# राम (rāma)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/rama

राम (rāma) is a Sanskrit word meaning dark, dark-colored, or black, white, pleasing and beautiful, a kind of deer, a horse, a lover. Its 64 recorded definitions are grouped into 24 contexts, among them The Three Principal Rāmas (General & Comprehensive Entries), Plants and Plant Products, Other Individuals Named Rāma.

- **Root:** रम् (ram)
- **Etymology:** E. रम to sport, aff. घञ् — E. rama to sport, aff. ghañ
- **SLP1:** `rAma`  **IAST:** rāma  **Devanagari:** राम
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/rama/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** रामा (rāmā), रमा (ramā), रम (rama)

## Meanings by context

### The Three Principal Rāmas (General & Comprehensive Entries) (9 definitions)
- 1. Name of various mythical personages including Parashurama, Ramachandra, and Balarama. 2. Name of a king of Mallapura.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of various mythical personages (in Veda two Rāmas are mentioned with the patr. Mārgaveya and Aupatasvini; another R° s with the patr. Jāmadagnya [ cf. below] is the supposed author of Ṛg-veda (Title) x, 110; in later times three R° s are celebrated, viz. 1. Paraśu-rāma [ q.v. ], who forms the 6th Avatāra of Viṣṇu and is sometimes called Jāmadagnya, as son of the sage Jamad-agni by Reṇukā, and sometimes Bhārgava, as descended from Bhṛgu; 2. Rāma-candra [see below]; 3. Bala-rāma [ q.v. ], ‘the strong Rāma’, also called Halāyudha and regarded as elder brother of Kṛṣṇa [ Religious Thought and Life in India, also called ’Brāhmanism and Hindūism,’ by Sir M. Monier-Williams (Title) 112 ] accord. to Jainas a Rāma is enumerated among the 9 white Balas; and in VP. a R° s is mentioned among the 7 Ṛṣis of the 8th Manv-antara), Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. &c. N. of a king of Malla-pura, Cat. [ ID=177272 ]
- 1. Parashurama, son of Jamadagni. 2. Balarama, son of Vasudeva. 3. Ramachandra, son of Dasharatha and seventh incarnation of Vishnu.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मः (maḥ) 1 N. of three celebrated personages; ( a ) Paraśurāma, son of Jamadagni; ( b ) Balarāma, son of Vasudeva and brother of Kṛṣṇa, q. q. v. v.; ( c ) Rāmacandra or Sītārāma, son of Daśaratha and Kausalyā and the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa; (the word is thus derived in Purāṇas: - राशब्दो विश्ववचनो मश्चापीश्वरवाचकः । (rāśabdo viśvavacano maścāpīśvaravācakaḥ.) विश्वाधीनेश्वरो यो हि तेन रामः (maḥ) प्रकीर्तितः ॥ (viśvādhīneśvaro yo hi tena rāmaḥ prakīrtitaḥ..) ). [When quite a boy, he with his brother was taken by Viśvāmitra, with the permission of Daśaratha, to his hermitage to protect his sacrifices from the demons that obstructed them. Rāma killed them all with perfect ease, and received from the sage several miraculous missiles as a reward. He then accompanied Viśvāmitra to the capital of Janaka where he married Sītā having performed the wonderful feat of bending Śiva's bow, and then returned to Ayodhyā. Daśaratha, seeing that Rāma was growing fitter and fitter to rule the kingdom, resolved to install him as heir-apparent. But, on the eve of the day of coronation, his favourite wife Kaikeyī, at the instigation of her wicked nurse Mantharā, asked him to fulfil the two boons he had formerly promised to her, by one of which she demanded the exile of Rāma for fourteen years and by the other the installation of her own son Bharata as Yuvarāja. The king was terribly shocked, and tried his best to dissuade her from her wicked demands, but was at last obliged to yield. The dutiful son immediately prepared to go into exile accompanied by his beautiful young wife Sītā and his devoted brother Lakṣmaṇa. The period of his exile was eventful, and the two brothers killed several powerful demons and at last roused the jealousy of Rāvaṇa himself. The wicked demon resolved to try Rāma by carrying off his ( pb ) beauteous wife for whom he had conceived an ardent passion, and accomplished his purpose being assisted by Mārīcha. After several fruitless inquiries as to her whereabouts, Hanumat ascertained that she was in Laṅkā and persuaded Rāma to invade the island and kill the ravisher. The monkeys built a bridge across the ocean over which Rāma with his numerous troops passed, conquered Laṅkā, and killed Rāvaṇa along with his whole host of demons. Rāma, attended by his wife and friends in battle, triumphantly returned to Ayodhyā where he was crowned king by Vasiṣṭha. He reigned long and righteously and was succeeded by his son Kuśa. Rāma is said to be the seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu; cf. Jayadeva: - वितरसि दिक्षु रणे दिक्पतिकमनीयं (vitarasi dikṣu raṇe dikpatikamanīyaṃ) दशमुखमौलिबलिं रमणीयं । केशव धृतरघुपतिरूप (daśamukhamaulibaliṃ ramaṇīyaṃ. keśava dhṛtaraghupatirūpa) जय जगदीश हरे (jaya jagadīśa hare) Gītagovinda 1 ]
- 1. Dark-colored or black. 2. Pleasing, delightful, or charming. 3. A proper name of various famous figures, including Parashurama, Balarama, and Ramachandra. 4. Darkness.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 254-2 ] राम (rāma) rām-á, a. dark-coloured, black ( V. ); pleasing, delightful, charming, lovely; m. N. : in. V. two Rāmas are mentioned ( w. the pat. Mārgaveya and Aupatasvini) and in E. three are distinguished : 〈a〉 Rāma Jāmadagnya or Bhārgava = Paraśu-rāma; 〈b〉 Bala-rāma or Halāyudha ( elder brother of Kṛṣṇa ); 〈c〉 Rāma Rāghava or Dāśarathi = Rāmacandra or Sītā-rāma ( hero of the Rāmāyaṇa ); frequent N. in later C.; n. [causing to rest: √ram] darkness ( RV.¹ ). [ ID=15204 ]
- 1. Black. 2. White. 3. Beautiful or pleasing. 4. An incarnation of Vishnu. 5. Varuna. 6. A horse. 7. A sort of deer. 8. A woman. 9. Asafoetida. 10. A river. 11. A potherb. 12. A sort of costus.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 704 ] राम (rāma) mfn. ( - मः (-maḥ)- मा (-mā)- मं (-maṃ) (-maḥ-mā-maṃ) ) 1 Black. 2 White. 3 Beautiful, pleasing. m. ( - मः (-maḥ) ) 1 A name common to three incarnations of VIṢṆU, or PARAŚURĀMA, the son of the Muni JAMADAGNI, born at the commencement of the second or Tretā Yug, for the purpose of punishing the tyrannical kings of the Kṣatriya race; RĀMACANDRA, the son of DAŚARATHA, king of Oude, born at the close of the second age, to destroy the demons who infested the earth, and especially RĀVAṆA the Daitya sovereign of Ceylon; and BALARĀMA, the elder and half-brother of KṚṢṆA, the son of ROHIṆĪ, born at the end of the Dvāpara or third age. 2 A name of VARUṆA, regent of the waters. 3 A horse. 4 A sort of deer. f. ( - मा (-mā) ) 1 A woman, a female, a pleasing or beautiful female. 2 Asafoetida. 3 A river. n. ( - मं (-maṃ) ) 1 A potherb, ( Chenopodium album.) 2 A sort of Costus, ( C. speciosus.) E. रम (rama) to sport, aff. घञ् (ghañ). [ ID=32263 ]
- Adjective: black, white, or pleasing. Masculine noun: the name Rama, common to three incarnations, or a horse. Feminine noun: a fine woman, a river, or asafoetida. Neuter noun: a potherb or a sort of costus.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 629-b ] राम (rāma) ( मः - मा - मं ) ((maḥ-mā-maṃ)) a. Black; white; pleasing. m. Rāma, a name common to three incarnations Pu- rashurāma, Rāmachandra, and Balarāma; a horse. f. A fine woman; a river; asafoetida. n. A potherb, sort of costus. [ ID=31833 ]
- 1. Name of several ancient heroes, especially Parashurama, Balarama, and Ramachandra. 2. A species of deer.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) (II) m. 1. Name of several ancient heroes, especially of Paraśurāma, Balarāma and Rāmachandra, the son of Daśaratha; (See App. II.); 2. a species of deer. [ ID=32072 ]
- 1. Black. 2. White. 3. Beautiful or pleasing. 4. An incarnation of Vishnu. 5. Varuna, the regent of waters. 6. A horse. 7. A sort of deer. 8. A woman or beautiful female. 9. Asafetida. 10. A river. 11. Vermilion. 12. A potherb. 13. A sort of costus.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 603-b ] राम (rāma) mfn. ( - मः (-maḥ)- मा (-mā)- मं (-maṃ) (-maḥ-mā-maṃ) ) 1. Black. 2. White. 3. Beautiful, pleasing. m. ( - मः (-maḥ) ) 1. A name common to three incarnations of VISHṆU, viz:-firstly, PARAŚURĀMA, the son of the Muni JAMADAGNI, born at the commencement of the second or TRETA YUGA, for the purpose of punishing the tyrannical kings of the Kshetriya race. Secondly, RĀMACHANDRA, the son of DAŚARATHA, king of Oudh, born at the close of the second age, to destroy the demons who infested Page604-a+ 60 the earth, and especially RĀVAṆA the Daitya-sovereign of Ceylon. Thirdly, BALARĀMA, (the elder and half-brother of KRISHṆA,) the son of BĀSUDEVA by ROHINI, born at the end of the DWĀPARA or third age. 2. A name of VARUṆA, regent of the waters. 3. A horse. 4. A sort of deer. f. ( - मा (-mā) ) 1. A woman, a female, a pleasing or beautiful female. 2. Asafœtida. 3. A river. 4. Vermilion. n. ( - मं (-maṃ) ) 1. A potherb, (Chenopodium album.) 2. A sort of Costus, (C. speciosus.) E. रम् (ram) to sport, aff. घञ् । (ghañ.) [ ID=33598 ]
- 1. Beautiful. 2. Black. 3. White. 4. A proper name, particularly the hero of the Ramayana. 5. A name of Varuna. 6. A horse. 7. A sort of deer. 8. A beautiful female.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0768-b ] राम (rāma) rāma, i. e. ram + a, I. adj. 1. Beautiful. 2. Black. 3. White. II. m. 1. A proper name, particularly the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa. 2. A name of Varuṇa. 3. A horse. 4. A sort of deer. III. f. mā, A beautiful female, Vikr. d. 114; Amar. 58. — Comp. Pa- raśu-, m. the first of the three renowned Rāmas, the son of Jamadagni, Prab. 5, 5 ( cf. Chr. 16, 17). Bala-, m. the third Rāma, the half-brother of Kṛṣṇa, MBh. 1, 7912. Cf. rāma-candra. [ ID=12079 ]
- pleasing, delightful, lovely, beautiful, charming, pleasant, dark-colored, or white  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0842-c ] राम (rāma) rāma, as, ā, am (fr. rt. ram ), pleasing, delighting, rejoicing; lovely, beautiful, charming, pleasant; obscure, dark-coloured, dark, black [cf. rātri ]; white; ( as ), m. joy, pleasure; ‘the pleasing or beautiful one,’ N. of three celebrated mytholo- gical personages, commonly called Paraśu-rāma, Rāma-candra, and Bala-rāma, (of these the first two are always regarded as Avatāras of Viṣṇu, one born at the beginning, the other at the end of the second age: the first or Paraśu-rāma, ‘Rāma with the axe,’ forms the sixth Avatāra; he is sometimes called Jāmadagnya, as son of the sage Jamad-agni by Reṇukā, and sometimes Bhārgava, as descended from Bhṛgu, and he is the type of Brāhmanism arrayed in opposition to the military caste, see paraśu-rāma: the second, Rāma-candra, forms Viṣṇu's seventh Avatāra, and is the hero of the great epic poem called Rāmāyaṇa; his wife, Sītā, is sometimes re- garded as an Avatāra of Lakṣmī; he has the patro- nymic Dāśarathi, as son of Daśa-ratha, a king of the solar dynasty, and Rāghava, as descended from Raghu [see Raghu], and he typifies the conquering Kṣa- triyas advancing southwards and subjugating the bar- barous aborigines represented by the demon Rāvaṇa and his followers, the Rākṣasas: the third, Bala- rāma, ‘the strong Rāma,’ born in the third age, is a kind of Hindū Hercules, the seventh son of Vasu- deva and elder brother of Kṛṣṇa, both being de- scended from Yadu [who with Puru formed the two branches of the lunar dynasty]; he is sometimes called Halāyudha, ‘armed with a plough,’ sometimes Musalin, ‘club-armed,’ and although occasionally regarded as Viṣṇu's eighth Avatāra, is more properly an incarnation of the great serpent Śeṣa, see bala- deva, bala-rāma: according to Jainas, a Rāma is Page0843-a+ 81 enumerated among the nine white Balas [see bala ]: in Viṣṇu-Purāṇa III. 2. a Rāma is mentioned among the seven Ṛṣis of the eighth Manvantara presided over by Manu Sāvarṇi, cf. Hari-vaṃśa 453); N. of the author of Ṛg-veda X. 110 (with the pa- tronymic Jāmadagnya belonging to Paraśu-rāma); N. of Varuṇa; of a person with the patronymic Mārgaveya; of various others persons or teachers; of a king of Malla-pura; of a king of Śṛṅga-vera; a lover; a kind of deer; a horse; ( ās ), m. pl., N. of a people; ( ā ), f. a beautiful female, handsome woman, a young and charming woman, a woman in general; a woman of low origin; N. of various plants ( = śveta-kaṇṭakārī, gṛha-kanyā, ārāma- śītalā, aśoka ); Asa Fœtida ( = hiṅgu ); vermilion ( = hiṅgula ); a kind of pigment ( = go-rocanā ); ruddle; a river; a kind of metre, ˘¯˘¯¯˘˘¯˘ ¯¯, ˘¯˘¯¯˘˘¯˘¯¯, ¯¯˘¯¯˘˘¯˘¯¯, ¯ ¯˘¯¯˘˘¯˘¯¯; N. of an Apsaras; of a daughter of Kumbhāṇḍa; of the mother of the ninth Arhat of the present Ava-sarpiṇī; ( ī ), f., Ved. darkness, night [cf. rātri ]; ( am ), n. darkness; Chenopodium Album; = kuṣṭha; = tamāla-pattra. —Rāma- kaṇṭha, as, m., N. of an author. —Rāma-karī, f. ‘joy-causing,’ N. of one of the Rāgiṇīs or female personifications of the musical modes. —Rāma-kar- pūra or rāma-karpūraka, as, m. a species of fragrant grass. —Rāma-kalpadruma, as, m., N. of a work on law. —Rāma-kavaca, am, n. ‘Rāma's breast-plate or charm,’ N. of part of the Brahma- yāmala-tantra (in which Śiva narrates to Pārvatī the most efficacious rites in the worship of Rāma). —Rā- ma-kānta, as, m. a kind of sugar-cane; N. of a Scholiast. —Rāma-kirī or rāma-kīrī (according to some) = rāma-karī. —Rāma-kilviṣa, am, n. an offence against Rāma. —Rāma-kutūhala, am, n., N. of a work. —Rāma-kumāra, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma-kṛṣṇa, as, m., N. of various persons. —Rāma-kṛṣṇa-kāvya or rāma-kṛṣṇa-viloma- kāvya, am, n., N. of an artificial poem by the astronomer Sūrya celebrating the praises of Rāma and Kṛṣṇa (read either backwards or forwards; cf. vilomākṣara-kāvya ). —Rāma-kṛṣṇa-paddhati, is, f., N. of work. —Rāma-kelī, f., N. of a Rāgiṇī or musical mode. —Rāma-keśava-tīrtha, am, n., N. of a Tīrtha. —Rāma-kautuka, am, n., N. of a work. —Rāma-kṣetra, am, n., N. of a district. —Rāma-gaṅgā, f., N. of a river. —Rāma-gāyatrī, f., N. of a particular hymn on Rāma. —Rāma-giri, is, m. ‘Rāma's mountain,’ N. of several mountains (especially, according to some, of Citra-kūṭa in Bun- delkund and of another hill near Nagpore, now called Ramtek). —Rāma-gīta-govinda, N. of a poem. —Rāma-gītā, f., N. of a poem partly extracted from the Adhyātma-rāmāyaṇa (in which spiritual knowledge is shown to be better than ritualistic observances; also ās, f. pl.). —Rāma-govinda-tīrtha, as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rāma-grāma, as, m., N. of a kingdom. —Rāma-cakra, am, n., N. of a particular mystical circle. —Rāma-candra, as, m. ‘Rāma-moon’ or ‘moon-like Rāma,’ N. of Rāma the son of Daśa-ratha, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa (see under rāma, p. 842; although his name is connected with the moon, he is not of the lunar race, like Kṛṣṇa and Bala-rāma, but of the solar race of kings beginning with Vivasvat or ‘the Sun,’ whose son was Manu Vaivasvata or the Manu of the present period, and whose son again was Ikṣvāku, from whom sprang the two branches of the solar dynasty, the chief of which or that of Ayodhyā may be said to have commenced in Kakutstha, the ancestor of Rāma-candra); N. of various kings, authors, pre- ceptors &c. of later times. —Rāmacandra-campū, ūs, f., N. of a work by Kavi-candra (see campū ). —Rāmacandra-caritra-sāra, am, n., N. of a short poem by Agniveśa narrating the exploits of Rāma-candra. —Rāmacandra-stava-rāja, as, m., N. of an extract from the Sanat-kumāra-saṃhitā (in which Rāma-candra is represented as endowed with the divine nature of Kṛṣṇa). —Rāmacandrāśrama (°ra-āś°), as, m., N. of a commentator on the Page0843-b+ 80 Sarasvatī-sūtra; ( am ), n., N. of a Tīrtha. —Rāma- candrodaya (°ra-ud°), as, m. ‘rise of Rāma- candra,’ N. of a work by Puruṣottama. —Rāma- cara, as, m., N. of Bala-rāma. —Rāma-caraṇa, as, m., N. of the author of the Rāma-vilāsa and of a commentary on the Sāhitya-darpaṇa. —Rāma-ca- rita, am, n. the exploits of Rāma-candra the son of Daśa-ratha. —Rāma-cchardanaka, as, m. a species of plant. —Rāma-ja, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma- jananī, f. the mother of Rāma (applicable to the mother of any one of the three Rāmas). —Rāma- janman, a, n. the birth or birthday of Rāma. —Rāma-jīvana, as, m., N. of a son of Rudra- rāya. —Rāma-tapana, N. of an Upaniṣad; [cf. tapana. ] —Rāma-taruṇī, f. a species of tree. —Rāma-tarka-vāg-īśa, as, m., N. of a gram- marian. —Rāma-tāpanīya, am, n., N. of a well known Upaniṣad (belonging to the Atharva-veda). —Rāma-tīrtha, am, n., N. of a Tīrtha; ( as ), m., N. of various persons. —Rāma-tva, am, n. the being Rāma. —Rāma-datta, as, m., N. of an author. —Rāma-darśanāditas (°na-ād°), ind. after having seen Rāma. —Rāma-dāsa, as, m., N. of various persons. —Rāma-dūta, as, m. ‘Rāma's messenger,’ N. of Hanumat; a monkey; ( ī ), f. a kind of basil. —Rāma-deva, as, m., N. of Rāma the son of Daśa-ratha; of various persons. —Rāma-dvādaśī, f., N. of the twelfth day in one of the halves of the month Jyaiṣṭha. —Rāma-dhara, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma-nagara, am, n., N. of a town. —Rāma- navamī, f., N. of the ninth day in the light half of the month Caitra, being the birthday of Rāma- candra. —Rāma-navamī-nirṇaya, as, m., N. of certain verses on the fast and feast to be observed on the above day. —Rāma-nātha, as, m., N. of Rāma the son of Daśa-ratha; of various persons. —Rāma- nāma-vrata, am, n., N. of a particular religious observance. —Rāma-nārāyaṇa, as, m., N. of a grammarian. —Rāma-nārāyaṇa-jīva, as, and rā- ma-nṛpati, is, m., N. of two kings. —Rāma- nyāyālaṅkāra (°ya-al°) and rāma-paṇḍita and rāma-pāla, as, m., N. of various persons. —Rāma- pura, am, n., N. of a village. —Rāma-pūga, as, m. a species of small Areca or betel-nut tree, Areca Triandra. —Rāma-pūjā-śaraṇī, f., N. of a work. —Rāma-pūrva-tāpanīya, am, n. the first part of the Rāma-tāpanīya, q. v. —Rāma-prakāśa, as, m., N. of a commentary. —Rāma-prasāda-tarka-vāg- īśa and rāma-prasāda-tarkālaṅkāra, as, m., N. of two Paṇḍits. —Rāma-bāṇa = rāma-vāṇa, q. v. —Rāma-bhakta, as, m. a worshipper of Rāma; a proper N. —Rāma-bhaṭṭa, as, m., N. of various persons. —Rāma-bhadra, as, m., N. of Rāma the son of Daśa-ratha; of various persons. —Rāma- mantra, as, m. a Mantra addressed to Rāma. —Rāmamantra-paṭala, am, n. a collection of Mantras addressed to Rāma. —Rāma-miśra and rāma-mohana, as, m., N. of two persons. —Rāma- yantra, am, n. a particular diagram. —Rāma-ra- hasya, am, n., N. of an Upaniṣad. —Rāma-rāja, as, m., N. of an author. —Rāma-rāma, as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rāma-rudra-bhaṭṭa, as, m., N. of an author; ( ī ), f., N. of his commentary on Dina-kara's treatise relating to invocations. —Rāma-lavaṇa, am, n. a kind of salt. —Rāma-liṅga-kṛti, is, m., N. of an author. —Rāma-lekhā, f., N. of a princess. —Rāma-vardhana, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma- varman, ā, m., N. of a commentator on the Rāma- gītā. —Rāma-vallabha, am, n. Cassia bark. —Rā- ma-vājapeyin, ī, m., N. of an author. —Rāma- vāṇa, as, m. ‘Rāma's arrow,’ a kind of sugar-cane; a particular medicinal preparation. —Rāma-vilāsa, as, m., N. of a poem by Rāma-caraṇa. —Rāma- vilāsa-kāvya, am, n., N. of a poem in four chapters by Hari-nātha (describing the amours of Rāma and Sītā). —Rāma-vīṇā, f. ‘Rāma's lute,’ a kind of lute, (said to be also applicable ironically to the horn blown by Bala-rāma.) —Rāma-vyākaraṇa, am, n., N. of a grammatical work by Vopa-deva. —Rāma- vratin, inas, m. pl. ‘devoted to Rāma,’ N. of a sect. —Rāma-śara, as, m. a kind of sugar-cane. Page0843-c+ 81 —Rāma-śarman, ā, m., N. of the author of the Uṇādi-koṣa (a metrical work on words formed with Uṇādi suffixes). —Rāma-śītalā, f. = ārāma-śītalā, a fragrant plant. —Rāma-śrī-pāda, as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rāma-ṣaḍ-akṣara-mantra-rāja, as, m. a particular Mantra or prayer of six syllables addressed to Rāma. —Rāma-saṃyamin, ī, m., N. of the author of certain Vedānta precepts in verse. —Rāma-sakha, as, m. ‘Rāma's friend,’ N. of Sugrīva. —Rāma-saras, as, n., N. of a sacred lake. —Rāma-sahasra-nāma-stotra, am, n. ‘praise of Rāma's thousand names,’ N. of a section of the Brahma- yāmala-tantra. —Rāma-sāhi, is, m., N. of a king. —Rāma-siṃha, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma-sūkta, am, n., N. of a hymn. —Rāma-setu, us, m. ‘Rā- ma's bridge,’ a ridge of sand now called Adam's bridge. —Rāma-senaka, as, m. Gentiana Cherayta. —Rāma-sevaka, as, m. a proper N. —Rāma- stuti, is, f. and rāma-stotra, am, n. ‘Rāma's praise,’ N. of two works. —Rāma-svāmin, ī, m., N. of a statue of Rāma. —Rāma-hṛdaya, am, n. ‘Rāma's heart,’ N. of a part of the Adhyātma-rāmāyaṇa re- vealing the supposed mystical essence of Rāma. —Rāma-hrada, as, m. ‘Rāma's lake,’ N. of a sacred bathing-place. —Rāmācakra, probably for rāma-cakra. —Rāmācārya (°ma-āc°), as, m., N. of various religious teachers. —Rāmā-cchardanaka, various reading for rāma-cchardanaka. —Rāmāt- maikya-prakāśikā (°ma-āt°), f., N. of a treatise by Satya-jñānānanda-tīrtha Yati setting forth Rāma's identity with the Supreme Soul. —Rāmā-devī, f., N. of the mother of Jaya-deva. —Rāmādhikaraṇa (°ma-adh°), as, ā, am, relating to Rāma. —Rā- mānanda (°ma-ān°), as, m., N. of a disciple of Rāmānuja and founder of a subdivision of the Vaiṣ- ṇava sect. —Rāmānanda-svāmin, ī, m. the author of the Vaidya-bhūṣaṇa. —Rāmānuja (°ma-an°), as, m. ‘younger brother of Rāma,’ (this title would be applicable to Kṛṣṇa as born after Bala-rāma of the same father); N. of a celebrated reformer, author of several Vedānta treatises, (he belonged to the sect of the Vaiṣṇavas, was regarded as an incarnation of Śeṣa, and flourished in the twelfth century in the south of India, where he combated the Śaivas); Rāmānujam matam, the sect of Rāmānuja. —Rā- mānuṣṭubh (°ma-an°), p, f., N. of a particular prayer addressed to Rāma. —Rāmābhinanda (°ma- abh°) or rāmābhyudaya (°ma-abh°), as, m., N. of a drama. —Rāmāyaṇa (°ma-ayana), am, n. ‘Rāma's goings or adventures,’ N. of Vālmīki's famous epic poem describing the adventures of Rāma- candra, (it contains about 24000 verses in seven books, called Kāṇḍas, viz. 1. Bāla-kāṇḍa or Ādi-k°, 2. Ayodhyā-k°, 3. Araṇya-k°, 4. Kiṣkindhyā-k°, 5. Sundara-k°, 6. Yuddha-k°, 7. Uttara-k°; the seventh is thought to be a comparatively modern addition, and gives the history of Rāma and Sītā after their reunion and installation as king and queen of Ayodhyā, afterwards dramatized by Bhava-bhūti in the Uttara-rāma-caritra; Rāma's character, as de- scribed in the Rāmāyaṇa, is that of a perfect man, born to suffering and self-denial, which he bears with more than human patience; the author, Vālmīki, was probably a real person, and although there are two recensions of the poem, of which the purest belongs to the north-west of India, six books at least are thought to be the work of one man, and not, like the Mahā-bhārata, the production of different epochs and minds); (as, ī, am), relating to the history of Rāma; a descendant of Rāma, (see Atharva-veda VI. 83, 3.) —Rāmāyaṇīya, as, ā, am, relating or belonging to the Rāmāyaṇa. —Rāmār- cana-candrikā (°ma-ar°), f., N. of a work. —Rā- mārya (°ma-ār°), as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rā- māliṅgana-kāma (°mā-āl°), as, ā, am, longing for the embrace of a handsome person; ( as ), m. epithet of the red-flowering globe-amaranth. —Rāmā-vak- ṣojopama (°ja-up°), as, ā, am, resembling the breasts of a beautiful woman; ( as ), m. epithet of the Anas Casarca or ruddy goose. —Rāmāśrama (°ma-āś°), as, m. a proper N. —Rāmāśvamedha Page0844-a+ 75 (°ma-aś°), as, m. ‘Rāma's horse-sacrifice,’ N. of a part of the Padma-Purāṇa. —Rāmāśvamedhika, as, ī, am, relating to Rāma's horse-sacrifice. —Rāmen- dra-yati (°ma-in°), is, m., N. of the author of a Vedānta treatise called the Viveka-sāra. —Rāmen- dra-vana, as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rāmeśa (°ma-īśa), as, m. a proper N.; ( am ), n., N. of a Liṅga. —Rāmeśvara (°ma-īś°), as, m., N. of various persons; ( am ), n., N. of a Liṅga; of a Tīrtha or sacred bathing-place. —Rāmeṣu (°ma- iṣu), us, m. ‘Rāma's arrow,’ epithet of a species of sugar-cane; a proper N. —Rāmottara-tāpanīya (°ma-ut°), am, n. the second part of the Rāma- tāpanīya; [cf. rāma-pūrva-t°. ] —Rāmoda (°ma- uda), as, m. a proper N. —Rāmodāyana, as, m. (fr. the preceding), a patronymic. —Rāmopaniṣad (°ma-up°), t, f., N. of one of the more recent Upaniṣads of the Atharva-veda. —Rāmopādhyāya (°ma-up°), as, m., N. of a preceptor. —Rāmopā- saka (°ma-up°), as, m. a worshipper of Rāma- candra the son of Daśa-ratha. [ ID=39401 ]

