 13. A vegetable poison. 14. Indigo. 15. A black sort of teori. 16. Nigella indica. 17. Madder. 18. An epithet of Durga. 19. A queen and wife of Shantanu. 20. One of the divine mothers. 21. A female deity of the Buddhists. 22. A row or succession of clouds. 23. Ink. 24. A worm generated in fermented milk. 25. Abuse or censure. 26. Night. 27. The trumpet flower. 28. One of the tongues of fire.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) mfn. ( - लः (-laḥ)- ला (-lā)- लं (-laṃ) (-laḥ-lā-laṃ) ) Black, of a dark colour, dark blue especially, which is usually confounded with black. m. ( - लः (-laḥ) ) 1. Time. 2. A name of YAMA, regent of the dead. 3. A black colour. 4. Death. 5. A form of SIVA. 6. The planet Saturn. 7. The Koil. 8. Cassia fistula. 9. Resin. 10. A plant, a red kind of plumbago. n. ( - लं (-laṃ) ) 1. Iron. 2. A black agallochum: see काल (kāla) ीयक (kālīyaka). 3. A vegetable poison, perhaps the fruit of the Cocculus Indicus. f. ( - ला (-lā) ) 1. Indigo, (Indigofera tinctoria.) 2. A black sort of Teori. 3. Calonji, (Nigella Indica.) 4. Madder, (Rubia manjith.) ( - ला (-lā) or - ली (-lī) ) A name of the goddess DURGA the wife ef SIVA. ( - ली (-lī) ) 1. The wife of SANTANU a king. 2. One of the Matris or divine mothers. 3. A female deity of the Bauddhas. 4. A row or succession of clouds. 5. Ink or blacking. 6. A worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk. 7. Abuse, censure, defamation. 8. Night. 9. Trumpet flower, (Bignonia suave-olens.) 10. One of the seven tongues or flames of fire. E. कल् (kal) to count or reckon, &c. in the causal form, अच् (ac) affix, fem. affix टाप् (ṭāp) or ङीष् (ṅīṣ). [ ID=10176 ]
- Time, Death, personified  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 373-1 ] *Kāla (Time, Death, personif.): I, 223 ( °vaśaṃ gataḥ ), 240—4(?) 299, 984 ( °daṇḍopamaṃ ), 1335 ( °a ivāntako 'paraḥ ), 2542 ( °kalpāḥ ), 2585 (son of Dhruva), 5470 ( °rūpadhṛk ), 7669 ( iva ), 8264 ( °daṇḍaṃ Yamaḥ, sc. jagrāha ), 8293 ( °vat ), 8313 ( °hatā iva ); II, 295 (in the palace of Indra), 340 (in the palace of Yama), 1485 ( °syeva jighatsataḥ ), 1651 ( °ena nirmitaḥ ), 2682 ( daṇḍam udyamya ); III, 481 (identified with Kṛṣṇa), 879 ( cakram K°āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 1013 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaḥ ), 1376 ( Antakena ), 1377, 8286 ( nisṛṣṭa iva K°ena yugānte jvalanaḥ ), 10783 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 11494(?), 11500 ( °ānta- kopamaḥ ), 11783 ( °ena…hatāḥ ), 12107 ( °rūpāḥ ), 12389 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 15864, 17314 ( °āntaka-Yamāt ), 17403 (?); IV, 1090 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 1726 ( Arjuna- rūpeṇa samharantam iva prajāḥ ), 2015 ( nadīṃ…yugānte K°nirmitāṃ ); V, 57 ( Yama-K°opamadyutī ), 59 ( °vajrānalo- pamān ), †1868 ( vyāttānanaḥ K°a iva ), 2082 ( °vaśaṅgatāḥ ), 4037 ( yuyuje K°dharmaṇā ) 7185 ( °sammitaṃ ), †7205 ( °otsṛṣṭāṃ prajvalitām ivolkāṃ ), 7276 ( °āntakopamaṃ ), VI, 119(?), 122, 306 (?), 567, 802 ( °pāśena ), 1234 ( °ḥ kālayatām ahaṃ, sc. asmi, Page373-b+ 63 says Kṛṣṇa), 1677 ( °daṇḍopamaṃ ), 1701 ( °daṇḍam ivāparaṃ ), 1943 ( °daṇḍopamāṃ ), 2280 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaḥ ), 2338, 2396 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 2426 ( °eneva yugakṣaye ), 2705 ( °otsṛṣṭam ivāntakaṃ ), 2792 ( yugānte K°vat ), 2799 ( iva ), 2831 ( °Mṛtyusamaprabhaṃ ), 2858 ( °otsṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ), 2874 ( °Mṛtyusamaprabhau ), †3374 ( gadāhastaṃ K°m ivāntakāle ), 3714 ( vyāttānano yathā K°ḥ ), 3772 ( yathā ), 3801 ( °sammitaṃ ), 3956 ( kruddhaḥ K°a ivāparaḥ ), 4071 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaḥ ), 4087 ( °sṛṣṭam ivāntakaṃ ), 4202 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaḥ ), 4203 ( °daṇḍopamāṃ ), 4351 ( iva ), 4656 ( °eneva yugakṣaye ), 4732 (do.), 5034 ( °sṛṣṭham ivāntakaṃ ), 5067 ( °vat ), 5254 ( °āntaka- samadyutiḥ ); VII, 238 ( °vat ), 2644 ( °ena balinā hatāḥ ), 2717 ( °nirmitā ), 2825, 2866 ( °kopaṃ ), 3035, 3135 ( Mṛtyuḥ K°ena coditaḥ ), 3379 ( °kalpāḥ ), 3514, 4341 ( °kalpaiḥ ), 4668 ( °sannibhā ), 4726 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 4853 ( °vat ), 5196 ( °daṇḍam ivāntakaḥ ), 5274 (read °syeva ), 5278 ( iva ), 5475 ( °śaktim ivāparāṃ ), 5543 ( Yama-K°āntakopamaṃ ), 5556 ( iva ), 7090 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ), 7112 ( vikramaṃ …K°syeva yugakṣaye ), 7926 ( °daṇḍogradhāriṇaṃ ), †8154, 8356, 8655, 9195 ( °sṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ), 9240 ( °vat ), 9441, †9467 (identif. with Śiva), 9596 (do.); VIII, 270, 596 ( āntaka-Yamopamau ), †692 ( °vaktravat ), 848 ( °daṇḍair iva ), 909 ( Mṛtyu-K°āntakopamaṃ ), 1022 ( °daṇḍopamaṃ ), 1135 1496 ( °daṇḍaḥ ), 1501, 2214 ( °o vigrahavān iva ), 2459 ( °āntaka- Yamopamaṃ ), 2708 (do.), 2933 ( iva ), 2967 ( °sammitaṃ; °daṇḍam ivāparaṃ ), †3828 ( °a ivāttadaṇḍaḥ ), †3829, 3888 ( °syeva yugakṣaye ), 3995 ( °āntakavapuḥ ), 3996 ( yathā ), 4153 ( °daṇḍodyataṃ Yamaṃ ), 4265 ( iva ), †4279 ( °m ivāttadaṇḍaṃ ), 4390 ( Yama-K°āntakopamau ), 4469 ( °pāśopamau ); IX, 17, 38 ( °ena nihataṃ ), 352 ( °ḥ kruddhaḥ…iva ), 555 ( °sṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ), 570 ( °o daṇḍam ivodyamya ), 574 (do.), 2519 ( °o Yamaś ca Mṛtyuś ca ), 2532 ( °opamau ), 3108 ( °sya samau ), 3454 ( daṇḍinā ), 3547 ( °opasṛṣṭena ), 3590, 3591; X, 315, 326 ( °vat ), 360 ( °sṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ), 365 ( °vat ), 395 ( °sṛṣṭa ivāntakaḥ ), 500, 501, 669 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaḥ ); XI, 50, etc., 68, etc., 91, 114, 156, 174, 258, etc., 649 ( yugānta iva K°ena patitaṃ sūryaṃ ); XII, 440 ( hantā ), 445 ( yathāgataḥ ), 1132 ( °dharmam upeyivān ), 1702 ( āpānabhūmiṃ K°sya ), 2674(?), 2675 ( °sṛṣṭaṃ ), 4264 ( °a ivāntakaḥ ), 4501 ( sarveśaṃ ), 4520, 5468 ( °sammitaḥ ), 5469 (do.), 5686 ( °dharmam upāgataḥ ), 5717 ( °vaśaṃ yāti ), 5718, 6164 ( °o 'ntaka ivodyataḥ ), 6755, 7156, 7195, 7198, etc., 7496, 7497, 7499, 8058 ( °daṇḍa° ), 8106, etc., 8241, etc., 8570, 9877, 9878, 9879 ( °ṣaṣṭān, the great elements), 9882, 10060(?), 10497, 10502, 11227, 11960, 12119, †12135, 12148, 13300 (= Rudra); XIII, 7 ( °manyu- vaśāṃ gatāḥ ), 16, 50, 51, etc. (70), 184 ( °āntakopamāḥ ), 907 ( °daṇḍadharāya, sc. Śiva), 6908, 6909 ( lohitaraktākṣaḥ, identif. with Kṛṣṇa), 7098, 7111 (one of the seven dharaṇī- dharāḥ ), 7497 (= Rudra), 7768 ( samayujyata K°ena ); XIV, 1584 ( °dharmaṇā ), 1840 (do.), 2167 ( °āntaka-Yamopamaṃ ); XVI, 88 ( °dharmaṇā ), 142 ( °paśagrahāṃ Vaitaraṇīṃ ), 287, etc.; XVII, 3 ( °pāśaṃ ). Cf. Antaka, Mṛtyu, Yama. [ ID=5107 ]
- 1. A name for Mrityu. 2. The presiding deity for the planet Rahu.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 1-359 ] Kāla (II) — a name for Mṛtyu: ety. as Lord of Death; adhidevata for Rāhu the planet; 1 described as having four faces each comprising a yuga. 2 One origin of. 3 [ Footnote: 1) Br. II. 36. 128; M. 93. 14; 213. 5 & 18.] [ Footnote: 2) Vā. 32. 8-67.] [ Footnote: 3) Ib. 21. 52, 73.] [ ID=2886 ]

### Actions, States, Qualities, Roles, and Abstract Concepts (12 definitions)
- abuse, censure, or defamation  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > abuse, censure, defamation, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49047 ]
