# कौरव (kaurava)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/kaurava

कौरव (kaurava) is a Sanskrit word meaning relating or belonging to the Kurus, field, descendant of Kuru, fenugreek plant, relating to the Kurus, belonging to or consisting of the Kurus. Its 37 recorded definitions are grouped into 6 contexts, among them Individuals Called 'Kaurava' (Epic Epithet), Relating to the Kurus (Adjective), Descendant of Kuru / Patronymic.

- **Etymology:** E. कुरु, and अण् affix; also with वुञ् affix कौरवक — E. kuru, and aṇ affix; also with vuñ affix kauravaka
- **SLP1:** `kOrava`  **IAST:** kaurava  **Devanagari:** कौरव
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaurava
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/kaurava/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Individuals Called 'Kaurava' (Epic Epithet) (20 definitions)
- Arjuna  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 401-1 ] Kaurava 1 = Arjuna: I, 5409, 6535; III, 1709; VII, 6087. [ ID=5544 ]
- Babhruvahana  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 2 = Babhruvāhana: XIV, 2386. [ ID=5545 ]
- Bhimasena  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 3 = Bhīmasena: III, 11169 ( Somavaṃśīyaḥ ), 15782; VII, 5660 (only C., B. has Pāṇḍavaḥ ). [ ID=5546 ]
- Bhishma  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 4 = Bhīṣma: I, 4120, 4121; II, 1373; III, 8046; V, 5485 ( Gāṅgeyaḥ ), 5728, 5823, 5849, 5972, 7139, 7261; VI, 2495, 3799, 3808, 4933, 5843; VII, 39; XII, 1581, 1949, 1990, 8478, 11178; XIII, 196, 3313, 7741, 7770. [ ID=5547 ]
- Bhuri  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 5 = Bhūri: VII, 7361 ( Bh° ), 7399, 7403. [ ID=5548 ]
- Bhurishravas  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 6 = Bhūriśravas: VI. 2814; VII, 5896, 5947, 5953, 6055. [ ID=5549 ]
- Shatanika  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 7 = Śatānīka 3 : 1, 8044 ( rājarṣeḥ ). [ ID=5550 ]
- Shantanu  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 8 = Śāntanu: XIII, 2443. [ ID=5551 ]
- Dhritarashtra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 9 = Dhṛtarāṣṭra: I, 2744, 7371 ( Dh° ); II, 1971; III, 454, 600, 14823; V, 112, 4122; VI, 2926; VII, 7; VIII, 80; IX, 235, 3574; XI, 347; XII, 1447 ( Dh° ); XV, 61, 89, 122, 365, 373, 385, 734, 801 ( °sya vadhūnāṃ ), 969, 1079 ( rājarṣeḥ ). [ ID=5552 ]
- Duhshasana  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 10 = Duḥśāsana: VI, 5714; VII, 4877, 4938; VIII, 901. [ ID=5553 ]
- Durmukha  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 11 = Durmukha: V, 2503 ( D° ); VII, 4036. [ ID=5554 ]
