# निद्रा (nidrā)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/nidra

निद्रा (nidrā) is a Sanskrit word meaning to fall asleep, sleep, or slumber, sleep, slumber, or sloth, the budding state of a flower, a mystic, the letter bh, sleep or fall asleep. Its 17 recorded definitions are grouped into 4 contexts, among them Sleep, Sleepiness, Sloth, Budding/Shutting State of Flowers, Verbal Root: To Sleep.

- **Roots:** द्रै (drai), 1. द्रा (1. drā), त्यज् (tyaj), 2. द्रा (2. drā)
- **Etymology:** E. णिद to condemn or censure, Uṇādi affix रक्; or द्रै to sleep, affix क्विप्, and नि prefixed — E. ṇida to condemn or censure, Uṇādi affix rak; or drai to sleep, affix kvip, and ni prefixed
- **SLP1:** `nidrA`  **IAST:** nidrā  **Devanagari:** निद्रा
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/nidra/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Sleep, Sleepiness, Sloth (12 definitions)
- sleep, slumber, or sloth  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H3) [Printed book page 548,2] नि - (ni-) ° द्रा (°drā) b f. sleep, slumber, sleepiness, sloth, RV.; MBh.; Kāv. &c. [ ID=108541 ]
- Sleep or sleepiness  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) 1 Sleep, sleepiness; प्रच्छायसुलभनिद्रा (nidrā) दिवसाः (pracchāyasulabhanidrā divasāḥ) Śakuntalā (Bombay) 1. 3; निद्रा (nidrā) मुद्रा (nidrāmudrā) क्षिपन् (kṣipan) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 2. 12
- Sloth  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) 2 Sloth
- 1. Sleep. 2. Sleepiness.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 140-3 ] निद्रा (nidrā) ni-drā́, f. sleep; sleepiness: -m tyaj, blossom ( of flowers ); -kara, a. soporific, -āgama, m. drowsiness, -daridra, a. suffering from sleeplessness: ī-kṛ, deprive of sleep. [ ID=10576 ]
- 1. Sleep. 2. Sleepiness. 3. Sloth.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > नि (ni) द्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 467 ] नि (ni) द्रा (nidrā) f. ( - द्रा (-drā) ) Sleep, sleepiness, sloth. E. णिद (ṇida) to condemn or censure, Uṇādi affix रक् (rak); or द्रै (drai) to sleep, affix क्विप् (kvip), and नि (ni) prefixed. [ ID=21701 ]
- Sleep  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 417-b ] नि - द्रा (ni-drā) ( द्रा ) ((drā)) 1. f. Sleep. [ ID=21188 ]
- 1. Sleep or sleepiness. 2. The closing of flowers.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 380-02 ] निद्रा (nidrā) f. 1. Sleep, sleepiness, प्रच्छायसुलभनिद्रा (nidrā) दिवसाः (pracchāyasulabhanidrā divasāḥ) Sak. i., R. v.73; 2. shutting (of flowers). [ ID=19448 ]
- 1. Sleep, sleepiness, or sloth. 2. A dream.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > नि (ni) द्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 390-b ] नि (ni) द्रा (nidrā) f. ( - द्रा (-drā) ) 1. Sleep, sleepiness, sloth. 2. Dream. E. णिद् (ṇid) to condemn or censure, Unādi affix रक्; (rak;) or द्रै (drai) to sleep, affix क्विप् (kvip) and नि (ni) prefixed. or more correctly. नि (ni) + द्रा भावे अ । (ni + drā bhāve a.) [ ID=21688 ]
- 1. Sleep. 2. Sleepiness.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 0473-a ] निद्रा (nidrā) ni-2. drā, f. 1. Sleep, Rām. 4, 26, 9. 2. Sleepiness, Hiḍ. 1, 4. — Comp. A-, I. f. sleeplessness. II. adj. ( A-nidra ), sleepless, Rām. 2, 2, 4. Ati -nidra, adj. one who sleeps excessively, 6, 37, 48. Apa-, adj. 1. sleepless, Kir. 5, 26. 2. opened, Śiś. 9, 30. Unnidra, i. e. ud-, and nirnidra, i. e. nis-, adj. sleepless, Megh. 86; Rājat. 2, 98. Yoga-nidrā, f. 1. absorption in pro- found meditation, Pañc. 125, 25. 2. light sleep, 25, 25. Yogi(n)-, f. light sleep, wakefulness. Vi-, adj. 1. sleep- less. 2. blown, budded. [ ID=7458 ]
- sleep  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 270 ] निद्रा (nidrā) f. sleep, ° कर (°kara) † a. causing sleep. [ ID=16400 ]
- sleep  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 181-b ] nidrā́, f. sleep. [ √2drā, ‘sleep,’ + ni. ] [ ID=2296 ]
- 1. Sleep, slumber, or sloth. 2. A mystical name for the letter bh.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > 2. ni-drā, f. (said to be fr. rt. nind + affix ra ), sleep, slumber, sleepiness, sloth; (in flowers the budding state is considered as sleep. hence nidrāṃ tyaj = to bloom); a mystical N. of the letter bh. —Nidrā-daridra, as, m., N. of a poet. —Nidrān- dha (°rā-an°), as, ā, am, blind with sleep. —Ni- drā-bhaṅga, as, m. rousing from sleep, awaking; [cf. bhagna-nidra. ] —Nidrā-maya, as, ī, am, consisting in sleep. —Nidrā-yoga, as, m. sleep and deep meditation; [cf. yoga-nidrā. ] —Nidrā- lasa (°rā-al°), as, ā, am, slothful from drowsi- ness, fast asleep, sleepy. —Nidrā-vṛkṣa, as, m. darkness. —Nidrā-sañjanana, am, n. ‘producing drowsiness,’ phlegm, the phlegmatic humor. [ ID=24644 ]

### Budding/Shutting State of Flowers (2 definitions)
- the budding state of a flower  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the budding state of a flower (hence ° द्रां -√ त्यज् (°drāṃ-√tyaj), to bloom), ŚārṅgP. [ ID=108542 ]
- Shutting, budding state  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) 3 Shutting, budding state

### Verbal Root: To Sleep (2 definitions)
- To fall asleep, sleep, or slumber.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 548,2] a नि - (ni-) √ 1. द्रा (drā) (or √ द्रै (drai) ) P. Ā. - द्रा (drā) यति (-drāyati), ° ते (°te) ( - द्रा (drā) ति (-drāti), Śāntiś.; pf. - दद्रौ (-dadrau), Naiṣ. ), to fall asleep, sleep, slumber, ŚBr.; MBh.; Kāv. &c. [ ID=108540 ]
- sleep or fall asleep  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > निद्रा (nidrā) [Printed book page 0487-a ] निद्रा (nidrā) 1. ni-drā or ni-drai, cl. 1. 2. P. A. -drāyati, -te, -drāti, &c., to fall asleep, sleep. [ ID=24643 ]

### Mystical Name for Letter 'bh' (1 definition)
- 1. A mystic. 2. The letter bh.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a mystic. N. of the letter भ् (bh), Up. [ ID=108543 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546