- night  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > night, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49049 ]
- a section or part  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a section, part, Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā-prātiśākhya (Title) [ ID=49366 ]
- Injuring, hurting  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 0399-a ] काल (kāla) a. ( ली (lī) f. ) 2 Injuring, hurting
- delay  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अतिक्रमः - मणं (atikramaḥ -maṇaṃ) delay, being late; Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1. 154
- atipatah  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अतिपातः (atipātaḥ)
- loss of time, delay  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अतिरेकः (atirekaḥ) loss of time, delay; Māl 2
- senior in years, grown up  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ज्येष्ठ (jyeṣṭha) a. senior in years, grown up; Uttararāmacarita 5. 12
- knowing the proper time or occasion  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ज्ञ (jña) a. knowing the proPer time or occasion (of any action); अत्यारूढो हि नारीणामकालज्ञ (jña) ो मनोभवः (atyārūḍho hi nārīṇāmakālajño manobhavaḥ) Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 12. 33; Śiśupālavadha 2. 83. (
- To count time.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 216 ] काल (kāla) r. 10th cl. ( काल (kāla) यति (kālayati) ) To count time. [ ID=10180 ]
- To count time or reckon.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 182-a ] काल (kāla) ( क ) काल (kāla) यति ((ka) kālayati) 10. a. To count time, to reckon. [ ID=9619 ]
- To count time.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 177-b ] काल (kāla) r. 10th cl. ( काल (kāla) यति (kālayati) ) To count time. [ ID=10175 ]

### Fauna (Animals, Birds, Insects) (8 definitions)
- the Indian cuckoo  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the Indian cuckoo, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49022 ]
- the poisonous serpent Coluber Naga  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the poisonous serpent Coluber Naga (= कालसर्प (kālasarpa) ), Vetāla-pañcaviṃśatikā (Title) [ ID=49023 ]
- a worm or animalcule generated in the sour fermentation of milk  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a worm or animalcule generated in the acetous fermentation of milk (= क्षीर - कीट (kṣīra-kīṭa) or क्षार - कीट (kṣāra-kīṭa) ), Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49050 ]
- The Indian cuckoo  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 11 The (Indian) cuckoo
- a water-snake  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कंडकः (kaṃḍakaḥ) a water-snake
- 1. An astrologer. 2. A cock.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ज्ञः (jñaḥ) ) 1 an astrologer. 2 a cock
- 1. A species of antelope. 2. A heron.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — पृष्ठं (pṛṣṭhaṃ) 1 a species of antelope. 2 a heron. (
- the black antelope  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — सारः (sāraḥ) the black antelope. (

### Celestial Bodies, Specific Objects, Symbols, and Locations (7 definitions)
- the planet Saturn  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the planet Saturn [ ID=49027 ]
- of a mountain  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a mountain, Rāmāyaṇa (Title) iv, 44, 21; Kāraṇḍa-vyūha (Title) [ ID=49038 ]
- a mystical name of the letter m  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a mystical N. of the letter म् (m) [ ID=49040 ]
- The planet Saturn.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 12 The planet Saturn