### Plants and Plant Products (7 definitions)
- 1. Various plants including Jonesia Asoka, Aloe Perfoliata, and Asa Foetida. 2. Vermilion.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of various plants ( Jonesia Asoka; Aloe Perfoliata; Asa Foetida &c.), L. vermilion, L. [ ID=177279 ]
- the leaf of Laurus Cassia  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the leaf of Laurus Cassia, L. [ ID=177290 ]
- Chenopodium Album  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Chenopodium Album, L. [ ID=177291 ]
- kushtha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > = कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha), L. [ ID=177292 ]
- leprosy  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मं (maṃ) 2 Leprosy ( कुष्ठं (kuṣṭhaṃ) )
- A tamala leaf  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मं (maṃ) 3 A tamāla leaf
- a kind of basil  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — ती (tī) ) a kind of basil

### Other Individuals Named Rāma (6 definitions)
- of a king of Shringavera and patron of Nagesha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a king of Śṛṅga-vera and patron of Nāgeśa, ib. [ ID=177273 ]
- various authors and teachers  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of various authors and teachers (also with आचार्य (cārya) (ācārya), उपा (upā) ध्याय (dhyāya), कवि (kavi), चक्र - वर्तिन् (cakra-vartin), ज्योतिर् - विद् (jyotir-vid), ज्यौतिषक (jyautiṣaka), तर्क - वाग् - ईश (tarka-vāg-īśa), दीक्षित (dīkṣita), दैव - ज्ञ (daiva-jña), पण्डित (paṇḍita), भट्ट (bhaṭṭa), भट्ट (bhaṭṭa) ा (bhaṭṭā) चार्य (cārya), वाजपेयिन् (vājapeyin), शर्मन् (śarman), शास्त्रिन् (śāstrin), संयमिन् (saṃyamin), सूरि (sūri) &c.), Cat. [ ID=177274 ]
- a son of Shivadatta  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-076 ] Rāma (IV) — a son of Śivadatta. Br. III. 35. 12. [ ID=11613 ]
- a sage of the Savarni epoch  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Rāma (V) — a sage of the Sāvarṇi epoch. (eighth epoch Vi. P. ). M. 9. 32; Vi. III. 2. 17. [ ID=11614 ]
- son of Senajit  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-077 ] Rāma (VI) — son of Senājit. Vā. 99. 173. [ ID=11615 ]
- the name of a man in the Rigveda  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 2-222 ] 1. Rāma is the name of a man in the Rigveda. 1 Ludwig 2 thinks that he bore the patronymic Māyava, 3 but this is doubtful. [ Footnote: 1) x. 93, 14.] [ Footnote: 2) Translation of the Rigveda, 3, 166.] [ Footnote: 3) Rv. x. 93, 15.] [ ID=2688 ]

### Adjective: Pleasing, Beautiful, Charming (4 definitions)
- Pleasing and beautiful.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > pleasing, pleasant, charming, lovely, beautiful, MBh.; Kāv. &c. [ ID=177266 ]
- Pleasing, delighting  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0911-a ] राम (rāma) a. [ रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा (ram kartari ghañ ṇa vā) ] 1 Pleasing, delighting, rejoicing
- Beautiful, lovely, charming  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0911-a ] राम (rāma) a. [ रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा (ram kartari ghañ ṇa vā) ] 2 Beautiful, lovely, charming
- 1. Delighting. 2. Beautiful. 3. Dark-colored or black. 4. White.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 611-03 ] राम (rāma) (I) a. (f. मा (mā) ) 1. Delighting, rejoicing; 2. beautiful, charming; 3. obscure, dark-coloured, black; 4. white. [ ID=32071 ]

### Animals (Deer, Horse) (4 definitions)
- a kind of deer  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > राम (rāma) m. a kind of deer, Car. [ ID=177267 ]
- a horse  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a horse, L. [ ID=177268 ]
- A kind of deer  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मः (maḥ) 2 A kind of deer
- A horse  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मः (maḥ) 5 A horse

### Adjective: Dark, Black (3 definitions)
- dark, dark-colored, or black  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 877,1] राम (rāma) mf( आ (ā) )n. ( prob. ‘causing rest’, and in most meanings fr. √ रम् (ram) ) dark, dark-coloured, black ( cf. रात्रि (rātri) ), AV.; TĀr. ( राम (rāma) ः शकुनिः (rāmaḥ śakuniḥ). a black bird, crow, KāṭhGṛ.; Viṣṇ. ) [ ID=177264 ]
- Obscure, dark-coloured  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0911-a ] राम (rāma) a. [ रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा (ram kartari ghañ ṇa vā) ] 3 Obscure; dark-coloured, black
- 1. Dark. 2. Rama, the hero of the Ramayana.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 230-a ] rāmá, a. dark; as m. Rāma, hero of the epos Rāmāyana; cf. rāghava. [ ID=3537 ]

