# प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pradyumna

प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) is a Sanskrit word meaning the god of love, the pleasant, the intellect, a son of Manu and Nadvala, of a king, of several authors and teachers. Its 22 recorded definitions are grouped into 7 contexts, among them Kāma, God of Love, Son of Kṛṣṇa, Other Notable Individuals Named Pradyumna, Composite Entries Listing Multiple Meanings.

- **Etymology:** E. प्र pre-eminent, द्यम्न power — E. pra pre-eminent, dyamna power
- **SLP1:** `pradyumna`  **IAST:** pradyumna  **Devanagari:** प्रद्युम्न
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradyumna
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pradyumna/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Kāma, God of Love, Son of Kṛṣṇa (8 definitions)
- the god of love  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 680,2] प्र - द्युम्न (pra-dyumna) m. ‘the pre-eminently mighty one’, N. of the god of love (re-born as a son of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī, or as a son of Saṃkarṣaṇa and then identified with Sanat-kumāra), Mahābhārata (Title); Kāvya literature (Literary category) &c. [ ID=134834 ]
- The Hindu god of love, son of Krishna.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्र (pra) द्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 572 ] प्र (pra) द्युम्न (pradyumna) m. ( - म्नः (-mnaḥ) ) KĀMA, the Hindū CUPID, reborn as the son of KṚṢṆA. E. प्र (pra) pre-eminent, द्यम्न (dyamna) power. [ ID=26398 ]
- Kama  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 513-b ] प्र - द्युम्न (pra-dyumna) ( म्नः ) ((mnaḥ)) 1. m. Kāma. [ ID=25895 ]
- an epithet of the god of love  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 472-18 ] प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) m. An epithet of the god of love. [ ID=24524 ]
- Kama, the Hindu god of love, reborn as the son of Krishna  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्र (pra) द्युम्न (dyumna) (pradyumna) [Printed book page 488-a ] प्र (pra) द्युम्न (dyumna) (pradyumna) m. ( - म्नः (-mnaḥ) ) KĀMA, the Hindu CUPID, reborn as the son of KRISHṆA. by Rukmini. He was Stolen from the lying-in-chamber by Sambara when he was but six days old. Sambara cast him into the ocean when a large fish swallowed the child. The fish was caught by a fisherman and delivered to Sambara. When the fish was cut open his wife Māyābati found the beautiful boy alive and reared him up. When Pradyumna knew that Sambara had stolen him when a child he defied the demon to battle and killed him and went back to his father's house with Māyābati as his wife. E. प्र (pra) pre-eminent, द्युम्न (dyumna) power. [ ID=26986 ]
- The god of love  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 0600-b ] प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) pra-dyumna, m. The god of love. [ ID=9743 ]
- son of Krishna and Rukmini  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 554-2 ] Pradyumna, son of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī. § 132 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 67, 2786 (incarnation of Sanatkumāra).—§ 253 (Haraṇā- haraṇap.): I, 221, 7992 (came to the marriage of Arjuna and Subhadrā).—§ 262 (Bhagavadyāna): II, 2, 56 ( °-Śāmba- Niśathāṃś ca ).—§ 287 (Rājasūyikap.): II, 34, 1275 ( Gada- P°-Śāmbāś ca, came to the rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira).— § 317 (Arjunābhigamanap.): III, 12, 534 ( °o yādṛśaḥ ).— § 320 (Saubhavadhop.): III, 16, 667, 687, 691; 17, 699, 700, 701, 704, 705, 712, 713, 716; 18, 717, 718, (728), 738; 19, 750, 761, 765, 774, 775 ( P.'s encounter with Śālva, whom he defeated).—§ 342 (Indralokābhigamanap.): Page555-a+ 61 III, 51, 1994 (will assist the Pāṇḍavas), 2009 ( °-Sāmbau, do.).—§ 402 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 120, †10262 ( °-Śāmbau, do.), †10269 ( °muktān niśitān ).—§ 510 (Draupadī-Satya- bhāmāsaṃv.): III, 234, †14719 ( °-Śāmbau ).—§ 511 (do.): III, 235, 14735 ( °jananī, i.e. Rukminī), 14737.—§ 554 (Sainyodyogap.): V, 1 α, †5 ( °-Śāmbau ); 3, 59 ( Gada-P°- Śāmbāṃś ca Kālavajrānalopamān ).—§ 561 g (Sahadeva): V, 50, 1999.—§ 562 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 90, 3218.—§ 567 (do.): V, 131 ο, 4426 ( Vṛṣṇayaḥ…P°mukhāḥ ).—§ 581 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VI, 65, 2967 (Kṛṣṇa created himself as P., born from his own self), 2968 (from P. Kṛṣṇa created Aniruddha).—§ 589 (Droṇābhiṣekap.): VII, 11 ξ, 408.—§ 593 (Abhimanyuvadhap.): VII, 35 ε, 1521.—§ 596 (Pratijñāp.): VII, 72, 2510 ( °sya priyaṃ, sc. Abhimanyu). —§ 597 (do.): VII, 84, 3005.—§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 110 σ, 4193, 4227 (is an atiratha): 111, 4250, [4263 ( b: Kārṣṇiḥ…Makaradhvajaḥ )].