# निदान (nidāna) Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/nidana निदान (nidāna) is a Sanskrit word meaning reproached, ridiculed, a band, rope, or halter, a first or primary cause, original form or essence, a cause of existence, any cause or motive. Its 21 recorded definitions are grouped into 9 contexts, among them Primary or General Cause, Band, Rope, or Halter, Original Form or Essence. - **Etymology:** E. नि always or certainly, दा to give, affix ल्युट्; by which all effects are produced — E. ni always or certainly, dā to give, affix lyuṭ; by which all effects are produced - **SLP1:** `nidAna` **IAST:** nidāna **Devanagari:** निदान - **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nidana - **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/nidana/declensions.md ## Meanings by context ### Primary or General Cause (7 definitions) - a first or primary cause *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > a first or primary cause ( cf. नि - बन्धन (ni-bandhana) ), Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 114, 2; Br.; Kāṭh. [ ID=108479 ] - a cause of existence *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > (with, Buddh. ) a cause of existence (12 in number), Monier-Williams’ Buddhism in its connexion with Brāhmaṇism and Hindūism: and in its contrast with Christianity (Title) 56; 103 [ ID=108481 ] - any cause or motive *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > any cause or motive, Divyāv. [ ID=108482 ] - 1. A primary or remote cause. 2. The cessation, removal, or disappearance of a first cause. 3. Purification or correctness. 4. Asking for the rewards of austere devotion. 5. An end or cessation. 6. A rope for tying a calf. 7. The study of disease symptoms and causes. *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > नि (ni) दा (dā) न (nidāna) [Printed book page 467 ] नि (ni) दा (dā) न (nidāna) n. ( - नं (-naṃ) ) 1 A first cause, a primary or remote cause. 2 Disappearance, cessation or removal of a first cause. 3 Purification, purity, correctness. 4 Asking for the recompense or objects of austere devotion. 5 End, cessation. 6 A rope for tying a calf. 7 Ascertaining the causes of disease, study of symptoms with a view to trace the remote or proximate causes; hence this word is the name of a division of all works on medicine. E. नि (ni) always or certainly, दा (dā) to give, affix ल्युट् (lyuṭ); by which all effects are produced. [ ID=21692 ] - 1. A primary cause or its removal. 2. Purification. 3. Asking the fruits of austerity. 4. Studying symptoms. 5. A rope for tying a calf. 6. An end or cessation. *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 417-a ] नि - दान (ni-dāna) ( नं ) ((naṃ)) 1. n. A first cause or its removal; purification; asking the fruits of austerity; studying symptoms; a rope for tying a calf; end, cessation. [ ID=21176 ] - 1. A primary cause. 2. The cessation of a cause. 3. Purification. 4. Asking for the rewards of devotion. 5. An end. 6. A rope for tying a calf. 7. The diagnosis of disease. *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > नि (ni) दान (nidāna) [Printed book page 390-a ] नि (ni) दान (nidāna) n. ( - नं (-naṃ) ) 1. A first cause, a primary or remote cause. 2. Diappearance, cessation or removal of a first cause. 3. Purification purity, correctness. 4. Asking for the recompense or objects of austere devotion. 5. End, cessation. 6. A rope for tying a calf. 7. Ascertaining the causes of disease, study of symptoms with a view to trace the remote or proximate causes; hence this word is the name of a division of all works on medicine. E. नि (ni) always or certainly, देङ् (deṅ) to cherish affix पालने ल्युट्; (pālane lyuṭ;) by which all effects are produced. [ ID=21679 ] - 1. A primary cause. 2. The causes of disease. *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 0472-b ] निदान (nidāna) nidāna, i. e. ni-3. dā + ana, n. Page0473-a+ 41 1. A first cause, Ragh. 3, 1. 2. The causes of disease, Bhāg. P. 6, 1, 8. [ ID=7453 ] ### Band, Rope, or Halter (4 definitions) - a band, rope, or halter *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > 2. नि - (ni-) ° दान (°dāna) n. a band, rope, halter, Ṛg-veda (Title) vi, 32, 6; MBh. [ ID=108478 ] - 1. A rope or halter. 2. A primary cause. 3. A cause in general. 4. End or termination. 5. Purity. 6. Pathology. 