- 1. The destructive fire at the end of the world. 2. An epithet of Rudra. 3. A kind of rudraksha bead.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अनलः (analaḥ) 1 the destructive fire at the end of the world. 2 an epithet of Rudra. 3 a kind of bead ( रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa) )
- 1. The bow of Karna. 2. A bow in general.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — कं (kaṃ) ) 1 N. of the bow of Karṇa; Veṇīsaṃhāra 4. 2 a bow in general
- A mountain west of the Sitoda lake.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Kāla (VI) — a Mt. west of the Sitoda lake. Vā. 36. 27. [ ID=2890 ]

### Opportune, Appointed, or Seasonable Time (7 definitions)
- the proper time or season  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the proper time or season for ( gen. dat. loc., in comp., inf., or Pot. with यद् (yad), e.g. कालः प्रस्थानस्य (kālaḥ prasthānasya) or ° ना (nā) य (°nāya) or ° ने (°ne), time for departure; क्रिया - काल (kriyā-kāla), time for action, Suśruta (Title); ना (nā) यं कालो विलम्बितुम् (yaṃ kālo vilambitum), this is not the time to delay, Nalopākhyāna (subtitle); कालो यद् (yad) भुञ्जीत भवान् (kālo yad bhuñjīta bhavān), it is time for you to eat, Pāṇini (Author) iii, 3, 168, Kāśikā-vṛtti (Title) ), Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title); Mahābhārata (Title) &c. [ ID=49359 ]
- occasion or circumstance  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > occasion, circumstance, Mahābhārata (Title) xii, 2950; Mṛcchakaṭikā (Title) [ ID=49360 ]
- season  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > season, Rāmāyaṇa (Title) &c. [ ID=49361 ]
- in time, seasonably  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1C) [Printed book page 278,2] काले (kāle) ( ए (e) ), loc. ind. in time, seasonably, Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 42, 9; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title) ( cf. अ - काले (kāle) (a-kāle) ) [ ID=49382 ]
- always in time  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > काले काले (kāle kāle), always in time, Mahābhārata (Title) i, 1680; Raghuvaṃśa (Title) iv, 6 [ ID=49385 ]
- A proper or opportune time.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — लः (laḥ) 3 Fit or opportune time (to do a thing), proper time or occasion; (with gen., loc., dat., or inf. ); Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 3. 12, 4. 6, 12. 69; पर्जन्यः कालवर्षी (parjanyaḥ kālavarṣī) Mṛcchakaṭikā 10. 60
- 1. The proper or appointed time. 2. Time in general. 3. Time as the destroyer or Death.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > काल (kāla) [Printed book page 141-a ] kālá, m. —1. the right or proper or appointed time; —2. time in general; —3. Time, as the destroyer, i. e. Death. [ ID=1105 ]

### Minerals and Other Non-Biological Substances (2 definitions)
- a kind of clay  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of clay, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49053 ]
- iron  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > iron, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=49064 ]

### Other (2 definitions)
- 1. Time, death, Shiva, Saturn, the cuckoo, and resin. 2. Kali, wife of Shiva, ink, and a worm. 3. Indigo. 4. Iron. 5. Black or dark blue.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > काल (kāla) ( लः ) ((laḥ)) 1. m. Time; death; Shiva; Saturn; the cuckoo; resin; ( ली (lī) ) f. Kālī, wife of Shiva; ink; a worm. ( ला (lā) ) Indigo. n. Iron. a. Black, dark blue. [ ID=9620 ]
