# नवरत्न (navaratna)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/navaratna

नवरत्न (navaratna) is a Sanskrit word meaning the nine precious gems, the nine men of letters at the court of Vikramaditya, name of a collection of nine stanzas and other works, nine gems, the nine notable scholars at the court of Vikramaditya. Its 7 recorded definitions are grouped into 4 contexts, among them The Nine Precious Gemstones, A Literary Collection, Gemstones and Scholars (Dual Meaning).

- **Etymology:** E. नव, and रत्न a jewel — E. nava, and ratna a jewel
- **SLP1:** `navaratna`  **IAST:** navaratna  **Devanagari:** नवरत्न
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navaratna
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/navaratna/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### The Nine Precious Gemstones (4 definitions)
- the nine precious gems  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H3) [Printed book page 531,2] नव (nava) — रत्न (—ratna) n. 9 precious gems ( viz. pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, and Go-medha they are supposed to be related to the 9 planets), L. ( cf. Monier-Williams’ Buddhism in its connexion with Brāhmaṇism and Hindūism: and in its contrast with Christianity (Title) 528 ) [ ID=104663 ]
- nine gems  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > [Printed book page 1329,2] nine gems (for ‘lapis lazuli’ read ‘cat's eye’ [= वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya) ], and for गो - मेध (go-medha) read गो - मेद (go-meda), ‘zircon’ or ‘jacinth’; the 9 gems are sacred to the five planets with the Sun and Moon, Rāhu and Ketu). [ ID=104665.1 sup ]
- Nine gems  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > नवरत्न (navaratna) [Printed book page 408-a ] नव - रत्न (nava-ratna) ( त्न ) ((tna)) 1. n. Nine gems. [ ID=20727 ]
- the nine precious gems  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > नवरत्न (navaratna) [Printed book page 371-14 ] नवन् - रत्न (navan-ratna) n. the nine precious gems; (they are- मुक्तामाणिक्यवैदूर्यं गोमेदान् वज्रविद्रुमौ । पद्मरागं मरकतं नीलं चेति यथाक्रमम् (muktāmāṇikyavaidūryaṃ gomedān vajravidrumau. padmarāgaṃ marakataṃ nīlaṃ ceti yathākramam) ). [ ID=19044 ]

### A Literary Collection (1 definition)
- name of a collection of nine stanzas and other works  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a collection of 9 stanzas and other works. [ ID=104665 ]

### Gemstones and Scholars (Dual Meaning) (1 definition)
- 1. Nine specific precious gems including pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, and gomeda. 2. The nine notable scholars at the court of Vikramaditya.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > नव (nava) रत्न (ratna) (navaratna) [Printed book page 457 ] नव (nava) रत्न (ratna) (navaratna) n. ( त्नं (tnaṃ) ) 1 Nine precious gems, or a pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, and one called Gomeda. 2 The nine men of letters at the court of VIKRAMĀDITYA, or DHANVANTARI, KṢAPAṆAKA, AMARASIṂHA, SAṄKU, VETĀLABHAṬṬA, GHAṬAKARPARA, KĀLIDĀSA, VARĀHAMIHIRA, and VARARUCI. E. नव (nava), and रत्न (ratna) a jewel. [ ID=21241 ]

### The Nine Scholars (Jewels of Vikramaditya's Court) (1 definition)
- the nine men of letters at the court of Vikramaditya  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the 9 jewels ( i.e. the 9 men of letters at the court of Vikramāditya, viz. Dhanvantari, Kṣapaṇaka, Amara-siṃha, Śaṅku, Vetāla-bhaṭṭa, Ghaṭa-karpara, Kāli-dāsa, Vara-ruci, and Varāha-mihira), L. [ ID=104664 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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