7. Diagnosis. *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 379-15 ] निदान (nidāna) f. 1. A rope, a halter; 2. a first or primary cause, निदान (nidāna) मिक्ष्वाकुकुलस्य संततेः (nidānamikṣvākukulasya saṃtateḥ) R. iii.1; 3. a cause in general, मुंच मयि मानमनिदान (nidāna) म् (muṃca mayi mānamanidānam) Git.G. x.; 4. end, termination; 5. purity, purification; 6. inquiring into the internal causes of disease, pathology (in medicine); 7. diagnosis (in medicine). [ ID=19442 ] - 1. A band, rope, or halter. 2. A first cause, original form, essence, or general reason. *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 270 ] निदान (nidāna) n. band, rope, halter; first cause, original form, essence (ph.), cause, reason i.g. — Instr. निदान (nidāna) ेन (nidānena) originally, essentially, really. [ ID=16389 ] - 1. A band, rope, or halter. 2. A primary or original cause. 3. Original form or essence. 4. The study of the causes of disease or pathology. 5. An end, termination, or cessation. 6. Purification or correctness. 7. Claiming the reward of penitential acts. *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)* > [Printed book page 0486-c ] 2. ni-dāna, am, n. (for 1. nidāna see col. 2), a band, a rope, a halter; a rope for tying up a calf &c. a first or original cause, a primary or remote cause [cf. ni-bandhana ]; original form, essence, ( nidānena, ind. originally, essentially, properly); the cause of a disease, inquiry into the causes of disease, pathology, i. e. study of the symptoms with a view to trace the remote or proximate causes, (re- garded as a department of medical science; the six- teen Nidānas being the title of the sixteen divisions into which it is divided; cf. nidāna-sthāna ); N. of a work on metres and Vedic Stomas (see nidāna- sūtra ); end, termination, cessation; purification, purity, correctness; claiming the reward of peni- tential acts. —Nidāna-vat, ān, atī, at, Ved. founded on a cause, essential. —Nidāna-sūtra, am, n. a work in ten Prapāṭhakas on metres and Vedic Stomas. —Nidāna-sthāna, am, n. one of the five depart- ments of medical science, inquiry into the causes of diseases, pathology. [ ID=24621 ] ### Original Form or Essence (2 definitions) - original form or essence *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > original form or essence ( ° नेन (°nena) ind. originally, essentially, properly), Br. [ ID=108480 ] - originally, essentially, properly *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > (H3C) [Printed book page 548,1] नि - (ni-) ° दानेन (°dānena) ind., originally, essentially, properly [ ID=108487.1 ] ### Reproached or Ridiculed (2 definitions) - reproached, ridiculed *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > (H3) [Printed book page 548,1] 1. निदान (nidāna) mfn. reproached, ridiculed, ib. [ ID=108455 ] - reproached, ridiculed *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 0486-b ] 1. nidāna, as, ā, am, Ved. ( = nidyamāna ), reproached, ridiculed. (For 2. see 3. ni-dā, col. 3.) [ ID=24608 ] ### The Nidāna-sūtra Text (2 definitions) - anaphoric reference to nidaana-suutra *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > = निदान - सूत्र (nidāna-sūtra), Cat. [ ID=108484 ] - the name of a Sutra *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects* > निदान (nidāna) [Printed book page 1-449 ] Ni-dāna is the name of a Sūtra, which is referred to in the Bṛhaddevatā 1 apparently as containing a quotation from the Bhāllavi Brāhmaṇa. The quotation cannot be verified in the existing text of the Sūtra. 2 [ Footnote: 1) v. 23, with Macdonell's note.] [ Footnote: 2) Sieg, Die Sagenstoffe des Ṛgveda, 65. Cf. Weber, Indische Studien, 1, 44; Max Müller, Ancient Sanskrit Literature, 111, etc.] [ ID=1570 ] ### Claiming Reward of Austerity (1 definition) - claiming the reward of penitential acts *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > claiming the reward of penitential acts, L. [ ID=108487 ] ### End or Cessation (1 definition) - cessation, end *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > cessation, end, L. [ ID=108485 ] ### Medical Cause or Pathology (1 definition) - the cause of a disease and enquiry into it, pathology *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > the cause of a disease and enquiry into it, pathology (= निदान - स्थान (nidāna-sthāna), q.v. ), L. [ ID=108483 ] ### Purification or Correctness (1 definition) - purification and correctness *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > purification, correctness, L. [ ID=108486 ] ## Sources Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne. The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546