### Noun: Darkness, Night (3 definitions)
- darkness, night  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 877,1] रामी (rāmī) a f. darkness, night, RV. [ ID=177288 ]
- the same  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > राम (rāma) n. id., ib. [ ID=177289 ]
- Darkness  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मं (maṃ) 1 Darkness

### Rāmā (f.): Specific Female Names (3 definitions)
- the name of an Apsaras  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of an Apsaras, L., Sch. [ ID=177285 ]
- pertaining to a daughter of Kumbhanda  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a daughter of Kumbhāṇḍa, Hariv. [ ID=177286 ]
- the mother of the ninth Arhat of the present Avasarpini  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the mother of the ninth Arhat of the present Ava-sarpiṇī, L. [ ID=177287 ]

### A Lover (2 definitions)
- a lover  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a lover, VarBṛS. [ ID=177269 ]
- A lover  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मः (maḥ) 4 A lover

### Adjective: White (2 definitions)
- white  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > white (?), L. [ ID=177265 ]
- White  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 0911-a ] राम (rāma) a. [ रम् कर्तरि घञ् ण वा (ram kartari ghañ ṇa vā) ] 4 White

### Narratives of Balarāma (2 definitions)
- Bala-Rama  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 591-1 ] Rāma 3 (i.e. Bala-Rāma, q.v.): I, 390, 596, 621, 624, 7014, 7507, 7548, 7595, 7955, 7987, 7998, 8000, 8015, 8022; II, 598, 643, 1274, 1509; III, 595, 1977, 1993, †2009, 10231, 10233, 10240, †10259, †10260, †10261, †10262, †10267, 14736; V, 3, 2855, 3218, 4926, 5349; VI, †5797; VII, 412, 1042, 4193; VIII, 31, 1952; IX, 598, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1959, 1960, 1965, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1984, †2004, 2176, 2246, 2248, 2314, 2316, 2760, 2762, 3006, 3008, (3010), 3011, 3038, 3052, 3055, 3064, 3067, 3068, 3072, 3078, 3079, 3081, 3106(?), 3121, 3344, 3365, 3370; X, 505, 638; XII, 4471(?); XIII, 630, 6867; XVI, 8, 20, 29, 32, 43, 62, 72, 104, 105, 111, 112, 114, 116, 142, 172, 207, 261; XVII, 10. [ ID=8965 ]
- Balabhadra of the Yadava race, lord of Dvaraka, and elder brother of Krishna and Subhadra.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 3-071 ] Rāma (I) — Balabhadra of the Yādava race and lord of Dvārakā. (Balarāma): brother of Kṛṣṇa and Subhadrā; See Baladeva; eldest son of Vasudeva by Rohinī; father of two sons; welcomed Kṛṣṇa to Dvārakā; asked by Kṛṣṇa to take one of the two heavenly chariots and get ready to fight Jarāsandha. Rāma blew his conch and began fighting Page3-072+ 44 under his palmyra ensign; defeated the enemies on all sides. Fastened Jarāsandha with ropes but Kṛṣṇa set him free; when Jarāsandha encamped on the Yamunā, was consulted by Kṛṣṇa; fought successfully Jarāsandha a third time and defeated Bāṇa's army; when about to give a death-blow to Jarāsandha, a voice from the welkin said “do not kill Jarāsandha; go back.” Thus Jarāsandha was allowed to go back to his city. 1 Honoured by the Yādhava sabha, went with Kṛṣṇa to the Gomanta hill; on the way met and bowed to Paraśurāma; helped Kṛṣṇa in killing Śṛgāla Vaśudeva and was welcomed by the citizens of Karavīrapura. Stayed in this city for four months and returned to Mathurā with his brother. Attacked by Jarāsandha's army, fled with Kṛṣṇa to Gomanta, pursued by Jarāsandha; reached Dvārakā safe. 2 Married Revatī before the advent of Kali and hence very tall in appearance; with his plough he brought down her height to his level. 3 Heard of Kṛṣṇa going alone to Kuṇḍina and of the pre- parations of Caidya to fight him; went with his army to Kuṇḍina and was welcomed by its king: Attacked Caidya's party pursuing Kṛṣṇa and Rukmiṇī on that account. 4 Went to Hāstinapura with Kṛṣṇa after the reported burning of the Pāṇḍavas and Kuntī: Pursued Śatadhanvan with Kṛṣṇa and finding he had not the Syamanta in his person, sent Kṛṣṇa back to Dvārakā and himself to Mithilā as Janaka's guest; taught the use of the gadā (mace) to Duryodhana. Did not agree with Kṛṣṇa in returning the jewel to Akrūra. Left for Videha after Satadhanvan's death. 5 Attended Aniruddha's marriage at Bhojakaṭa where induced by Kalinga and other friends, Rukmin invited Rāma for a game of dice: in it, Rāma sometimes lost and sometimes gained. At his loss Kalinga laughed showing his teeth. When Rukmin played false it was referred to Page3-073+ 38 a mediator who was unfortunately Kalinga and who there- fore maintained that Rukmi was in the right. A voice from the air said: “Rukmi tells an untruth”. Without heeding to this Rukmi insulted Rāma as a forester and herdsman and new to the art of dice. Rāma got enraged, took the mace and vanquished Rukmi: next he pulled out the teeth of Kalinga making fun of him all the time: others fled in fear; returned to Dvārakā. 6 His picture was among those drawn by Citrālekhā: In- vaded Bāṇa's city, fought with Kumbhāṇḍa and Kūpa- karṇa. Once drove to Vraja and spent two months there. During nights he sported and sang with Gopis on the Yamunā drinking Vāruṇī and playing in the waters: changed the course of the river by his plough: 7 Yamunā (s.v.) presented him with clothes, and ornaments with which he shone brighter than ever. 8 Desire for more territory. 9 Wanted to give Subhadrā in marriage to Duryodhana but Kṛṣṇa was for her marriage with Arjuna. The latter went to Dvārakā as an ascetic when Rāma one day invited him for bhikṣa. It was an opportunity for Arjuna and Subhadrā to see each other. Arjuna carried her away on a festive occasion with Kṛṣṇa's consent. Rāma's wrath was pacified by Kṛṣṇa. Then he approved of the marriage and sent him presents. 10 Unable to recover the dead son of the Dvā- rakā Brāhmaṇa. 11 Founded the city of Govardhana on the upper regions of the Godāvarī in the northern part of the Sahya mountain. 12 The God of Love cursed to be born as the brother of Kṛṣṇa at Dvārakā. 13 Page3-074+ 47 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. I. 11. 16; X. 50. 12-32; [50 (v) 8]; [51 (v) 38-58]; [52 (v) 1-6]; Br. III. 61. 25; 71. 164-8; M. 46. 11; Vā. 86. 30; 96. 162; Vi. V. 6. 9; 13. 16.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. X. [52 (v) 13-41]; [53(v) 1-22]; 52. 5-6 [5-7]; 7. 14 [1 and 2].] [ Footnote: 3) Ib. X. 52. 15 [11-12].] [ Footnote: 4) Ib. X. 53. 20-21 and 32; Ch. 54 (whole).] [ Footnote: 5) Ib. X. 57 (whole); 58. 9 [4 and 5]; 67 (v) 42.] [ Footnote: 6) Ib. X. 61. 26-40.] [ Footnote: 7) Ib. X. 62. 20; 63. 3-8.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. X. Ch. 65 (whole).] [ Footnote: 9) Ib. XII. 3. 9.] [ Footnote: 10) Ib. X. 86. 1-12, 18.] [ Footnote: 11) Ib. X. 89, 31 and 41.] [ Footnote: 12) Br. II. 16. 44.] [ Footnote: 13) M. 4. 17-21.] [ ID=11610 ]