- 1. A fixed or right point of time, space of time, or time in general. 2. The proper time or fit season. 3. Weather. 4. Destiny or fate. 5. Death or the time of death. 6. A period of time. 7. Measure of time or prosody. 8. A section or part.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > [Printed book page 0225-b ] काल (kāla) 2. kāla, as, m. (fr. rt. 3. kal ), a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time in general, (in the Ṛg-veda this word occurs only once, in the Brāhmaṇas oftener); the proper time or fit season for (with gen., dat., loc., pot., &c., e. g. kālaḥ pra- sthānasya or prasthānāya or prasthāne, time for departure; kriyā-kālaḥ, time for action; na ayaṃ kālo vilambitum, this is not the time to delay; kālo yad bhuñjīta bhavān, it is time for you to eat); the weather; time as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man; destiny, fate; time as destroying all things; death, time of death, often personified and repre- sented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him, (hence kālam i or kālaṃ kṛ, to die; kāla-samāyukta, dead; kāla in this sense is frequently connected with antaka and mṛtyu, e. g. abhyadhāvata prajāḥ kāla ivāntakaḥ, he attacked the people like Time the destroyer, cf. kālāntaka below; kāla personified is also a Devarṣi in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva); a period of time, time of the world; measure of time, prosody; a section, a part; deśa- kālau, the right place and the right time, place and time; kālaṃ kṛ, to appoint or fix a time; ubhau kālau, both times, sunrise and sunset; ṣaṣṭhe kāle 'hnaḥ, at the sixth hour of the day, at midday; ṣaṣṭhānna-kāla, one who eats only at the sixth meal-time, i. e. who passes five meals without eating and has no meal till the evening of the third day; or without anna, e. g. caturtha-kālam, at the fourth meal-time, i. e. at the evening of the second day; ṣaṣṭhe kāle, at the evening of the third day; ṛtu-kāla, the time of a woman's courses; gacchatā kālena, in the course of time, after some time; nitya-kālam, constantly, always; dīrgha-kālam, dur- ing a long time; dīrgheṇa kāleṇa, after a long time; kālena, in the course of time; dīrghasya kālasya, after a long time; kasyacit kālasya, after some time; kālāt or kālatas, in the course of time &c. [cf. Goth. hveila; Mod. Germ. weile; Gr. καιρός, ὥρα (?); Lat. hora, calen-dœ: cf. also Gr. κήρ Hib. ceal, ‘death and everything terrible.’] —Kāla- karaṇa, am, n. appointing or fixing a time. —Kāla- karman, a, n. death. —Kāla-kalpa, as, ā, am, like death, fatal, deadly. —Kāla-kāra, as, ī, am, making or producing time. —Kāla-kārita, as, ā, am, effected or brought about by or in time. —Kāla- kuṇṭha, as, m. an epithet of Yama. —Kāla-kūṭa, as, am, m. n. a deadly poison; see s. v. —Kāla-kṛt, t, m. the sun (producing the times, i. e. seasons). —Kāla-kṛta, as, ā, am, produced by time; fixed; appointed (as to time); lent or deposited by a giver for a certain time; ( as ), m. the sun; time (?). —Kāla- kaumudī, f., N. of a work. —Kāla-krama, as, m. lapse of time; kāla-krameṇa, in process of time. —Kāla-kriyā, f. fixing a time; title of the second chapter of the Sūrya-Siddhānta; death. —Kāla- kṣepa, as, m. allowing time to pass away, delay, loss of time; spending or passing the time; akāla- kṣepam, ind. without delay. —Kāla-gati, is, f. the lapse of time. —Kāla-granthi, is, m. ‘a joint of time,’ a year. —Kāla-ghātin, ī, inī, i, killing in the course of time, i. e. by degrees, slowly (as a poison). —Kāla-cakra, am, n. the wheel of time, time represented as a wheel, which always turns round; a given revolution of time, a cycle; according to the Jainas, the wheel of time has twelve Aras or spokes and turns round once in 2000, 000,000,000, 000 Sāgaras of years [cf. ava-sarpiṇī and ut-sarpiṇī ]; the wheel of fortune, the vicissitudes of life, the wheel of time or fate is sometimes regarded as a weapon; with Buddhists, a Tantra; ( as ), m. an epithet of the