—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkaca- vadhap.): VII, 156 ζ, 6732.—§ 602 (Droṇavadhap.): VII, 191 ξ, 8798 ( °-Yuyudhānābhyāṃ ).—§ 617 b (Brahmaśiras): X, 12, 636 ( Sanatkumāraḥ, son of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī).— § 641 (Rājadh.): XII, 81, 3030 ( rūpena mattaḥ P°ḥ ).— § 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 340, 12902 ( P. is the manas of all creatures, which springing from Saṅkarṣaṇa becomes Sanatkumāra), 12905 ( P. = manas sprang from Saṅkarṣaṇa, from P. sprang Aniruddha), 12937 (Saṅkarṣaṇa begot P., from P. sprang Aniruddha); 345, 13386 ( manobhūtāḥ …P°ṃ praviśanti ).—§ 730 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 14, 617 ( °-Cārudeṣṇādīn Rukmiṇyāḥ…putrakān ), (α), 621. —§ 769 (do.): XIII, 149, 7017 (Viṣṇu's 1000 names).— § 773 b (Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 159, 7392 (considered as [the third] form of Kṛṣṇa); 160, 7403, 7406.—§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 86 τ, 2557 (accompanied Kṛṣṇa); 88, 2611 ( iva ); 89 ω, 2680 ( Vṛṣṇivīrāṃś ca P°ādyān ).—§ 793 (Mausalap.): XVI, 3, 75 (ζ), 101 (is slain); 6, 155.— § 795 (Svargārohaṇap.): XVIII, 5 μ, 160 (after death P. entered Sanatkumāra). Cf. also the following synonyms:— Jānardani : III, 723. Kārṣṇi, q.v. Makaradhvaja, Makaraketumat, q.v. Raukmiṇeya (“the son of Rukmiṇī”): I, 6997, 7914; II, 129; III, 683, 692, 726, 751, 764, 768, 771, 836, †12584, †12586; V, †1881, 5331; VII, 4260; XIII, 616 (had slain Śambara), 7407, 7409, 7454; XIV, 1938; XVI, 157. Rukmiṇinandana (do.): III, 708, 714, 763; XVI, 89. Sātvatamukhya, Vṛṣṇipravīra, q.v. [ ID=8471 ]
- The eldest son of Krishna and Rukmini, and the reincarnation of the god of love.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 2-416 ] Pradyumna (I) — the eldest son of Kṛṣṇa by Rukminī; in his previous birth the God of Love (Kāma, Smara); 1 within ten days of his birth Śambara stole him and threw the babe into the sea; was swallowed by a fish; fishermen who caught the fish presented it to Śambara who asked the cooks to cook it; when cut open there was the child inside and Nārada asked Māyāvatī in charge of the kitchen to take care of the child after telling her the truth about it; that it was the re-incarnation of her husband Kāma; she brought up the child more as a lover; asked by Pradyumna why she was not behaving as a mother but as a wife she explained that she was Ratī and himself Kāma, and also as to how he came there by Śambara's act; taught Māyāvatī the vidyā of Page2-417+ 46 Mahāmāyā: he invited Śambara to battle and cut off his head; then Māyāvatī took him by air to Dvārakā the resi- dence of Rukmiṇī and Kṛṣṇa; in Kṛṣṇa's palace, women found the likeness of Kṛṣṇa in him and Rukminī thought of her lost son; to their wonder and joy Nārada related the life story of Pradyumna; the couple were embraced by all of them and the whole Dvārakā was filled with satisfaction. 2 Won his wife Rukmāvatī (Vaidarbhī) in a Svayamvara after vanquishing his rivals; father of Aniruddha; 3 attended his son's marriage at Bhojakaṭa; 4 Picture drawn by Citra- lekha; 5 one among the Vṛṣṇis who went to attack Bāṇa's city; 6 fought with Guha; 7 went along with his brothers to play and seeing a huge lizard in a well reported the same to Kṛṣṇa; 8 defended Dvārakā with other Yadus when Śālva besieged it; defeated Śālva's commander-in-chief and did other feats of valour; had a hit in the chest by Śālva's minis- ter Dyumat and was taken out by his charioteer, whom he chided for his action; the charioteer defended his action under the ethics of war; attacked and vanquished Dyumat; 9 went to Syamantapañcaka for the solar eclipse; 10 went with Kṛṣṇa's sacrificial horse; 11 unable to recover the dead son of the Dvārakā Brahmana; 12 fought with Sāmba at Prabhāsa deluded by Kṛṣṇa; 13 at his death his wives burnt themselves in fire. [ Footnote: 1) Vi. IV. 15. 37; V. 26. 12 to the end; ch. 27 (whole); 28. 6-7; 32. 1 and 6; Bhā. I. 10. 29; 11. 17; 14. 30; X. 40. 21; 61. 7 and 9; 90. 35; Br. III. 71. 245; 72. 1; IV. 29. 128; Vā. 96. 237.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. X. ch. 55 (whole); M. 47. 15, 23; 93. 51; 101; 10; 248. 48.] [ Footnote: 3) Bhā. X. 61. 18, 22, 23 [8]; 90. 36. Vi. IV. 15. 39.] [ Footnote: 4) Bhā. X. 61. 26.] [ Footnote: 5) Ib. X. 62. 20; Vi. V. 32. 24.] [ Footnote: 6) Bhā. X. 63. 3.] [ Footnote: 7) Ib. X. 63. 7.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. X. 64. 1-4.] [ Footnote: 9) Ib. X. 76. 13-33. 77. 1-3.] [ Footnote: 10) Ib. X. 82. 6.] [ Footnote: 11) Ib. X. 89. 22. [2].] [ Footnote: 12) Ib. X. 89. 31 and 41; 90. 33.] [ Footnote: 13) Ib. XI. 30. 16.] [ Footnote: 14) Ib. X. 31. 20; Vi. V. 33. 12; 37. 46.] [ ID=8571 ]

