# पुरूरवस् (purūravas)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pururavas

पुरूरवस् (purūravas) is a Sanskrit word meaning crying much or loudly, name of an ancient king of the lunar race, the son of Buddha and second king of the lunar dynasty, a demigod of the Vishvadevas class, the son of Buddha of the lunar race, crying loud. Its 13 recorded definitions are grouped into 4 contexts, among them The Mythological King Purūravas, Cross-Reference Entries, A Distinct Purūravas (Viśvedeva).

- **SLP1:** `purUravas`  **IAST:** purūravas  **Devanagari:** पुरूरवस्
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pururavas
- **Declensions:** 72 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/pururavas/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** पुरुरवस् (pururavas)

## Meanings by context

### The Mythological King Purūravas (9 definitions)
- Name of an ancient king of the lunar race  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > पुरू (purū) — रवस् (—ravas) m. N. of an ancient king of the lunar race (the lover of Urvaśī [ cf. Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 95; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa (Title) xi, 5, 1 and Kālidāsa's drama Vikramorvaśī], son of Budha and Iḻā, father of Āyus and ancestor of Puru Duṣyanta, Bharata, Kuru, Dhṛta-rāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu, supposed to have instituted the 3 sacrificial fires [ Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā (Title) v, 2 ]; according to Nirukta, by Yāska (Title) x, 46 he is one of the beings belonging to the middle region of the universe, and is possibly to be connected with the Sun as Urvaśī is with the Dawn; according to others a Viśva-deva or a Pārvaṇa-śrāddha-deva), Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. [ ID=126428 ]
- The son of Budha and Ila and founder of the lunar race of kings.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 0712-a ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) m. [ cf. Uṇādisūtras 4. 231 ] The son of Budha and Ilā and founder of the lunar race of kings. [He saw the nymph Urvaśī, while descending upon earth owing to the curse of Mitra and Varuṇa, and fell in love with her. Urvaśī, too, was enamoured of the king who was as renowned for personal beauty as for truthfulness, devotion, and generosity, and became his wife. They lived happily together for many days, and after she had borne him a son, she returned to the heaven. The king heavily mourned her loss, and she was pleased to repeat her visits five successive times and bore him five sons. But the king, who wanted her life-long company, was not evidently satisfied with this; and he obtained his desired object after he had offered oblations as directed by the Gandharvas. The story told in Vikramorvaśīya differs in many respects; so does the account given in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, based on a passage in the Ṛgveda, where it is said that Urvaśī agreed to live with Purūravas on two conditions:-namely that her two rams which she loved as children must be kept near her bed-side and never suffered to be carried away, and that he must take care never to be seen by her undressed. The Gandharvas, however, carried away the rams, and so Urvaśī disappeared]. [ ID=19163 ]
- 1. Crying loud. 2. The lover of Urvashi.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 165-3 ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) purū-rávas, a. crying much or loud; m. N. of the lover of Urvaśī; -vásu, a. possessing many goods, abounding in wealth. [ ID=11767 ]
- 1. The son of Buddha and second king of the lunar dynasty. 2. A demigod of the Vishvadevas class.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 544 ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) m. ( - वाः (-vāḥ) ) 1 The son of BUDDHA, and second king of the lunar dynasty. 2 A demigod, of the class of Viśvadevas. E. पुरु (ru) (puru) much, रु (ru) to sound, Uṇādi aff. असि (asi), form irr. [ ID=25158 ]
- 1. The son of Buddha of the lunar race. 2. A demigod.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 488-a ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) ( वाः ) ((vāḥ)) 5. m. The son of Bud- dha of the lunar race; a demigod. [ ID=24635 ]
- The name of a king.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 0562-b ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) purūravas, m. The name of a king. [ ID=9005 ]
- 1. Crying loudly. 2. The name of a mythical king and hero.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 321 ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) a. crying loudly; m. N. of a myth. king and hero. [ ID=19539 ]
