# प्रतिमा (pratimā)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pratima

प्रतिमा (pratimā) is a Sanskrit word meaning to imitate or copy, a creator, maker, or framer, an image, likeness, or symbol, a picture, statue, figure, or idol, reflection after a word meaning moon, measure, extent. Its 24 recorded definitions are grouped into 8 contexts, among them Image, Idol, Figure, Symbol, Reflection, Reflected Image, Creator, Maker (masc.).

- **Roots:** मा (mā), 1. मा (1. mā)
- **SLP1:** `pratimA`  **IAST:** pratimā  **Devanagari:** प्रतिमा
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratima_%28Jainism%29
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pratima/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** प्रतिम (pratima)

## Meanings by context

### Image, Idol, Figure, Symbol (10 definitions)
- an image, likeness, or symbol  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > प्रति - मा (prati-mā) ( आ (ā) ), f. an image, likeness, symbol, RV. &c. &c. [ ID=132858 ]
- A picture, statue, figure, or idol.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a picture, statue, figure, idol, Mn.; Hariv.; Ragh. ( Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams (Title) 218, 1; 241 ) [ ID=132859 ]
- An image, likeness, or statue.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 1 An image, a likeness, statue, figure, an idol; Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 16. 39
- A symbol.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 6 A symbol
- 1. Likeness, image, figure, picture, idol, or symbol. 2. Measure. 3. Resembling or like.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 174-3 ] प्रतिमा (pratimā) prati-mā́, f. [counter-measure], likeness, image, figure; picture; idol; symbol ( °— with a word meaning moon = reflected moon, reflexion of the moon ); measure; —° a. ( a ) resembling, like; -mātṛ, ad. according to the several mothers; -mātrā, f. pl. all the morae; -mā́na, n. counter-measure; well-matched opponent; pattern; comparison, resemblance, equality; weight ( measure ); -mānanā, f. homage; -mānayitavya, fp. to be regarded or considered; -māyā, f. countercharm; -mārga, m. way back; -mā-viśeṣa, m. kind of image or figure; -māsa, °— or -m, ad. every month. [ ID=12115 ]
- 1. An image, figure, or idol. 2. A reflection. 3. Measure or extent. 4. The part of an elephant's head between the tusks. 5. Similarity or similitude.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 466-31 ] प्रतिमा (pratimā) f. 1. An image, a figure, an idol, R. xvi.39, M. ix.285; 2. a reflection, पंकजानां मध्ये स्फुरंतं प्रतिमा (pratimā) शाशांकम् (paṃkajānāṃ madhye sphuraṃtaṃ pratimāśāśāṃkam) R. vii.64, xii.100; 3. measure, extent; 4. the part of an elephant’s head between the tusks; 5. similarity, similitude, R. ii.49. [ ID=24232 ]
- 1. A resemblance or figure. 2. An idol. 3. The part of an elephant's head between the tusks.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 0593-a ] प्रतिमा (pratimā) prati-mā, f., and प्रतिमा (pratimā) न (pratimāna) Page0593-b+ 43 pratimāna, i. e. prati-mā + ana, n. 1. A resemblance, a figure, Hit. ii. d. 149. 2. An idol, Man. 9, 285. 3. The part of an elephant's head between the tusks. — Comp. A-pratima, adj., f. mā, incomparable, Pañc. iii. d. 240. Devatā-pratimā, f. Image of a deity. Puṣpita-palāśa-, adj. Resembling a Butea frondosa full of flowers, Pañc. 91, 7. [ ID=9593 ]
- 1. Masculine: A creator. 2. Feminine: An image, likeness, picture, idol, or symbol. 3. Adjective: Resembling or equal to.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 336 ] प्रतिमा (pratimā) m. framer, creator; f. measure, image, likeness, picture, idol, symbol, emblem; adj. —° resembling, equal to. [ ID=20388 ]
- 1. Match. 2. Image or likeness.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 195-a ] pratimā́, f. match; image; likeness. [ √1mā + prati, ‘make (so as to be a match) against’: for mg, cf. Eng. counterfeit, ‘imitated,’ fr. French contre-fait, whose elements go back to Lat. contra and facere. ] [ ID=2720 ]
- 1. A creator, maker, or framer. 2. An image, likeness, picture, figure, idol, or symbol. 3. A reflection. 4. Measure or extent. 5. The part of an elephant's head between the tusks. 6. A metre consisting of twelve syllables.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > 2. prati-mā, ās, m. a creator, maker, framer (Ved.); ( ā ), f. an image, likeness, resemblance (frequently at the end of comps. in the sense of ‘like, similar, resembling, equal to,’ e. g. amara-p°, like an immortal), picture, figure, idol; a symbol; a reflection; measure, extent; the part of an ele- phant's head between the tusks; a metre consist- ing of twelve syllables. —Pratima-tā (?), f. or pratima-tva (?), am, n. reflection, image, shadow. —Pratimā-gata, as, ā, am, ‘gone to a statue,’ present in an idol (as a deity). —Pratimā-candra, as, m. ‘reflection-moon,’ the reflected moon, image of the moon. —Pratimā-paricāraka, as, m. an attendant upon an idol ( = devala, q. v.). —Pratimā- viśeṣa, as, m. a sort of image, a kind of figure or character. —Pratimā-śaśāṅka, as, or pratimendu (°mā-in°), us, m. ‘reflection-moon,’ the reflected moon, image of the moon. [ ID=31149 ]