sun. —Kāla-codita, as, ā, am, summoned by the angel of death. —Kālacodita-karman, ā, ā, a, acting under the influence of fate. —Kāla-jña, as, ā, am, one who knows the fixed times or seasons; ( as ), m. an astrologer; a cock. —Kāla-jñāna, am, n., N. of a medical work; N. of a work by Malla- deva on the symptoms of diseases; a medical work by Śambhūnātha. —Kāla-jñānin, ī, m. an epithet Page0225-c+ 81 of Śiva. —Kāla-tattvārṇava (°va-ar°), ‘the ocean of the truth of time,’ title of a work. —Kāla-taraṅga, the first part of the Smṛty-artha-sāgara by Nṛsiṃha. —Kāla-tā, f. seasonableness, timeliness. —Kāla- tulya, as, ā, am, like death, deadly. —Kāla-traya, am, n. the three times, i. e. past, present, and future. —Kāla-daṇḍa, as, m. the staff of death, death. —Kāla-damanī, f. an epithet of Durgā. —Kāla- dharma, as, m. or kāla-dharman, ā, m. the line of conduct suitable to any time or season; the law, rule or operation of time, death, dying; influence of time, seasonableness; effects proper to the time or season. —Kāla-dhāraṇā, f. prolongation of time. — 2. kāla-nara, as, m. ‘a time-man,’ i. e. in astro- logy the figure of a man's body on the various limbs of which the twelve signs of the zodiac are distributed for the purpose of foretelling future destinies; [cf. kāla-puruṣa. ] —Kāla-nātha, as, m. an epithet of Śiva. —Kāla-nidhi, is, m. an epithet of Śiva. —Kāla-niyoga, as, m. the command of time, fate, destiny. —Kāla-nirūpaṇa, am, n. chronology. —Kāla-nirṇaya, as, m. ‘determination or fixing of times,’ title of a work, also called kāla-mādhavīya, by Mādhavācārya. —Kāla-nirṇaya-dīpikā, f. title of a metrical recension of the same work. —Kāla- nirṇaya-prakāśa, as, m. title of a work on juris- prudence (?). —Kāla-nirvāha, as, m. providing for daily wants. —Kāla-nemi, is, f. the felly or rim of the wheel of time, regarded as a terrible weapon; ( as ), m., N. of an Asura slain by Kṛṣṇa, iden- tified with Kaṃsa; N. of a Rakṣas; N. of a son of the Brāhman Yajña-soma. —Kāla-nemin, ī, m., N. of an Asura; [cf. the preceding.] —Kālanemi- ripu, us, m. or kālanemi-han, ā, m. or kālanemi- hara, as, m. or kālanemy-ari, is, m. an epithet of Kṛṣṇa or Viṣṇu, the destroyer of the Asura Kāla- nemi. —Kāla-pakva, as, ā, am, ripened by time, i. e. spontaneously (opposed to agni-pakva ). —Kāla- patha, as, m., N. of a son of Viśvā-mitra. —Kāla- parivāsa, as, m. standing for a time (so as to be- come stale or fermented). —Kāla-pāśa, as, m. the noose of Yama or death. —Kāla-pāśika, as, m. a hangman, an executioner, (one who has the noose of Yama.) —Kāla-puruṣa, as, m., cf. 2. kāla-nara. —Kāla-prabhāta, am, n. the dawning of the best season, the two months following the rainy season, autumn; the sultry season. —Kāla-prarūḍha, as, ā, am, over-blown, over-ripe. —Kāla-bhakṣa, as, m. an epithet of Śiva. —Kāla-bhṛt, t, m. the sun; [cf. kāla-kṛt. ] —Kāla-mayūkha, as, m. title of a part of Bhāskara. —Kāla-mahiman, ā, m. or kāla- māhātmya, am, n. the power or sway of time. —Kāla-mādhava-kārikā, f. title of a work. —Kāla- mūrti, is, f. time personified. —Kāla-yāpa, as, m. allowing time to pass away, putting off, delaying, procrastination. —Kāla-yāpana, am, n. passing away time, putting off, delaying. —Kāla-yoga, as, m. connection with time, with fate or destiny; fate, destiny. —Kāla-yogin, ī, inī, i, reigning over des- tiny, an epithet of Śiva. —Kāla-yodhin, ī, inī, i, fighting, or one who fights in season or at the proper time. —2. kāla-rātri, is or ī, f. the night of all-destroy- ing time, the night of destruction at the end of the world, often personified or identified with Durgā or with one of the Śaktis of Durgā; a particular night in the life of man, on the seventh day of the seventh