- A legendary king, son of Budha and Ila, known for his love story with the celestial nymph Urvashi, and as an originator of the sacred fires and the lunar dynasty.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 2-355 ] Purūravas (I) — (Aila) son of Budha and (Sudyumna in female form) Ilā; anointed king of Pratiṣṭhāna (Pra- yāgā) by Sudyumna when he retired to forest; 1 eager for territory; 2 having heard of his beauty from Nārada, Ūrvaśī Page2-356+ 47 desired to marry him; she met the king and offered to be with him under two conditions, that he would undertake to protect the two sheep in her custody, and never to show himself naked except at their sexual intercourse; agreeing to the conditions he enjoyed her company, going round the earth, and frequenting Caitraratha and other gardens; miss- ing Ūrvaśi, Indra asked his Gandharvas to fetch her back; at midnight they stole the sheep, and hearing their noise she induced Purūravas to recover them; the king who was then naked, went as he was and fetched them back; but Ūrvaśī seeing him naked left him; mad in love with her he followed her naked begging her to stay on; he found her playing in the Sarasvatī waters with five friends; on an appeal from him she agreed to sleep with him one day every year; but he was all anxious to have her for ever; on her advice he prayed to the Gandharvas who gave him accom- modation and an Agnisṭhālī; he left it on the way in a forest and went home; meanwhile Tretāyuga had commenced; he went to see his sthālī but found an aśvattha instead; there in order to get at Ūrvaśī he cut off a couple of branches (araṇi) and churned them; fire, Jātavedas came with the three Vedas who all became his sons; by this one Veda became three; 3 had six sons Āyu and others by Ūrvaśī; 4 finding she had gone once for all, he repented his action, got ashamed of his position as king and devoted himself to Hari; worshipped the Fire which was his son and reached the Gandharva world; the story given as an example of the evils of bad association; 5 meets Pitṛs every New Moon day; a Kṣatriya mantravādin; ācārya of Sāmagas; originator of three sacred fires 6 of the Ikṣvāku line but originator of the lunar race and a Rājaṛṣi; the Ailas came into prominence in the Tretāyuga and declined in the Kali. 7 By meditating on the 108 names of the Devī scored success over his enemies; 8 as a result of tapas at the Himālayas in honour of Janārdana, became the lord of the seven Dvīpas; slew Keśī and other Asuras; was offered ardhāsanam by Indra, going to see him every day; paid more attention to Dharma Page2-357+ 29 and incurred the displeasure of Artha and Kāma; Initiated in Bharatanāṭya Śāstra 9 in Dvijagrāma, became the king of Madradeśa in the Cākṣuṣa Manvantara; 10 served Kūhu and Sinīvāli to obtain nectar from the moon for per- forming rituals to the Pitṛs; gained his wish by the blessings of Atri 11 and by tapas in the Himālayas. 12 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. IX. 1. 35, 42; Br. III. 65. 45-6; 66. 1-2, 19-22; M. 12. 15; Vā. 1. 106; Vi. IV. 1. 12 and 16.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. XII. 3. 9.] [ Footnote: 3) Ib. IX. 14. 15-49; Vā. 91. 1-52; Vi. IV. 6. 34-93.] [ Footnote: 4) Bhā. IX. 15. 1; 17. 1; Vā. 91. 48; Br. I. 1. 89; 2. 14.] [ Footnote: 5) Bhā. XI. 26. 3-35.] [ Footnote: 6) Br. II. 28. 1-9, 97; 32. 120; 33. 9; M. 145. 115; Vā. 56. 1, 22; 91. 48.] [ Footnote: 7) M. 12. 15; 13. 62; 273. 52-3, 65.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. 13. 62.] [ Footnote: 9) Ib. 24. 10-33.] [ Footnote: 10) Ib. 115. 4, 7-8, 10-18.] [ Footnote: 11) Ib. 141, 1, 8-20.] [ Footnote: 12) Ib. chh. 116-17, 119; 120. 48.] [ ID=8093 ]
- A hero and king, paired with the nymph Urvashi in Vedic literature.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 2-003 ] Purū-ravas is the name of a hero in a hymn of the Rigveda 1 containing a curious dialogue between him and a nymph, Urvaśī, an Apsaras. He is also mentioned in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, 2 where several verses of the Rigvedic dialogue find a setting in a continuous story. In the later literature he is recognized as a king. 3 His name is perhaps intended in one other passage of the Rigveda. 4 It is impossible to say whether he is a mythical figure pure and simple, or really an ancient king. His epithet, Aiḷa, 5 ‘descendant of Iḍā’ (a sacrificial goddess), is certainly in favour of the former alternative. [ Footnote: 1) x. 95.] [ Footnote: 2) xi. 5, 1, 1. Cf. iii. 4, 1, 22; Kāṭhaka Saṃhitā, viii. 10; Nirukta, x. 46.] [ Footnote: 3) See Geldner, Vedische Studien, 1, 283 et seq. ] [ Footnote: 4) i. 31, 4.] [ Footnote: 5) Satapatha Brāhmaṇa, xi. 5, 1, 1. Cf. Weber, Indische Studien, 1, 196; Max Müller, Chips, 42, 109 et seq.; Kuhn, Die Herabkunft des Feuers, 85 et seq.; Roth, Nirukta, Erläuterungen, 153; Macdonell, Vedic Mythology, 124, 135; Oldenberg, Sacred Books of the East, 46, 28, 323.] [ ID=1880 ]

### Cross-Reference Entries (2 definitions)
- See column 1.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 637,3] पुरू - रवस् (purū-ravas) b See col. 1. [ ID=126635 ]
- See page 585, column 2.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > पुरूरवस् (purūravas) [Printed book page 0586-b ] पुरूरवस् (purūravas) purū-ravas. See p. 585, col. 2. [ ID=29562 ]

### A Distinct Purūravas (Viśvedeva) (1 definition)
- a Vishvadeva  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 2-357 ] Purūravas (II) — a Viśvedeva. Br. III. 3. 31. [ ID=8094 ]

### Adjectival Meaning: Crying Loudly (1 definition)
- crying much or loudly  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H3) [Printed book page 637,1] पुरू (purū) — रवस् (—ravas) a mfn. crying much or loudly, Ṛg-veda (Title) i, 31, 4 [ ID=126427 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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