### Reflection, Reflected Image (4 definitions)
- reflection after a word meaning moon  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > reflection (in comp. after a word meaning ‘moon’ cf. below) [ ID=132860 ]
- A reflection or reflected image.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 3 A reflection, reflected image; मुखमिंदुरुज्ज्वलकपोलमतः प्रतिमा (mā) च्छलेन (mukhamiṃdurujjvalakapolamataḥ pratimācchalena) सुदृशामविशत् (sudṛśāmaviśat) Śiśupālavadha 9. 48, 73; Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 7. 64; 12. 100
- the reflected moon  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — चंद्रः (caṃdraḥ) the reflected moon, reflection of the moon; Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 10. 65; so प्रतिमेंदुः (pratimeṃduḥ)
- like the moon  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — प्रतिमाशशांकः (pratimāśaśāṃkaḥ)

### Creator, Maker (masc.) (2 definitions)
- A creator, maker, or framer.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 669,1] प्रति - मा (prati-mā) b m. a creator, maker, framer, AV.; VS. [ ID=132857 ]
- A creator or maker  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) m. Ved. A creator, maker

### Measure, Extent (2 definitions)
- measure, extent  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > measure, extent ( cf. below) [ ID=132861 ]
- A measure or extent.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 4 A measure, extent

### Part of an elephant's head (2 definitions)
- the part of an elephant's head between the tusks  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the part of an elephant's head between the tusks (also ° (°) म (° (°)ma) m. ), L. ( ifc. like, similar, resembling, equal to, TBr.; MBh. &c. having the measure of, as long or wide &c. as, e.g. त्रि - नल्व - प्र् (tri-nalva-pr) ° (°), 3 Nalvas long, Hariv.; ° (°) म (° (°)ma)- ता (° (°)ma-tā) f. ° (°) म (° (°)ma)- त्व (° (°)ma-tva) n. reflection, image, shadow, W. ) [ ID=132863 ]
- The part of an elephant head between the tusks.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 5 The part of an elephant's head between the tusks

### Verb: To imitate, copy, compare (2 definitions)
- to imitate or copy  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 669,1] प्रति - (prati-) √ मा (√mā) a Ā. - मिमीते (-mimīte) ( Ved. inf. प्रति - (prati-) मै (prati-mai) ), to imitate, copy, RV.; VS.; Kauś. [ ID=132856 ]
- to imitate or compare  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > प्रतिमा (pratimā) [Printed book page 0618-a ] प्रतिमा (pratimā) 1. prati-mā, cl. 2. P., 3. 4. A. -māti, -mimīte, -māyate, -mātum, to imitate, copy (Ved.); to compare. [ ID=31148 ]

### A Metre (Prosody) (1 definition)
- a name of a meter  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a metre, RPrāt. [ ID=132862 ]

### Resemblance, Likeness, Comparison (1 definition)
- resemblance or similitude, often used in compounds to mean like, similar, or equal to  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मा (mā) 2 Resemblance, similitude; oft. in comp. in the sense of ‘like, similar, or equal to’; देवप्रतिम (devapratima), अप्रतिम (apratima) &c.; गुगेः कृशानुप्रतिमा (mā) त् (gugeḥ kṛśānupratimāt) Raghuvaṃśa (Bombay) 2. 49

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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