- Duryodhana  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 12 = Duryodhana: I, 5416, 5732, 7451; III, 14878 ( rājā ), 15125, 15180, 15223 ( D° ), 15274, 15308, 15338, 15517; IV, 1617; V, †1835, 2832, 3037 ( rājā ), 3245(?), 3248, 3510, 4678, 5228, 5311, 5632, 5671, 5860, 7189, 7198, 7400, 7488, 7621 ( rājā ); VI, 1570, 1585, 1586, 2932, 4117, 4195, 4204, 4241; VII, 1587, 3485, 6535, 6983, 7120, 7123, 7144, 7151, 7445, 7451, 8432, 8923, 8995; VIII, 1387; IX, 2, 340, 812(?), 1277, 1699, 1740, 3062, 3100, †3242, †3244, 3265 ( rājā Dhārtarāṣṭraḥ ), 3336, 3663. [ ID=5555 ]
- Janamejaya  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 13 = Janamejaya: I, 4081, 5076; II, 513; III, 14865; XIV, 2514; XV, 12. [ ID=5556 ]
- Pandu  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 14 = Pāṇḍu; I, 4445 ( rājā ), 4787 (do.), 4943, †7191. [ ID=5557 ]
- Somadatta  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 401-2 ] Kaurava 15 = Somadatta: I, 5707 ( S° ); VII, 6740, 6744, 6926, 7249. [ ID=5558 ]
- an epithet of Suhotra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 16 = Suhotra: III, 13251. [ ID=5559 ]
- Vicitravirya  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 17 = Vicitravīrya: I, 4125 ( rājā ). [ ID=5560 ]
- Vidura  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 18 = Vidura: V, 3046. [ ID=5561 ]
- Yudhishthira  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 19 = Yudhiṣṭhira: I, 7581 ( °sya niveśanaṃ ); III, 600, 631, 655, 667, 892, 972 ( Kaunteya ), 2633, 13491, 13600; IV, 1364 ( Dharmarājasya ); V, 7602; VII, 4316; XI, 2 ( rājā Dharmaputraḥ ), 247 (do.); XII, 1496 ( rājā ); XIV, 2092, 2532; XV, 292 ( rājā Kuntīputraḥ ), 734 ( rājā ); XVII, 2 ( rājā ); XVIII, 102. [ ID=5562 ]
- Yuyutsu  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava 20 = Yuyutsu: XI, 780 ( Y° ). [ ID=5563 ]

### Relating to the Kurus (Adjective) (8 definitions)
- relating or belonging to the Kurus  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 317,1] कौरव (kaurava) mf( ई (ī) )n. (= ° वक (°vaka), Pāṇini (Author) iv, 2, 130; g. उत्सा (utsā) दि (di) and कच्छा (kacchā) दि (di) ) relating or belonging to the Kurus, Mahābhārata (Title); Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā (Title) [ ID=57278 ]
- field  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > ( क्षेत्र (kṣetra) = कुरु - क्ष् (kuru-kṣ) ° (°) ), Meghadūta (Title) [ ID=57279 ]
- Relating to the Kurus  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 0428-b ] कौरव (kaurava) a. ( वी (vī) f. ) [ कुरोरपत्यं (kurorapatyaṃ), तद्देशस्य राजा तेषु भवो वा, कुरु - अण् (taddeśasya rājā teṣu bhavo vā, kuru-aṇ) ] 1 Relating to the Kurus; क्षेत्रं क्षत्रप्रधानपिशुनं (kṣetraṃ kṣatrapradhānapiśunaṃ) कौरव (kaurava) ं तद्भजेथाः (kauravaṃ tadbhajethāḥ) Meghadūta (Bombay) 48
- Relating to the Kurus  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 212-21 ] कौरव (kaurava) (I) a. (f. वी (vī) ) Relating to the Kurus, क्षेत्रं क्षत्रपधनपिशुनं कौरव (kaurava) ं तद्गजेथाः (kṣetraṃ kṣatrapadhanapiśunaṃ kauravaṃ tadgajethāḥ) Megh. i.48. [ ID=10570 ]
