# पञ्चक (pañcaka)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/panchaka

पञ्चक (pañcaka) is a Sanskrit word meaning consisting of, relating to, or made of five, bought with 5, 5 percent, taking 5 per cent, any collection or aggregate of five, a particular caste. Its 22 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them Adjectival: Consisting of or Relating to Five, Noun: An Aggregate/Collection of Five; A Pentad, Proper Name: Attendant/Companion of Skanda.

- **Etymology:** E. पञ्च five, and कन् aff — E. pañca five, and kan aff
- **SLP1:** `paYcaka`  **IAST:** pañcaka  **Devanagari:** पञ्चक
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchaka
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/panchaka/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** पाञ्चक (pāñcaka), पंचका (paṃcakā), पंचक (paṃcaka)

## Meanings by context

### Adjectival: Consisting of or Relating to Five (9 definitions)
- consisting of, relating to, or made of five  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 578,2] पञ्चक (pañcaka) mfn. consisting of 5, relating to 5, made of 5 &c., Manu-smṛti (Title); Mahābhārata (Title); Suśruta (Title); Purāṇas (Literary category); 5 days old (see below) [ ID=114129 ]
- bought with 5  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > bought with 5 Pāṇini (Author) v, 1, 22, Sch. [ ID=114130 ]
- consisting of five, five days old, or the number five  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 149-2 ] पञ्चक (pañcaka) pañca-ka, a. consisting of five; five days old; with śata, n. five per cent; n. the number five ( πεντάϛ ); ( páñca ) -kapāla, a. ( ī ) distributed in five dishes; -kṛtvas, ad. five times; -gavya, n. sg. & pl. five products of the cow ( milk, curds, butter, urine, dung ); -guṇa, a. five times greater than ( ab. ); -grāmī, f. group of five villages; -catvāriṃśat, f. forty-five; -candra, m. N.; -cūda, a. having five tufts of hair; -janá, m. pl. the five races or kinds: gods, men, Gandharvas and Apsarases, serpents, and Manes; sg. man: ī-ya, a. sacred to the five races; -tantra : -ka, n. T. of a collection of fables in five books; -tapas, a. ( ascetic ) exposing himself to five fires ( one at each cardinal point, with the sun above ); -taya, a. ( ī ) fivefold; -tā, f. fivefold amount; dissolution of the body into the five elements, death; -tīrthī, f. the five sacred bathing-places; N. of a Tīrtha; -triṃśat : -ī, f. thirty-five; -tva, n. fiveness; the five elements, earth, water, fire, air, and ether; dissolution into the five elements, death: -ṃ gam, die; -daśá, a. ( ī ) fifteenth; consisting of fifteen; increased by fifteen; ī, f. fifteenth day in a half-month; -daśan, a. pl. fifteen; -daśa-vārṣika, a. fifteen years old; -daśa‿aha, m. period of fifteen days: i-ka, a. lasting fifteen days; -dhā, ad. in five parts, fivefold; -dhātu, n. sg. the five elements. [ ID=10998 ]
- 1. Relating to or consisting of five. 2. A collection of five. 3. A field of battle.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्च (pañca) क (pañcaka) [Printed book page 492 ] पञ्च (pañca) क (pañcaka) mfn. ( - कः (-kaḥ)- का - कं (-kaṃ) (-kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) ) Five or relating to five, made of five, bought with five, &c. m. ( - कः (-kaḥ) ) Any collection or aggregate of five, a five. n. ( - कं (-kaṃ) ) A field of battle. E. पञ्च (pañca) five, and कन् (kan) aff. [ ID=22814 ]
- 1. Relating to five. 2. A group of five. 3. Field of battle.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 439-a ] पञ्चक (pañcaka) ( कः - का - कं ) ((kaḥ-kā-kaṃ)) a. Relating to five. m. A five. n. Field of battle. [ ID=22286 ]
- 1. Consisting of, relating to, or made of five. 2. A collection of five. 3. A field of battle.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्च (pañca) क (pañcaka) [Printed book page 412-a ] पञ्च (pañca) क (pañcaka) mfn. ( - कः (-kaḥ)- का - कं (-kaṃ) (-kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) ) Five or relating to five, made of five, bought with five, &c. m. ( - कः (-kaḥ) ) Any collection or aggregate of five, a five. n. ( - कं (-kaṃ) ) A field of battle. E. पञ्च (pañca) five, and कन् (kan) aff. [ ID=22799 ]
- 1. Consisting of five. 2. Five in the hundred. 3. The number five. 4. A collection of five.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 0499-b ] पञ्चक (pañcaka) pañcaka, i. e. pañcan + ka, I. adj. 1. Consisting of five, Man. 2, 92. 2. With śata, Five in the hun- dred, Man. 8, 139. II. n. 1. The num- ber five, πεντάς śata-, Five hundred, Pañc. 134, 16. 2. A collection of five, Bhāg. P. 3, 11, 15. — Comp. Pañcap°, i. e. pañcan-, n. the twenty-five (prin- ciples of the Sāṅkhya philosophy), Rām. 3, 53, 42. [ ID=7953 ]
- 1. Consisting of five or five days old. 2. An aggregate of five.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 289 ] पञ्चक (pañcaka) a. consisting of five, five days old, etc.; w. शत (śata) n. five per cent. —m. a man's name; f. पन्चिका (pancikā) a book of 5 chapters; n. aggregate of five. [ ID=17536 ]
- 1. Consisting of, relating to, or made of five. 2. Any collection or aggregate of five. 3. An attendant of Skanda. 4. Each book of the Aitareya-Brāhmaṇa. 5. A game played with five shells. 6. A field of battle.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 0524-c ] Pañcaka, as, ā, am, consisting of five, relating to five, made of five, bought with five &c., taking five per cent; ( as ), m. any collection or aggregate of five; N. of one of the attendants of Skanda; ( ikā ), f., N. of each book of the Aitareya-Brāhmaṇa (as consisting of five Adhyāyas); N. of a game played with five shells; ( am ), n. an aggregate of five, πεντάς; a field of battle. [ ID=26718 ]