### Narratives of Paraśurāma (2 definitions)
- son of Jamadagni and Renuka, also known as Parashu Rama  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > राम (rāma) [Printed book page 587-1 ] Rāma 1, son of Jamadagni and Reṇukā, otherwise called Paraśu- Rāma, which name, however, does not occur in the text of the Mhbhr.; generally he is only named Rāma; passages where he is mentioned only by synonyms are put within square brackets; note the following abbreviations: Bh. = Bhārgava, J. = Jāmadagnya. § 8 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 272 ( śastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ; at the interval of the Tretā and the Dvāparayuga R. repeatedly slew the kṣatriyas of the whole earth), 275 (Bh.), 277 (formed five lakes of blood in Samantapañcaka, cf. § 363).—§ 11 (do.): I, 2, 443 (J.).—§ 61 (Sarpasattra): I, 55, 2112 ( °o yathā śāstravid astravic ca, sc. Janamejaya).— [§ 84 (Ādivaṃśāvatāraṇap.): I, 64, 2459 (J.; twenty-one times he deprived the earth of the kṣatriyas, then he performed austerities on the mountain Mahendra), 2460 (Bh.).]—§ 122 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 66, 2612 ( sarvaśāstreṣu kuśalaḥ kṣatriyāntakaraḥ, the youngest of Jamadagni's four sons).—§ 130 b (Bhīṣma): I, 67, 2712 (J., Bh., encounter with Bhīṣma, all. to § 573).—§ 165 (Satyavatīlābhop.): I, 100, [4004 (J.)], 4005 ( yad astraṃ R°o veda ).—§ 169 (cf. Bhīṣma-Satyavatī-saṃvāda); Bhīṣma told Satyavatī : When Rāma Jāmadagnya, angry at the slaughter of his father, had slain with his battle-axe the Haihaya king Arjuna, he exterminated the kṣatriyas twenty-one times, but the kṣatriya race was restored by the kṣatriya ladies, cohabiting with the brahmans: I, 104, 4172 (J.), [4175 (Bh.)].—[§ 190 d (Arjuna): I, 123, 4799 ( Jāmadagnyasamaḥ, sc. Arjuna).]—§ 201 (Droṇa): I, 130, [5118 (J.)], 5119 ( °sya Dhanurvedaṃ ), [5121 ( Bhṛgūdvahaṃ ), 5123 (J.)], 5126 ( praharatāṃ śreṣṭhaṃ ), (5127), [5131 (Bh.), 5132 (Bh.)] (communicated his weapons and the whole Dhanurveda to Droṇa, cf. § 217).—§ 217 (Caitrarathap.): I, 166, 6335, 6336, (6337), [6339 ( Bhṛgunandanaḥ )], 6340 (Droṇa Page587-b+ 63 acquired weapons from R., especially the Brahmāstra, cf. § 201).—[§ 218 (Draupadīsambhava): I, 167, 6382 ( kṣatrocchedāya vihito Jāmadagnya ivāsthitaḥ, sc. Droṇa).]— § 233 (Svayaṃvarap.): I, 188, 7047 (J., had vanquished the kṣatriyas ).—§ 234 (do.): I, 190, 7101, 7104, 7115(?).— § 267 (Yamasabhāv.): II, 8, 330 (J., in the palace of Yama).—§ 273 (Rājasūyārambhap.): II, 14, 566 (J., left a part of the kṣatriyas unslain), [586 ( Jāmadagnyasamaḥ, sc. Ākṛti)].—[§ 289 (Arghāharaṇap.): II, 37, 1352 ( Jāma- dagnyasya dayitaḥ śiṣyaḥ, sc. Karṇa).]—[§ 296 (Dyūtap.): II, 53, 1918 (J., present at the rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira).]— § 305 (do.): II, 78, 2574 (had on Bhṛgutuṅga instructed Yudhiṣṭhira).—[§ 317 b (Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): III, 12, 511 (J., praised Kṛṣṇa, C. has by error Yā° ).]—[§ 324 (Dvaitavanapraveśa): III, 26 α, 985 (J., waited upon Yudhiṣṭhira)].—§ 362 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 83, 5095 (J., had made the tīrtha Yakṣiṇī).—§ 363 (Rāmahradāḥ): III, 83, 5097, 5099 (Bh.), 6001, 6004, 6009 (Bh.), 6010 (Bh.), 6011 (made five lakes of blood, which afterwards became tīrthas, in Kurukṣetra).—§ 370 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 85, 8144 (made Lauhitya a tīrtha), [8158 ( Mahendraṃ …Jāmadagnyaniṣevitaṃ ), 8185 ( Śūrpārakam… Jāmadagnyaniṣevitaṃ )].—[§ 377 (Dhaumyatīrthak.): III, 87, 8318 ( Mahendraḥ…Bhārgavasya ).]—§ 383 c (Bhṛgos tīrthaṃ): III, 99, 8650 (regained his energy by bathing in Bhṛgos tīrthaṃ ).—§ 383 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 99, 8652, 8655.—§ 383 (cf. do.): For the destruction of Rāvaṇa Viṣṇu corporeally took his birth as the son of king Daśaratha. I (sc. Lomaśa) saw him in Ayodhyā when he had been born. Then Rāma Bhārgava, the [grand] son of Ṛcīka and the son of Reṇūkā, went to Ayodhyā with his bow with which he had destroyed the kṣatriyas, to see Rāma Dāśarathi. Daśaratha sent Rāma to receive him. Rāma Dāśarathi stringed Rāma Bhārgava's bow without exertion and enabled him to see him in his true form and to behold, in his body, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the Sādhyas, the gaṇas of the Maruts, the Pitṛs, Hutāśana (i.e. Agni), the nakṣatras and planets, the Gandharvas, the Rākṣasas, the Yakṣas, the rivers and tīrthas, the eternal ṛṣis named Vālakhilyas, who had become identical with Brahmán, the Devarṣis, the seas and mountains, the Vedas with the Upaniṣads, the vaṣaṭkāras, and the sacrifices, the Sāmans in their living form ( cetamanti ), the Dhanurveda, the clouds, rains, and lightnings; then he shot a celestial shaft presented to him by Rāma Bhārgava; at this the earth was filled with sounds of thunder, etc., and began to quake. Rāma Bhārgava was for a time deprived of his senses, and the shaft came blazing back into Rāma Dāśarathi's hands. Rāma Bhārgava proceeded to the Mahendra mountain, where he dwelt in terror and shame till after a year his pitṛs, beholding him deprived of energy, caused him to bathe in the sacred river Vadhūsara, especially in the tīrtha Dīptoda, where Bhṛgu had practised austerities in the devayuga; by this R. regained his energy (III, 99 ): III, 99, 8656 (Bh.), 8658 ( Ṛcīkanandano Rāmo Bhārgavo Reṇukāsutaḥ ), 8659, 8661, 8662, 8665, 8666, 8668, 8669 (J.), [8671 (Bh.)], 8673 (Bh.), 8679, 8681, 8683, 8686, 8687.—§ 393 (Tīrthayātrap.): III, 115, 10127, 10128 (Bh.), 10129, 10130 ( R. appeared to the ascetics on the fourteenth and the eighth [days of the lunar month]).—§ 394 (Arjuna Kārtavīrya): III, 115, 10131 (J.), 10132 ( °eṇa nirjitāḥ… kṣatriyāḥ ), 10134 (J.), 10135 (slew Arjuna the king of the Haihayas).—§ 396 (Jamadagni): III, 116, 10174 (fifth son Page588-a+ 63 of Jamadagni and Reṇukā), 10183, 10184 (ordered by Jamadagni, R. slew his mother with his axe, but then solicited that she might be restored to life).—§ 397 (do.): III, 116, 10192, [10193 (Bh.)], 10195, 10196, 10197, [10199 ( Bhṛgunandanaḥ )] (slew Arjuna Kārtavīrya, who had injured Jamadagni, then the kinsmen of Arjuna slew Jamadagni).—§ 398 (cf. Jamadagni): After having lamented and cremated his father, R. vowed to slay the entire kṣatriya caste, he then killed the sons of Arjuna Kārtavīrya, and the kṣatriyas who followed them, and twenty-one times he made the earth devoid of kṣatriyas; then he made five lakes of blood in Samantapañcaka, where he offered libations ( tarpayām āsa ) to the Bhṛgus, and Ṛcīka appeared to him and gave him advice. At a sacrifice R. satisfied Indra and gave the earth to the ṛtvijes, and a golden altar, 10 vyāmas in breadth and 9 in height, to Kaśyapa, which Kaśyapa allowed the brahmans to divide in shares (thence they were named Khāṇḍavāyanāḥ ). After having given the earth to Kaśyapa. R. dwelt on the Mahendra mountain: III, 117, 10195, (10201), 10201 bis, 10203, 10205 ( Bhṛgukulodvahaḥ ), [10206 (J.)], 10210.—§ 399 (Mahendrācalag.): III, 117, 10211, [10213 (J.)] (the Pāṇḍavas worshipped R. on Mahendra).— § 410 (Plakṣāvataraṇag.): III, 130, 10547 (had made a varṣa(?) in the midst of the mountain).—§ 486 (Pativratop. Brāhmaṇavyādhasaṃv.): III, 214, 14012 (J., yathā ).— [§ 546 (Kuṇḍalāharaṇap.): III, 302, 16985 (J., had been the preceptor of Karṇa in arms).]—§ 547 (Karṇa): III, 309, 17170 (Karṇa had acquired weapons from R.).—[§ 552 (Goharaṇap.): IV, 48, 1524 (J., do.); 51, 1593 (J.).]— § 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 49, 1944 (had cursed Karṇa, cf. § 621); 55, 2197 ( anujñātaś ca R°eṇa matsamo 'sīti, sc. Karṇa); 61, 2385 (J., kathām akathayat purā ); 62, †2412 (under the pretence that he was a brahman Karṇa acquired the Brahmāstra from R., Rāma cursed Karṇa, cf. § 621), †2427.—[§ 562 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 83, 2984 (J., waited upon Kṛṣṇa).]—§ 563 (do., Dambhodbhavop.): V, 96, [3450 (J.)], (3472), 3477 (told Duryodhana the Dambhodbhavopākhyāna).—[§ 564 (Mātalīyop.): V, 97, 3501 (J.).—§ 567 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 125, 4201 ( yathoktaṃ Jāmadagnyena, cf. § 563).]—§ 569 (do.); V, 147, 4980, 4981 (Bhīṣma's encounter with R., all. to § 573).—§ 570 (Sainyaniryāṇap.): V, 151, 5123 (do. do.), 5127 ( rūpaṃ…R°syeva ).—§ 572 (Rathātirathasaṅkhyānap.): V, 168, 5813 (had cursed Karṇa, cf. § 621), 5840 (J., all. to § 573).—§ 573 (Ambopākhyānap.): V, 176, 6047 (J.), [6048 ( Bhārgavaśreṣṭhaṃ ), 6051 (Bh.)], 6053 (J.), 6054 (on Mahendra), 6056, 6057 ( Jamadagnisutaḥ ), 6058, 6062 ( śreṣṭhaṃ maharṣīṇāṃ ), [6063 (J.)], 6064, 6065, 6082; 177, 6084, 6085 (Bh.), 6092, 6093, 6098, [7001 (Bh.), 7002 (J.)], 7003 ( Bhṛguśreṣṭhaṃ ), 7004, 7005, (7008), 7010, 7011 ( Bhṛgūdvahaḥ ), 7012 (Bh.), [7013 (J.)], (7014), [7019 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 7021 ( Bhṛguśārdūla ), 7022 (Bh.)], 7024; 178, 7025, (7030), 7031, 7033 ( °āmbayoḥ ), 7034, [7035 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 7038 (Bh.)], 7040 (Bh.) [7041 ( Bhṛgunandana )], (7042), 7046, 7048, [7049 ( Bhṛguśreṣṭha° ), 7053 (J.)], (7054), 7061, 7062, [7063 ( Bhṛguśārdūlaṃ ), 7065 (Bh.)], 7069 ( Brahmarṣe ), [7070 (J.)], 7081, [7082 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 7086 (Bh.)], 7087, 7088, 7091, 7092, 7098, 7099, 7108, 7109, [7112 (Bh.), 7114 (J.), 7115 (J.)], 7116, 7118, 7119 (Bh.), [7123 ( Bhṛguśreṣṭhaḥ )]; 179, 7125, 7126, 7128, [7129 (J.), 7132 (Bh.), 7133 (Bh.)], 7134, 7136, 7137, (7138), 7148, 7153, 7154, 7155, 7157, 7158, [7161 (J.)]; 180, 7165, 7166, [7167 (J.), 7169 (J.), 7171 Page588-b+ 63 (J.)], 7173 (J.), 7174, 7175, 7176 (J.), 7178, 7179, 7180, 7182, 7183, 7184, 7185 (J.), 7186, 7187, 7190, 7192, 7194, 7198; 181, 7201, [†7205 (J.)], †7207, [†7210 (J.), †7211 (J.), †7212 ( Haihayeśapramāthī )], †7216; 182, [7217 (Bh.)], 7218, 7221, 7222, [7223 (Bh.)], 7225, 7226, [7235 (J.)], 7236, 7237, 7242, 7243, 7244, [7245 (Bh.)]; 183, [7250 (J.)], 7251 (J.), [7252 (J.)], 7257 (J.), 7259, 7261, [7262 (J.)], 7265; 184, [7269 (Bh.)], 7273, [7274 (J.), 7278 (J.)], 7281, 7283; 185, [7291 ( Bhṛgunandane )], 7293, †7297, [†7298 (J.), 7300 (Bh.), 7303 (Bh.)], 7305, [7308 (Bh.)], 7310, 7318 ( Bhṛgunandanaṃ ), 7319 (Bh.), [7320 (Bh.), 7321 ( Bhṛgunandanaṃ )], 7323, 7324, 7325, [7326 (Bh.)]; 186, (7328), 7332, [7336 ( Bhṛgūdvaha ), 7338 ( Bhṛgusattamaḥ )], 7358 (Ambā sought the protection of R., who engaged in fight with Bhīṣma, his former disciple. The encounter lasted for twenty-three days, at last R. declared himself to be vanquished and the Ṛṣis and the Pitṛs brought about peace).—§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 13, 501 (J., all. to § 573); 14, [528 (J., do.)], 554 (J., do.), 556 (J., do.), [557 (Bh.)]; 23, 819 (all. to § 563); 34, 1235 ( °aḥ śastrabhṛtām ahaṃ, sc. asmi, says Kṛṣṇa).—§ 578 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VI, 49, 1995, (J., all. to § 563).—§ 581 (do.): VI, 66 ο, 2999 (J., had praised Kṛṣṇa).—§ 587 (do.): VI, [ 108, 5038 (J., all. to § 573)]; 118, 5534 (had been the preceptor of Bhīṣma in arms); [ 120, 5694 (J., all. to § 573)].— § 589 (Droṇābhiṣekap.): VII, [ 1, 45 (J., had been the preceptor of Karṇa in arms, cf. § 621)]; 3, 113 (vanquished by Bhīṣma, all. to § 573).—§ 589 b (Sātyaki): VII, 10, 342 ( °eṇa samam astreṣu, sc. Sātyaki).—§ 592 (Saṃśaptaka- vadhap.): VII, 23 ο, 1017 (the Pāṇḍya king Sāraṅgadhvaja acquired weapons from R.).—§ 593 (Abhimanyuvadhap.): VII, [ 34 α, 1485 (J.)]; 40, 1706 ( °śiṣyaḥ, sc. Karṇa).