- 1. Belonging to or consisting of the Kurus. 2. A descendant of Kuru.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 0223-b ] कौरव (kaurava) kaurava, i. e. kuru + a, adj., f. vī 1. Belonging to the Kurus, Megh. 49; consisting of Kurus, MBh. 1, 5457. 2. patron. A descendant of Kuru, Nal. 14, 26; MBh. 1, 5457. — Comp. When latter part of an adj. the fem. ends in vā, Niṣkaurava, i. e. nis-, adj., f. vā, deprived of Kauravas, MBh. 1, 7961. [ ID=3880 ]
- 1. Belonging to the Kurus. 2. A descendant of Kuru.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 135 ] कौरव (kaurava) f. ई (ī) belonging to the Kurus; m. a descendant of Kuru. [ ID=8556 ]
- 1. Belonging to the Kurus. 2. A descendant of Kuru.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 0258-a ] कौरव (kaurava) kaurava, as, ī, am (fr. kuru ), belong- ing to the Kurus &c. ( as ), m. a patronymic from Kuru; a descendant of Kuru; also kauravaka. [ ID=16033 ]
- belonging to Kuru or the Kurus  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 400-2 ] Kaurava, adj. (“belonging to Kuru or to the Kurus (Kauravas)”): I, 5457 ( °īṃ camūṃ ); III, 1421 ( °aṃ- pakṣaṃ, i.e. the party of Duryodhana); V, 4992 ( vaṃśaṃ ), 5020 ( vaṃśaḥ ), 5072 ( kulasya ); VI, 1558 ( sainyaṃ, i.e. the army of Duryodhana), 2480 ( °īṃ senāṃ, do.), 2488 ( sainyaṃ, do.); VII, 5677 ( sainyaṃ Sindhu-Sauvīra-K°aṃ, do.), 7147 ( °īṃ senāṃ, do.), 7350 ( sainyaṃ, do.), 7728 ( °īṃ senāṃ, do.); VIII, 914 ( °ī senā, do.), 2562 ( °ī senā, do.), 2694 ( sainyaṃ, do.), 3641 ( balaṃ, do.), 3845 ( °ī senā, do.); IX, 521 ( °īṃ senāṃ, do.), 525 ( °ī…camūḥ, do.), 537 ( °ī…pṛtanā, do.), 1009 ( sainyaṃ, do.), 1764 ( vaṃśe ). [ ID=5542 ]

### Descendant of Kuru / Patronymic (5 definitions)
- descendant of Kuru  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > कौरव (kaurava) m. patr. fr. Kuru, descendant of Kuru (generally used in pl. ), Mahābhārata (Title); Harivaṃśa (Title) &c. ( ifc. f( आ (ā) )., Mahābhārata (Title) i, 7961 ) [ ID=57280 ]
- a descendant of Kuru  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 254 ] कौरव (kaurava) m. ( - वः (-vaḥ) ) A Kaurava, a descendant of KURU. E. कुरु (kuru), and अण् (aṇ) affix; also with वुञ् (vuñ) affix कौरव (kaurava) क (kauravaka). [ ID=11867 ]
- a descendant of Kuru  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 218-a ] कौरव (kaurava) ( वः ) ((vaḥ)) 1. m. Kaurava, of a Kuru. [ ID=11319 ]
- 1. A descendant of Kuru. 2. A ruler of the Kurus.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) (II) m. 1. A descendant of Kuru, सोऽयं मद्गजपंजरे निपतितः संरक्षयतां कौरव (kaurava) ाः (so'yaṃ madgajapaṃjare nipatitaḥ saṃrakṣayatāṃ kauravāḥ) Ve. iii.; 2. a ruler of the Kurus. [ ID=10571 ]