### Noun: An Aggregate/Collection of Five; A Pentad (2 definitions)
- any collection or aggregate of five  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) m. any collection or aggregate of 5 Horace H. Wilson, author of first Sanskrit-English dictionary in 1819 (Author) (also n.; cf. g. अर्धर्चा (ardharcā) दि (di) ) [ ID=114133 ]
- an aggregate of five or a pentad  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 578,2] पञ्चक (pañcaka) n. an aggregate of 5, a pentad, Harivaṃśa (Title); Varāha-mihira [Cologne Addition] (Author) &c. [ ID=114140 ]

### Proper Name: Attendant/Companion of Skanda (2 definitions)
- the name of an attendant of Skanda  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of one of the attendants of Skanda, Mahābhārata (Title) [ ID=114135 ]
- a companion of Skanda  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 525-1 ] Pañcaka, a companion of Skanda. § 615 u (Skanda): IX, 45, 2537 (given to Skanda by Indra). [ ID=7897 ]

### Proper Name: Other Specific Individuals or Lines (2 definitions)
- of a son of Nahusha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Nahuṣa, Viṣṇu-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=114136 ]
- a royal line established by Vishvasphani  
  *The Purana Index*
  > पञ्चक (pañcaka) [Printed book page 2-271 ] Pañcakas — a royal line established by Viśvasphāṇi. Vā. 99. 378. [ ID=7405 ]

### Rate: Five Percent / Taking Five Percent (2 definitions)
- 5 percent  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (with शत (śata) n. ) 5 percent, Manu-smṛti (Title); Yājñavalkya (Author) [ ID=114131 ]
- taking 5 per cent  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > taking 5 per cent, Pāṇini (Author) v, 1, 47, Vārtt. 1, Patañjali (Author) [ ID=114132 ]

### Group of People: The Five First Disciples of Buddha (1 definition)
- the first five disciples of Gautama Buddha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > pl. the 5 first disciples of Gautama Buddha, Jātakamālā (Title) [ ID=114137 ]

### Location: A Field of Battle (1 definition)
- a field of battle  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a field of battle, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=114141 ]

### Recreation: Name of a Game (1 definition)
- A game played with five shells.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a game played with 5 shells, Pāṇini (Author) ii, 1, 10, Sch. [ ID=114139 ]

### Social: A Specific Caste (1 definition)
- a particular caste  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a partic. caste, Viṣṇu-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=114134 ]

### Textual: A Work in Five Parts (Pañcikā) (1 definition)
- a book consisting of five chapters  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 578,2] पञ्चिका (pañcikā) a f. a book consisting of 5 Adhyāyas (as those of the Aitareya-brāhmaṇa (Title) ) [ ID=114138 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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