— § 595 (cf. Ṣoḍaśarāj.): also Rāma Jāmadagnya will die without being satiated. The calf having been stolen and his father slain by the kṣatriyas he slew the invincible Kārtavīrya. With his bow he slew 640,000 kṣatriyas, among them 14,000 brahman-hating kṣatriyas, and [the king of] Dantakrūra (so Nīl.); of the Haihayas he slew 1,000 with his club, 1,000 with his sword, 1,000 by hanging ( udbandhanāt ) [some more details in B., especially: Guṇāvatīm uttareṇa Khāṇḍavād dakṣiṇena ca ], etc.; he proceeded against the Kāśmīras, etc. (β), and slew them all; bringing all the eighteen dvīpas of the earth under his subjection, he performed 100 sacrifices, his sacrificial altar (18 nalas high, of gold, etc.) and the earth he gave as dakṣiṇā to Kaśyapa, etc.; having divested the earth of kṣatriyas for twenty-one times, he gave the earth to the brahmans, and it was Kaśyapa who accepted it with its seven dvīpas. Then Kaśyapa told R. to go out of the earth; R. with his arrows caused the ocean to stand aside, and repairing to the Mahendra mountain he continued to live there (VII, 70 ): VII, 70, 2427 (J.), [2433 (J.)], 2434, 2435, [2437 (J.), 2439 (Bh.)], 2442 (J., C. by error Yā° ), 2443, 2445, [2448 (J.)].—§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 98 ι, 3648; [ 119, 4719 ( api…Jāmadagnyaḥ )].—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 181, 8230 ( °a ivāparaḥ ).—§ 603 (Nārāyaṇāstramokṣap.): VII, 194, 8967 (Droṇa had acquired the Dhanurveda from R.), 8971 ( °syānumataḥ saṅkhye, sc. Aśvatthāman).—§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 2, 37 ( Bhārgavaḥ pradadau yasmai paramāstraṃ, sc. Bhīṣma; sākṣād Rāmeṇa yo bālye Dhanurveda upākṛtaḥ, do.); 5 ζ, 144 ( Kārtavīryaś ca R°eṇa Bhārgavena yathā hataḥ ); [ 8, 221 ( cittamoham ivāyuktaṃ Bhārgavasya ); 9, 295 (J., had taught Karṇa the use of the Page589-a+ 63 Brahmāstra)].—§ 605 b (Vijaya): VIII, 31, [1294 (Bh., obtained the bow Vijaya from Indra and gave it to Karṇa)], 1296 ( dhanur ghoraṃ R°dattaṃ, sc. the Vijaya).—§ 605 (Karṇap.): VIII, 31, 1297 (Bh.).—§ 606 b (do.): In the race of the Bhṛgus was Jamadagni. His son Rāma by ascetic penances gratified Bhava (i.e. Śiva) in order to obtain weapons; Śiva showed himself to him and promised him all weapons when he would become pure; those weapons burn a person who is not deserving of them. With penances, etc., and homa performed with mantras Rāma adored Śiva for many years. Gratified with him Śiva repeatedly proclaimed his virtues in the presence of D. and Ṛ. Meanwhile the Daityas became very mighty and afflicted the gods, who, having failed to vanquish them, repaired to Śiva. Śiva summoned Rāma and prevailed upon him to slay the Dānavas. Then touched by Śiva, his wounds were immediately healed, and Śiva gave him all the celestial weapons and granted him boons: VIII, 34, 1584, 1587, [1588 (Bh.), 1589 (J.), 1592 (Bh.)], 1593, 1598 (Bh.), [1599 (Bh.)], (1601), 1603, [1605 (Bh.), 1606 (Bh.), 1608 (Bh.), 1610 ( Bhṛgunandana )], 1611.—§ 606 (Karṇap.): VIII, 34, [1613 (Bh.), 1614 ( Bhṛgunandanaḥ )], 1619 ( °śiṣyaḥ, i.e. Karṇa).—§ 607 (do.): VIII, 37, †1733 (gave Karṇa an excellent chariot with excellent horses); 40, 1865 ( yā gatir guruṇā proktā purā Rāmeṇa, says Karṇa); 41 ε, 1952 ( punaḥ prabhāvaḥ Pārthasya paurāṇaḥ Keśavasya ca kathitaḥ…R°eṇa sabhāyāṃ rājasaṃsadi, all. to § 563); 42, †1964, †1965 (had cursed Karṇa, cf. § 621).—§ 608 (do.): VIII, 66, 3312 ( anujñātaṃ R°eṇāstre, sc. Karṇa), 3332 ( °tulyaḥ…astreṇa, sc. Karṇa); 73, 3741 (Bh., Karṇa had acquired a weapon from him); 90, †4625 ( °ād upāttena mahāmahimnā hy Atharvaṇena, employed by Karṇa), [4710 (Bh.)], 4712 (according to the curse of R. Karṇa forgot the [Brāhma] weapon he had acquired from him).—[§ 611 (Śalyap.): IX, 24, 1314 ( śrutvā vacaḥ pathyaṃ Jāmadagnyāt, all. to § 563).]—§ 615 cc (Rāmatīrtha): IX, 49, 2836 (Bh., performed in Rāmatīrtha a sacrifice where he gave the earth as dakṣiṇā to Kaśyapa).—[§ 618 (Jalapradānikap.): XI, 1 β, 14 ( vākyaṃ Jāmadagnyasya, all. to § 563).]—[§ 619 (Strīvilāpap.): XI, 21, 613 ( Ācāryaśāpaḥ, cf. § 621).]—§ 621 (Rājadh.): XII, 2, 59 (on Mahendra), 60 (Bh.), 61, [63 ( Bhṛguśreṣṭhāt )], 74; 3, [75 ( Bhṛgu- śārdūlaḥ )], 78, [79 (J.), 83 (Bh.), 84 ( Bhṛgūdvahaḥ )], 86, 88, 90 ( Bhṛguśārdūla ), [92 (J.)], 96 (Bh.), 98 [100 (Bh.), 101 (Bh.), 102 (Bh.), 103, ( Bhṛguśreṣṭhaḥ )], 107 (under the false pretence of being a brahman, Karṇa acquired the Brahmāstra from R. Having discovered the untruth (at the time of the deliverance of Daṃśa from a curse) R. cursed Karṇa, that he should forget the Brahmāstra); [ 4, 108 ( Bhārgavanandanāt )]; 5, 139 ( śāpena R°sya ).—[§ 630 (Rājadh.): XII, 27, 806 (Bh., all. to § 573).]—§ 635 (do.): XII, 37, 1356 (Bhīṣma had acquired weapons from R.).— § 637 (do.): XII, 46, 1566 (Bh., all. to § 573), 1570 (J., Bhīṣma was the disciple of R.); 47 η, 1596 (Bh., among the ṛṣis who surrounded Bhīṣma).—§ 638 (Rājadh.): XII, 48, [1704 (J.)], 1706 (made the earth devoid of kṣatriyas twenty-one times), 1707, 1708, 1709, 1711 (Bh.).— § 638 b (Rāmopākhyāna): XII, 49, 1715, [1716 (J.)], 1747 ( kṣatriyahantāraṃ ), 1758, 1763 (J.), 1766, [1767 ( Bhṛguśārdūlaḥ ), 1769 (Bh.)], 1773, [1775 (Bh.)], 1781, [1782 (J.)], 1801 (the story of R. anew related, cf. especially §§ 394—398).—§ 639 (Rājadh.): XII, 50, 1806, 1807, 1808.—§ 641 (do.): XII, 116, 4255 (J.); 122, 4471 Page589-b+ 63 ( tatra śṛṅge Himavato Merau kanakaparvate | yatra R°o Muñjāvaṭe jaṭāharaṇam ādiśat ).—[§ 651 (Āpaddh.): XII, 143, 5464 (Bh.), 5465 (Bh.), 5466 (Bh.) (?, told Mucukunda the Kapotalubdhakasaṃvāda).]—§ 664 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 207 β, 7520 (J., praised Kṛṣṇa).—[§ 677 (do.): XII, 235, 8600 (J., gave the earth to the brahmans)].—§ 702 (do.): XII, 293 α, 10761 (J.).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 340, 12948 ( Bhṛgukulodvahaḥ, in the Tretāyuga Viṣṇu incarnate as R. will exterminate the kṣatriyas), 12968 (seventh incarnation of Viṣṇu).—§ 718 b (Uñchavṛttyup.): XII, 361, 13879, 13880 (J., had slain Arjuna Kārtavīrya and his sons); 366, 13940 (all. to § 573).—§ 723 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 6 α, 327 ( Aśvatthāmā ca Rāmaś ca muniputrau dhanurdharau na gacchataḥ svargalokaṃ svakṛteneha karmaṇā ).—§ 730 g (Upamanyu): XIII, 14 τ, 864 (the axe with which R. slew [Arjuna] Kārtavīrya, had been given to him by Śiva), 866 (exterminated the kṣatriyas twenty-one times).—§ 734 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 26 α, 1765 (J., among the ṛṣis who came to see Bhīṣma).—§ 745 b (Cyavanop.): XIII, 52 α, 2717 (J.), 2718—2720.—§ 745 c (Cyavana-Kuśikasaṃv.): XIII, 56, 2925.—[§ 746 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 62, 3136 (J., had given the earth to Kaśyapa).]—§ 747 (do.): XIII, 84, 3960 (J.), 3961, [3964 (J.), 3965 (Bh.)], 3967, [3969 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 3972 (do., Bh.)], 3975, [3979 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 3982 ( Bhṛgūttama ), 3990 ( Bhṛgunandana )] (after the slaughter of the kṣatriyas R. consulted the ṛṣis about means of purifying himself).—§ 747 b (Suvarṇotpatti): XIII, [ 84, 3991 ( Bhṛgukulodvaha ), 3992 ( Bhṛgunandana ), 3994 ( Bhṛgūdvaha ), 4007 (do.)]; 85, [4035 ( Bhṛgūttama ), 4044 (do.), 4049 ( Bhṛgūdvaha ), 4050 (do.), 4052 ( Bhṛgukulaśreṣṭha ), 4061 (Bh.), 4085 ( Bhṛgūdvaha )], 4104, 4105, [4118 ( Bhṛgunandana; C. by error °aḥ ), 4165 ( Jāmadagnyaḥ, boṭh B. and C., one that knows the identity of gold with fire, PCR.; Nīl. is silent, but we have only to read Jāmadagnya, voc.), 4170 (Bh.), 4180 ( Bhṛgūdvaha ), 4183 (J.)] (Vasiṣṭha told R. the story named Brahmadarśana, R. purified himself by making gifts of gold).—§ 748 b (Tārakavadhop.): XIII, 86, 4219, 4220 (Vasiṣṭha told R. the Tārakavadhopākhyāna; Rāma purified himself by making gifts of gold and finally went to heaven).—§ 767 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 137, 6256 (J., gave the earth to a brahman [Kaśyapa] and attained to heaven).—§ 770 (do.): XIII, 151 κ, 7121(?).—§ 775 (do.): XIII, 166 ζ, 7671 (only B., C. has Vāmaḥ ).—§ 777 (Svargārohaṇik. p.): XIII, 169, 7783 (J., all. to § 573), [7787 (J., all. to § 573)].— § 782 c (Arjuna Kārtavīrya): XIV, 29, 824, 825, 826, 827, [828 (Bh.)], 829, [830 (J.)] (slew Arjuna Kārtavīrya and his kinsmen).—§ 782 d (do.): Having slain Arjuna Kārtavīrya and destroyed his troops he afterwards repeatedly destroyed the kṣatriyas begotten by brahmans upon kṣatriya women, who had lost their children, twenty-one times. Then a bodiless voice from heaven which was heard by all people told him to desist, and as he refused, being unable to forgive the slaughter of his father, his Pitṛs (XIV, 29 ) told him the old story of king Alarka(e) and caused him to practise penances, by which he attained to high success (XIV, 80 ): XIV, 29, [833 (J.)], 834, 835; 30, 871 [872 (J.)]. [ ID=8963 ]
- 1. A son of Jamadagni and Renuka, and an incarnation of Hari. 2. A Brahmin sage destined to be a sage in a future manvantara. 3. A renowned slayer of the Kshatriyas who eradicated them twenty-one times and performed severe penance to please Shiva, from whom he received divine weapons and mantras.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-075 ] Rāma (III) ( Paraśurāma ) — a son of Jamadagni and Reṇukā; an amśa of Hari. Heard from his father that Arjuna-Haihaya had taken Kāmadhenu against his wish, and getting angry went to Haihaya's capital, cut off the king's head and took back the cow. In order to get rid of the sin of killing a king, he went on tīrthayātra for a year. 1 In obedience to his father's command he killed his mother and brothers. This pleased the father and by his boon to his son, they all came back to life. During his absence, the sons of Haihaya killed his father, and on his return, found his mother crying over the death of Jamadagni. He took his axe, ran to Māhiṣmatī, rooted out all the Kṣatriyas by defeating them twenty-one times; with their blood he made nine pools at Syamantapañcaka, where he worshipped his father's dead body and distributed the various regions to the priests; ended it with avabhṛta in the Sarasvatī. 2 He would be a great sage in the forthcoming manvantara. A sage of the 8th manvantara. Even today resides in Mahen- dra contemplating on Hari; 3 was invited for the Rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira and came to see Kṛṣṇa at Syamantapañcaka. 4 In his early years, with the leave of his parents, he visited his grand parents Ṛcīka and Satyavatī; and after some stay there, called on his great grandfather Bhṛgu, who advised Page3-076+ 34 him to do tapas in the Himālayas in honour of Śiva. Engaged in tapas by standing in water in the winter and on the fire in summer, by means of Padmāsana; Śiva in hunter's guise visited him and asked him to quit his place. Suspecting him to be god, Rāma, appealed to him when Śiva showed his true form. Instructed by Śiva, he went round the earth on a pilgrimage tour. Helped the Devas in routing the Asuras; continued his tapas by worshipping Śiva as mṛga- vyādha. Pleased, the Lord instructed him in the astra- grāma in its four aspects; went to Brahmā for advice before he started on his crusade against the Kṣatriyas. Advised to meet Śiva and to get initiated into Kṛṣṇamantra kavacam; Śiva instructed him with Trailokya vijayam mantram. On his way back he stayed at Puṣkara and heard a male deer narrating the story of Paraśurāma and Akṛtavraṇa to the female deer, adding that his was not the uttama bhakti but the madhyama. He took the hint from that conversation that he would achieve his end by Agastya's grace. Rāma repaired to the hermitage of Agastya, followed by the deer. 5 Mūlaka afraid of; 6 a Brāhmaṇa; 7 a slayer of the Kṣatriyas; versed in Dhanurveda; 8 equal in prowess to Indra resplend- ent and a mixture of Brahma and Kṣatra; 9 consort Dharanī. 10 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. IX. 15. 13 to the end. Br. III. 1. 98; 66. 63; 69. 48; M. 43. 40; 285. 7.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. IX. 16. 1-23; M. 273. 66.] [ Footnote: 3) Bhā. VIII. 13. 15; IX. 16. 25-7.] [ Footnote: 4) Ib. X. 74. 9; 84. 4.] [ Footnote: 5) Br. III. Chh. 21-35.] [ Footnote: 6) Ib. III. 63. 179; 74. 262.] [ Footnote: 7) Vā. 94. 46; 99. 449.] [ Footnote: 8) Ib. 91. 91.] [ Footnote: 9) Ib. 65. 94.] [ Footnote: 10) Vi. I. 9. 143.] [ ID=11612 ]