- a descendant of Kuru  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 209-a ] कौरव (kaurava) m. ( - वः (-vaḥ) ) A Kaurava, a descendant of KURU. E. कुरु, (kuru,) and अण् (aṇ) affix; also with वुञ् (vuñ) affix कौरव (kaurava) क (kauravaka). [ ID=11861 ]

### The Kauravas in Epic Tradition (2 definitions)
- 1. Belonging to the Kurus. 2. A descendant of Kuru.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 075-3 ] कौरव (kaurava) kaurav-a, a. ( ī ) belonging to the Kurus; m. pat. descendant of Kuru; -eya, m. pl. descendants of Kuru; -yá (+ kaúravya), m. pl. id. = Pāṇḍavas; N. of a people. [ ID=6391 ]
- descendants of Kuru  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Kaurava, pl. ( °āḥ ) (the descendants of Kuru or name of a people (= Kuru, pl.); very often it designs only the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and their adherents, in opposition to the sons of Pāṇḍu and their adherents): I, 116, 299, 499, 561 ( muninā K°āṇāṃ yaśobhṛtā, i.e. Vyāsa), 584 ( °āyodhanaṃ ), 1664 ( °vaṃśajaḥ ), 3126, 4378, 4449 ( °āṇāṃ yaśobhṛtā… Pāṇḍunā ), 4466, 4958, 5034, 5097, 5099, 5212 (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and the sons of Pāṇḍu), 5214 (do.), 5239 (do.), 5452, 5453, 5457, 5458, 5465, 5524 ( °saṃsadi ), 5712, 5790, 5860, †7084 ( °āgraiḥ, i.e. the sons of Pāṇḍu), †7337 ( °rāja- putrāḥ, = do.), †7341 ( °vaṃśavardhanāḥ = do.), 7531, 7535, 7537, 7556, 7776 ( °āṇāṃ yaśaskaraṃ, i.e. Arjuna), 7961; II, 2022, 2062 ( °āṇāṃ kulakaraṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ Pāṇḍavaṃ acyutaṃ, i.e. Yudhiṣṭhira), †2117 ( saṃsadi K°āṇāṃ ), 2211, 2212, †2213, 2255, 2269, 2292, 2293 ( °ārṇavamagnāṃ māṃ, sc. Draupadī), 2306, 2350, 2351, 2352, †2368, †2379 ( °aṇāṃ guruḥ, i.e. Droṇa?), 2538, 2653, 2666; III, †220, †252, †255, 311, 598, †962, 1423 ( °sainyasya ), 8513 (i.e. the Pāṇḍavas), 13006 ( °arṣabhāḥ, i.e. the Pāṇḍavas), 14880, 14887, 14889, 14935, 14952, 14954, 14956, 14961, 15011, 15027, 15318 ( °sarva° ), 15338; IV, 206 ( °vāhinīṃ ), 887, 977, 981, 992, 999, 1297, 1428, 1528, 1626 ( °āṇāṃ rājā, i.e. Duryodhana), 1630, 1708, 1998, 2234; V, †39, 128, 602, †701, †765, 825, 827, 843, 948 ( °āṇāṃ rājā, i.e. Yūdhiṣṭhira), †1332 ( meḍhībhūtaḥ K°āṇāṃ tvaṃ, sc. Dhṛtarāṣṭra), †1333, 1806, †1835, †1847 ( °āṇāṃ pravīre, i.e. Bhīṣma), 2284, †2411 ( saṃsadi K°āṇāṃ ), †2505, 2525, †2577, 2623, 2670, 2711, 3273, 3331, 4181, 4281, 4443, 4851, 4953, 4966 ( °mukhyayoḥ, i.e. Bhīṣma and Dhṛtarāṣṭra), 5081, 5230, 5269 (the army of Duryodhana consisting of eleven akṣauhiṇīs), 5376, 5717 ( °āṇāṃ saināpatyaṃ prāpya Gāṅgeyaḥ, i.e. Bhīṣma), 5938 ( Citrāṅgadaṃ K°āṇām ādhipatye 'bhyaṣecayaṃ, sc. Bhīṣma); VI, 4, 26, 28, 126, 635, 1556, 1568, 1584, 1599, 1610, 1613, 2067, 2139 ( °ānīkaṃ ), 2143 ( °āṇāṃ pitāmahaḥ, i.e. Bhīṣma), 2179, 2432, 2577, 