### Other Notable Individuals Named Pradyumna (5 definitions)
- a son of Manu and Nadvala  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a son of Manu and Naḍvalā, Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=134837 ]
- of a king  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a king, Kathāsaritsāgara (Title) [ ID=134838 ]
- of several authors and teachers  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of sev. authors and teachers, Catalogue(s) [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=134839 ]
- a son of Chakshusha Manu  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 2-417 ] Pradyumna (II) — a son of Cākṣuṣa Manu. Bhā. IV. 13. 16 [ ID=8572 ]
- a son of Bhanuman  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Pradyumna (III) — a son of Bhānumān. Br. III. 64. 19; Vā. 89. 19. [ ID=8573 ]

### Composite Entries Listing Multiple Meanings (3 definitions)
- 1. The god of love or Kama. 2. Intellect. 3. A proper name. 4. A mountain. 5. A river.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 178-3 ] प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) pra-dyumna, m. (Mighty), god of love; the pleasant (= kāma); intellect (= manas); N.; N. of a mtn.; N. of a river : -pura, n. N. of a city; -dyotá, m. flashing forth, radiance, light; N. of a Yakṣa and of various kings; -dyotin, a. illustration, explaining ( —° ). [ ID=12217 ]
- The god of love, several men, a mountain, and a river  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 340 ] प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) m. E. of the god of love ( lit. the powerful), N. of sev. men, a mountain, & a river. [ ID=20651 ]
- 1. An epithet of Kamadeva, the god of love. 2. A son of Krishna and Rukmini. 3. A son of Manu and Nadvala. 4. An astronomer. 5. A mountain. 6. A river.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) [Printed book page 0631-b ] प्रद्युम्न (pradyumna) pra-dyumna, as, m. (fr. pra + dyumna, see p. 438, col. 1), ‘the pre-eminently mighty one,’ an epithet of Kāma-deva the god of love, or of that deity in another birth (regarded as a son of Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī, or as a son of Saṅkar- ṣaṇa and then identified with Sanat-kumāra); N. of a son of Manu and Naḍvalā; of an astronomer; of a mountain (?); of a river. —Pradyumna-pura, am, n. ‘Pradyumna's city,’ N. of a town on the Candra-bhāgā or Chenab. —Pradyumna-vijaya, as, m. ‘Pradyumna's victory (over Vajra-nābha),’ N. of a drama by Śaṅkara-dīkṣita. —Pradyumnāgamana (°na-āg°), am, n. the arrival of Pradyumna. —Pra- dyumnāgamanīya, as, ā, am, treating of the arrival of Pradyumna. [ ID=32080 ]

### Abstract Concepts (Intellect, Pleasantness) (2 definitions)
- the pleasant  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the pleasant (= काम (kāma) ), Subhāṣitāvali (Title) [ ID=134835 ]
- the intellect  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the intellect (= मनस् (manas) ), Śaṃkarācārya [Cologne Addition] (Author) [ ID=134836 ]

### Geographical Features (Mountain, River) (2 definitions)
- of a mountain  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a mountain, Rājataraṃgiṇī (Title) [ ID=134840 ]
- of a river  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a river, in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=134841 ]

### A Vamśavīra (Hero of the Lineage) (1 definition)
- a hero of the Vamsha clan  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Pradyumna (V) — a Vamśavīra. Vā. 97. 1. [ ID=8575 ]

### Epithet or Manifestation of Viṣṇu (1 definition)
- 1. An epithet of Vishnu. 2. The worship of Vishnu.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 2-418 ] Pradyumna (IV) — an epithet of Viṣṇu; 1 worship of. 2 [ Footnote: 1) M. 276. 8; Vi. V. 18. 58; Vā. 111. 21.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. I. 5. 37; IV. 24. 35; VI. 16. 18.] [ ID=8574 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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