### Narratives of Rāmacandra (2 definitions)
- Son of Dasharatha, king of Ayodhya, and husband of Sita  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 589-2 ] Rāma 2 Dāśarathi, king of Ayodhyā, son of Daśaratha and husband of Sītā. § 5 (Anukram.): I, 1 α, 221 bis ( Dāśarathiṃ, in Nārada's enumeration).—§ 11 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 475.— § 243 (Vidurāgamanap.): I, 205, 7493 ( anavarau… R°ād Dāśaratheḥ ).—§ 267 (Yamasabhāv.): II, 8, 329 ( Dāśarathiḥ, in the palace of Yama).—§ 303 (Anudyūtap.); Page590-a+ 63 II, 76, 2495 (all. to § 529).—§ 323 (Dvaitavanapr.): III, 25, †950, †952 ( Dāśarathiṃ, all. to Rāmopākhyānaparvan). —§ 370 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 84, 8048 (? went to heaven having bathed in Gopratāra on the Sarayū), 8050.—§ 372 (do.): III, 85, 8208 ( Dāśarathiḥ, crossed the Gaṅgā at Śṛṅgaverapura).—§ 376 (do.): III, 85, 8269 (? yathā ).— § 383 (Paraśu-Rāma): III, 99, 8656 ( Daśarathasya putraḥ, incarnation of Viṣṇu), 8658 ( Dāśaratheḥ ), 8660 (do.), 8661, 8666 ( Dāśarathiḥ ), 8668 (do.), 8670, 8673 ( °śarīre ), 8680 (humiliated Rāma Jāmadagnya by showing him his celestial power).—§ 424 (Hanūmad-Bhīmasaṃv.): III, 147, 11178 ( °patnī, i.e. Sītā).—§ 425 (do.): III, 147, 11197 ( Dāśarathiḥ ); 148, 11210, 11211, 11214, 11216, 11217 ( °kathā ), 11219 (the history of R. briefly narrated, cf. Rāmopākhyānap.).—§ 430 (do.): III, 150, 11279 (all. to § 425).—§ 431 (Saugandhikāharaṇa): III, 151, 11324 ( Rāghavaṃ R°ābhidhānaṃ Viṣṇuṃ ).—§ 525 (Rāmopā- khyānap.): III, 274, 15872, 15874, 15875, 15876, 15878 ([eldest] son of Daśaratha), 15879 (son of Kausalyā), 15880 (married Sītā, the daughter of Janaka), 15881.—§ 527 (do.): III, 277, 15945 ( °ādīnāṃ ), 15946 ( Dāśarathī…R°- Lakṣmaṇau ), 15950 ( jyeṣṭhaḥ ), 15952 (anointed yuvarājā ), 15958, 15959, 15970 ( °ārthaṃ ), 15972, 15974, 15975, 15976 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), 15979, 15981, 15982 ( saha-Lakṣmaṇaṃ ), 15983 ( R. was banished by his father and went to Citrakūṭa, accompanied by Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa; after the death of Daśaratha Bharata reigned in the name of R.).—§ 528 (Rāvaṇagamaṇa): III, 277, 15984, 15986, 15996, 16000 (at Janasthāna R. slew the Rākṣasas Khara, Dūṣaṇa, etc.). —§ 529 (Sītāharaṇa): III, 278, 16006, 16012, 16015 ( āśremaṃ R°sya ), 16018, 16020, 16021, 16022, 16024, 16025, 16028, 16030, 16044 (while Rāma was pursuing a golden deer, Rāvaṇa ravished Sītā).—§ 530 (Viśvāvasumokṣaṇa): III, 279, 16050, 16057, 10060, 16062, 16064 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), 16071 ( Saumitriṇā saha ), 16075, 16081, 16085, 16092 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau, R. and Lakṣmaṇa delivered Viśvāvasu, who directed them to the monkey-king Sugrīva on Ṛṣyamūka).— § 531 (Rāmopākhyānap.): III, 280, 16098, 16100 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), 16103, 16105, 16113 ( Daśarathātmajaḥ ), 16116, 16120, 16127, 16129 ( Saumitriṇā saha ), 16132 (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa assisted Sugrīva against Vālin).— § 532 (Sītāsāntvana): III, 280, 16148, 16149 ( bhartā te — i.e. Sītā's— kuśalī R°o Lakṣmaṇānugataḥ ), 16160 ( °syāstreṇa ). —§ 533 (Sītā-Rāvaṇasaṃv.): III, 281, 16194.—§ 534 (Hanūmatpratyāgamana): III, 282, 16211, 16216, 16218, 16220, 16226, 16227 ( °-Lakṣmaṇa-sannidhau ), 16228, 16229, 16230, 16233, 16249, 16258 ( °sya dūtaḥ, i.e. Hanūmat), 16259 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), 16260, 16267 (Hanūmat announced to R. that he had found Sītā).—§ 535 (Setubandhana): III, 283, 16269, 16270, 16277, 16294, 16303, 16306, 16307, 16311, 16313, 16315, 16321 (followed by the monkeys, etc., R. started for Laṅkā, R. prayed to the ocean, Nala built a bridge over the ocean).—§ 536 (Laṅkāpraveśa): III, 284, 16331, 16361 (Laṅkā was attacked).—§ 537 (Rāma-Rāvaṇayuddha): III, 285 β, 16371, 16375 (the battle began, encounter between R. and Rāvaṇa).—§ 538 (Kumbhakarṇaraṇagamana): III, 286, 16387 ( °-Rāvaṇa- sainyānāṃ ), 16401, 16405 ( °ādīn, continuation of the battle). —§ 539 (Kumbhakarṇādivadha): III, 287, 16410, 16436 ( °-Rāvaṇasainyānāṃ ) (continuation of the battle).—§ 540 (Indrajidyuddha): III, 288, 16439, 16442 ( °-Lakṣmaṇa- Sugrīvāḥ ), 16458, 16463 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), (continuation of the battle).—§ 541 (Indrajidvadha): III, 289, 16465 Page590-b+ 62 ( °-Lakṣmaṇau ), 16472 ( Ikṣvākunandanaṃ ), 16476, 16491 (continuation of the battle).—§ 542 (Rāvaṇavadha): III, 290, 16499, 16504, 16505, 16506, 16507, 16509, 16517, 16518, 16520, 16523, 16525, 16526, 16528 ( R. slew Rāvaṇa). —§ 543 (Rāmābhiṣeka): III, 291, 16531, 16533, 16534, 16535, 16540, 16546, 16551, 16567, 16568, 16572, 16575 ( °kīrtyā samaṃ putra jīvitaṃ te —i.e. Hanūmat's— bhaviṣyati ), 16577, 16580, 16581, 16587, 16588, 16589 ( R. would first not accept Sītā, but the gods, etc., attested her innocence; R. returned to Ayodhyā and was anointed king).—§ 544 (Yudhiṣṭhirāśvāsa): III, 292, 16612 ( °eṇa Vaidehī punar āhṛtā ).—§ 551 (Kīcakavadhap.): IV, 21, 653—4 ( Rāmasya mahiṣī —i.e. Sītā— Rāmam evānupadyata ).—§ 565 (Gālava- carita): V, 117, 3976 ( reme…Vaidehyāṃ yathā R°ḥ ).— § 595 (Ṣoḍaśarāj.): R., of countless virtues, the elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa, lived for fourteen years in the woods together with his wife, at the command of his father; in order to protect the ascetics he at Janasthāna slew 14,000 Rā. Rāvaṇa (incapable of being slain by D. and As.) ravished his wife, the princess of Videha; R. slew him with all his kinsmen and followers. D. and Ṛ. applauded R.; he performed 100 horse-sacrifices, etc.; when R. ruled his kingdom, Ṛ., D., and men lived together on earth, nobody died in youth, etc. (description), men were each blessed with 1,000 children and lived for 1,000 years; R. reigned 11,000 years and then went to heaven, having established his line in eight dynasties (VII, 59 ): VII, 59, 2224 ( Dāśarathiṃ ), 2228, 2234, 2235 ( Dāśarathiḥ ), 2236, 2237, 2245, 2246.— § 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.): VII, 96, 3569 ( yādṛśaṃ… R°-Rāvaṇayor mṛdhe ); 106, 3981 ( yādṛk…vṛttaṃ R°-Rāvaṇayoḥ ); 107, 4040 ( yathā Dāśarathī R°o Kharaṃ hatvā mahābalaṃ ).—§ 603 (Nārāyaṇāstramokṣap.): VII, 194, 8975 ( °o Dāśarathir yathā ); 196, 9063 ( °o Vālivadhād yadvat ).—§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 5 ζ, 143 ( yathā R°eṇa Rāvaṇaḥ, sc. hataḥ ).—§ 612 (Hradapraveśap.): IX, 31 ζ, 1753 (had slain Rāvaṇa).—§ 615 (Baladevatīrthayātrā): IX, 39, 2250 ( Rākṣasasya…R°śiṣṭasya vai purā ).— [§ 615 k (Mahodara): IX, 39, 2255 ( Rāghaveṇa, slew Rākṣasas).]—§ 615 (Gadāyuddhap.): IX, 55, 3107 ( sadṛśau…R°-Rāvaṇayoḥ ).—§ 632 b (Ṣoḍaśarāj., cf. § 595): XII, 29, 944 ( Dāśarathiṃ ), 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 954 (repetition from § 595).—§ 653 b (Gṛdhra- gomāyusaṃv.): XII, 153, 5742 ( śrūyate Śambuke (B. Ja° ), śūdre hate brāhmaṇadārako jīvito dharmam āsadya R°āt satyaparākramāt ).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 340, 12949 ( Dāśarathiḥ, incarnation of Viṣṇu, sandhyāṃśe samanuprāpte Tretāyā(ṃ) Dvāparasya ca, will slay Rāvaṇa), 12968 ( Dāśa- rathiḥ, eighth incarnation of Viṣṇu).—§ 718 b (Uñcha- vṛttyup.): XII, 361, 13878 ( Daśagrīvaḥ —i.e. Rāvaṇa— … hato R°eṇa ).—§ 746 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 74, 3616 (communicated the discourse between Brahmán and Indra to Lakṣmaṇa); 76 ι, 3690 ( Dāśarathiḥ, attained to heaven by means of gifts of kine).—§ 761 (do.): XIII, 115 δ, 5666 (among the kings who did not eat meat during the month of Kārttika).—§ 767 (do.): XIII, 137, 6258 ( Dāśarathiḥ, attained to heaven by making gifts of wealth at the sacrifices). —§ 775 (do.): XIII, 166 η, 7677 ( Rākṣasahā, enumeration). —§ 778 (Aśvamedhik.): XIV, 3, 49 ( °o Dāśarathir yathā, sc. yajasva vājimedhena ). Cf. also the following synonyms:— Ayodhyādhipati (“the king of Ayodhyā”): XII, 954. Page591-a+ 62 Daśarathasya putra(ḥ) (“the son of Daśaratha”): III, 8656. Daśarathātmaja (do.): III, 16113 ( R° ). Dāśarathi (do.): I, 221 ( R° ), 2101 ( yathā yajño D°eḥ ), 7493 ( R° ); II, 329 ( R° ); III, †952 ( R° ), †954, 8208 ( R° ), 8657, 8658 ( R° ), 8660 ( R° ), 8666 ( R° ), 8668 ( R° ), 11197 ( R° ), 11338, 16291; VII, 2224 ( R° ), 2235 ( R° ), 4040 ( R° ), 6937 ( °eḥ samāḥ ), 8975 ( R° ); VIII, 4397 ( °eḥ samau, sc. Karṇa and Arjuna); XII, 944 ( R° ), 12949 ( R° ), 12968 ( R° ); XIII, 3690 ( R° ), 6258 ( R° ); XIV, 49. Ikṣvākunandana, Kākutstha, Kausalyā- nandivardhana, Kausalyāmātṛ, Kosalendra, Lakṣmaṇāgraja (VII, 2226), Rāghava, q.v. [ ID=8964 ]
- An incarnation of Vishnu or Narayana, born as the eldest son of Dasharatha, king of Kosala, famous for his righteousness, defeating Ravana, rescuing Sita, and ruling Ayodhya.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-074 ] Rāma (II) — a son of Daśaratha known for his righteous- ness and truth: Parikṣit compared to him: An avatār of Hari born in the Ikṣvāku line; killed Rāvaṇa; His fame equalled that of Pṛthu. 1 King of the Kośala country and brother of Lakṣmaṇa, Bharata, and Śatrughna: Disfigured Sūrpaṇakā; killed Mārīca (Subāhu?) and other Rākṣasas in the yajña of Viśvāmitra, bent and broke the bow of Śiva and married Sītā, put down the pride of Paraśurāma, spent a forest life with his wife in obedience to his father's command, killed Khara, Triśiras and 14,000 Rākṣasas; performed the funeral rites to Jaṭāyu, and Kabandha, killed Vāli for the sake of Sugrīva, put up a bridge across the sea, welcomed by the Lord of the seas; killed Rāvaṇa and Kumbhakarṇa in their capital, ordered Vibhīṣaṇa to perform funeral rites to his dead kith and kin; recovered Sītā; enthroned Vibhī- ṣaṇa; left in an aerial chariot to Ayodhyā, embraced Bharata, paid respects to Brahmanas, Gurus, elders and was crowned by Vasiṣṭha just like Indra. In his period which was the Tretāyuga, it looked like Kṛtayuga; sons, Kuśa and Lava; ruled for 1010 years; 2 led an exemplary household life, by his loyalty to his wedded wife; performed sacrifices by giv- ing all his kingdom as dakṣiṇa, retaining only the ornaments and dress, and for Sītā, her saumāngalya. The Brahmanas returned the kingdom as they had no use for it and praised him. 3 One night he went about to know what people talked of his rule. He heard a person saying that Rāma was mad after Sītā, taking her back though she was at another's house for long. Next day he abandoned her and left her at Vāl- mīki's abode. Here were born his two sons — Kuśa and Lava. When Sītā entered the bowels of the earth, Rāma led a life of celibacy for 13,000 years giving joy and happiness to the people of Kośala. Sent his brothers on digvijaya and him- self resided at the capital. 4 Hearing of the Rāmacarita of Vāl- mīki, rids one of karmabandhas; 5 resided on the banks of the Kadalī river; 6 the 24th in the Tretāyuga; 7th incarnation Page3-075+ 41 with Vasiṣṭha as Purohita; 7 image of, generally ten talas in measurement; 8 an earthly paradise created by Rāma in the upper regions of Godāvarī in Govardhana; 9 performed śrād- dha at Rudrapada and Daśaratha took the piṇḍa and went to Rudraloka blessing his son to go to Viṣṇuloka; 10 an incarna- tion of Nārāyaṇa. 11 [ Footnote: 1) Bhā. I. 12. 19; II. 7. 23-25; IV. 22. 63; IX. 10. 3; M. 12. 50-51.] [ Footnote: 2) Bhā. V. 19. 1; VII. 1. 44; 10. 36; IX. 10. 3-52; X. 40. 20; XI. 4. 21; Br. III. 7. 203; 8. 54; 37. 30; 63. 185-193; 64. 16; 73. 91; Vā. 88. 192-4; Vi. IV. 4. 87-102, 104.] [ Footnote: 3) Bhā. IX. 10. 53-6; 11. 1-7; Vā. 70. 48; 88, 184, 191-7.] [ Footnote: 4) Bhā. IX. 11. 8-35.] [ Footnote: 5) Ib. IX. 11. 23; M. 12. 50-51.] [ Footnote: 6) Ib. 22. 53.] [ Footnote: 7) Ib. 47. 245; 114. 38; Vā. 98. 92; 108. 16, 24-5.] [ Footnote: 8) M. 259. 1.] [ Footnote: 9) Vā. 45. 113.] [ Footnote: 10) Ib. 111, 64.] [ Footnote: 11) Vi. IV. 13. 53.] [ ID=11611 ]