2593, 2620 ( °āṇām adhipaḥ, i.e. Duryodhana), 2883, 2890, 3290, 3299, 3313, 3850, 3921, 3942, 3950, 3951, 4206, Page401-a+ 63 4225, 4319, 4326, 4430 ( °āṇāṃ rājā, i.e. Duryodhana), 4727, 5310, 5330, 5710 ( °āṇāṃ pitāmahaḥ, i.e. Bhīṣma); VII, 23, 50 ( Bhīṣme K°āṇām upāśraye ), 118, 124, 210, 416, 436, 928, 1330, 2000, 2645, 2654, 3078, 3082, 3085, 3735, 3737 ( °endrāṇāṃ ), 4133, 4173, 4192, 4202, 4481, 4729, 4730 ( °sainyasya ), 4734, 4738, 4988, 5259, 5461, 5657, 5856, 5862, 6021, 6104 ( °śreṣṭhāḥ ), 6160, 6477, 6481, 6606, 6659, 6986, 7180, 7274, 7296, 7325 ( °āṇām anīkinīṃ ), 7350, 7352, 7655, 7747 ( °saṃkrande ), 7755, 7773, 8358, 8541, 8841, 8900, 8958, 9053 (only in B), 9054, 9170, 9188, 9204, 9234, 9273 ( °nandanāḥ ), 9392 (only in B., C. has Pauravaiḥ ), 9492, 9495; VIII, 244 ( Yādava-K°ār ), 342, 345, 349, 411, 412, 1077, 1129, 1244, 1255, 1712, 1714, 1947, 2518, 2650, 2685, 2696, 2780, 2903, 3014, 3034, 3079, 3107, †3342, †3348 ( samāgame Sṛñjaya-K°āṇāṃ ), †3352, †3360, †3510, 3637, 3640, 3660, 3749, 3792, 3798, †3846, †3859, †4070, 4121, 4259, 4607, 4893, 4956; IX, 182, 288, 378, 548, 932, 1060, †1076, 1687 ( Pāṇḍu-K°sammardāt ), 1700 ( °āṇāṃ mahārathān, i.e. Aśvatthā- man, Kṛpa, and Kṛtavarman), 3504, 3626 ( °āṇāṃ mahārathāḥ, i.e. Aśvatthāman, Kṛpa, and Kṛtavarman); X, 714; XI, 230, 234 ( avigrahe K°āṇāṃ ), 824 ( vaiśasaṃ…K°āntakaraṃ ); XII, 1495, 1575 ( Bhīṣme K°āṇāṃ dhurandhare ), 1816, 1875 ( °āṇāṃ dhurandhare, i.e. Bhīṣma), 1928 ( Bhīṣme K°āṇāṃ dhurandhare ); XIII, 6275 ( āṇāṃ dhurandhara, sc. Yudhi- ṣṭhira), 7689 ( Bhīṣme K°āṇāṃ dhurandhare ), 7781; XIV, 1548, 1550, 1780 ( °endrāṇāṃ ), 2203 ( °āṇāṃ mahārathaṃ, i.e. Arjuna), 2336 ( °āṇāṃ dhurandhare, i.e. Arjuna), 2590 (do.); XV, 76, 77 ( °āṇām ādhipatye ), †431 ( striyaḥ K°-Pāṇḍa- vānāṃ…K°rājavaṃśyāḥ ), †439, 872, 1007 ( °yoṣitaḥ ). [ ID=5543 ]

### Botanical: Kauravī (Fenugreek) (1 definition)
- fenugreek plant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 317,1] कौरवी (kauravī) f. Trigonella foenum graecum, Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes (Title) [ ID=57281 ]

### Vedic Textual Variant for Kaurama (1 definition)
- a generous donor among the Rushamas  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > कौरव (kaurava) [Printed book page 1-192 ] Kaurava is the reading of the text of the Khilas 1 and of some manuscripts of the Śāṅkhāyana Śrauta Sūtra 2 for the Kaurama of the Atharvaveda, 3 who appears in a Dānastuti (‘Praise of Gifts’) as a generous donor among the Ruśamas. [ Footnote: 1) v. 8, 1 (Scheftelowitz, Die Apo- kryphen des Ṛgveda, 155).] [ Footnote: 2) xii. 14, 1.] [ Footnote: 3) xx. 127, 1. Cf. Bloomfield, Hymns of the Athar- vaveda, 689.] [ ID=749 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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