month of the seventy-seventh year, after which period a man is exempt from attention to the usual ordi- nances; N. of a Brāhman woman, familiar with magic. —Kāla-rūpa-dhṛṣ, k, k, k (the last member of the compound being by some referred to rt. dhṛ or dṛh ), wearing the form of Yama or death. —Kāla- vat, ān, atī, at, connected with time. —Kāla-vikra- ma, as, m. power of time, death. —Kāla-vidhāna, am, n. title of a work. —Kāla-vidhavaṃsana, as, m. (scil. rasa ) a term for a particular drug or medicine. —Kāla-viprakarṣa, as, m. prolongation of time. —Kāla-viveka, as, m., N. of a work by Jīmūta- vahana. —Kāla-vṛddhi, is, f. periodical interest, payable monthly, &c. —Kāla-vega, as, m., N. of a Nāga, a son of Vāsuki. —Kāla-vyāpin, ī, inī, i, Page0226-a+ 80 filling all time, everlasting. —Kāla-saṃrodha, as, m. keeping back or retaining for a long time; lapse of a long period of time. —Kāla-saṃhitā, f., N. of an astrological work. —Kāla-sadṛśa, as, ī, am, opportune, seasonable; deathlike. —Kāla-sampanna, as, ā, am, effected by time, dated, bearing a date. —Kāla-sāhvaya, as, ā, am, named after Kāla. —Kāla-sūtra or kāla-sūtraka, am, n. the thread of time or death; N. of one of the twenty-one hells. —Kāla-svarūpa, as, ā, am, having the very form of death (applied to any terrific object). —Kālā- kṛṣṭa (°la-āk°), as, ā, am, led to death or de- struction, drawn to or by one's fate; produced or brought about by time. —Kālākṣarika, as, m. (fr. kāla+akṣara ), a scholar, a pupil who has begun to read. —Kālāgni (°la-ag°), is, m. the fire that is to destroy the world; the conflagration at the end of time. —Kālāgni-rudra, as, m. Rudra regarded as the fire that is to destroy the world; (scil. rasa ) N. of a particular drug or medicine. —Kālāgnirudro- paniṣad (°ra-up°), t, f., N. of several Upaniṣads. —Kālātīta (°la-at°), as, ā, am, elapsed, passed by. —Kālātmaka (°la-āt°), as, ikā, am, depending on time or destiny. —Kālātyaya (°la-at°), as, m. lapse of time, loss or destruction by lapse of time. —Kā- lātyayopadiṣṭa (°ya-up°), as, ā, am, taught or rectified by the lapse of time; term for a vain argu- ment ( hetv-ābhāsa ), also called atīta-kāla and bā- dhita. —Kālādarśa (°la-ād°), as, m. ‘the mirror of time,’ title of a work. —Kālādhyakṣa (°la-adh°), as, m. the overseer or leader of time, an epithet of the sun. —Kālānala (°la-an°), as, m. the fire of all-destroying time, the universal conflagration at the end of all things; N. of a son of Sabhā-nara. —Kālāntaka (°la-an°), as, m. time regarded as the god of death. —Kālāntaka-yama, as, m. all- destroying time in the form of Yama. —Kālāntara (°la-an°), am, n. interval, intermediate time; period, process of time; a former or another time. —Kālān- tara-kṣama, as, ā, am, able to bear an interval of delay. —Kālāntara-viṣa, as, ā, am, poison- ous at certain times; ( as ), m. a poisonous animal, venomous only when enraged or alarmed, as a rat &c. —Kālāntarāvṛtta (°ra-āv°), as, ā, am, hidden or concealed by time. —Kālāntarāvṛtti-śubhā- śubha (°bha-aś°), āni, n. pl. good and evil things occurring within the revolutions of time. —Kālā- vadhi (°la-av°), is, m. a fixed or appointed time. —Kālāvyavāya (°la-av°), as, m. no interval of time. —Kālāśuddhi, is, m. or kālāśauca (°la-aś°), am, n. season of mourning or ceremonial impurity, as at the birth of a child, the death of a relation &c., when it is considered unlawful to perform any religious rites. —Kāle-ja, as, ā, am, born or produced at a fixed time or at due time. —Kālottara (°la-ut°), N. of a work. —Kālotpādita (°la-ut°), as, ā, am, pro- duced in due season. —Kālopta (°la-up°), as, ā, am, sown in due season. [ ID=14577 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546