### Other Deities (Varuṇa, Aruṇa) (2 definitions)
- an epithet of Varuna  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of Varuṇa, L. [ ID=177271 ]
- Name of Aruna  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — मः (maḥ) 3 N. of Aruṇa

### Rāmā (f.): Metre or Musical Measure (2 definitions)
- a kind of metre  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of metre, L. [ ID=177283 ]
- a musical measure  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (in music) a kind of measure, Saṃgīt. [ ID=177284 ]

### Rāmā (f.): Pigments and Colors (2 definitions)
- red earth  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > red earth, L. [ ID=177280 ]
- a kind of pigment  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a kind of pigment (= गोरोचना (gorocanā) ), L. [ ID=177281 ]

### Terms Associated with Rāmacandra (2 definitions)
- 1. The adventures of Rama. 2. The celebrated epic by Valmiki containing about 24,000 verses in seven books.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — अयनं (ayanaṃ) ( णं (ṇaṃ) ) 1 the adventures of Rāma. 2 N. of a celebrated epic by Vālmīki which contains about 24000 verses in seven Kāṇḍas or books
- 1. An epithet of Hanumat. 2. A monkey.  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > — दूतः (dūtaḥ) 1 N. of Hanumat. 2 a monkey. (

### A People (Rāmas) (1 definition)
- an ancient people  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > pl. N. of a people, VP. [ ID=177276 ]

### Abstract Noun: Pleasure, Joy (1 definition)
- pleasure or joy  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > pleasure, joy, delight, BhP. [ ID=177270 ]

### Rāma as Viṣṇu (1 definition)
- Vishnu  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Rāma 4 = Viṣṇu (1000 names). [ ID=8966 ]

### Rāmā (f.): A River (1 definition)
- a river  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a river, L. [ ID=177282 ]

### Rāmā (f.): Beautiful Woman (1 definition)
- A beautiful or charming woman, a wife, or a mistress.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1B) [Printed book page 877,1] रामा (rāmā) a f. a beautiful woman, any young and charming woman, mistress, wife, any woman, KaṭhUp.; MBh. &c. (for comp. See p. 878) [ ID=177277 ]

### Rāmā (f.): Dark Woman / Woman of Low Origin (1 definition)
- a woman of low origin  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a dark woman i.e. a woman of low origin, TS.; TĀr. [ ID=177278 ]

### The Number Three (1 definition)
- the number three  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of the number ‘three’ (on account of the 3 Rāmas), Hcat. ( रामस्य इषुः (rāmasya iṣuḥ), a kind of cane = रामकण्ड (rāmakaṇḍa), L. ) [ ID=177275 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546