# संयम (saṃyama) Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/samyama संयम (saṃyama) is a Sanskrit word meaning holding together, restraint, or self-control, tying up the hair, binding, fettering, closing of the eyes, concentration of mind, effort, exertion. Its 16 recorded definitions are grouped into 6 contexts, among them Restraint, Control, and Self-Discipline, Physical Constraining or Closing, Effort or Exertion. - **Root:** यम् (yam) - **Etymology:** E. सम् before यम् to restrain, aff. अप् — E. sam before yam to restrain, aff. ap - **SLP1:** `saMyama` **IAST:** saṃyama **Devanagari:** संयम - **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samyama - **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/samyama/declensions.md - **Other headwords romanised the same way:** संयाम (saṃyāma), सम्यम (samyama) ## Meanings by context ### Restraint, Control, and Self-Discipline (9 definitions) - holding together, restraint, or self-control *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > (H2) [Printed book page 1112,1] सं - यम (saṃ-yama) m. holding together, restraint, control, ( esp. ) control of the senses, self-control, Mn.; MBh. &c. [ ID=225657 ] - 1. Restraint, forbearance. 2. Humanity, avoiding the infliction of pain on others. *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (yama) (saṃyama) [Printed book page 873 ] संयम (yama) (saṃyama) m. ( - मः (-maḥ) ) 1 Restraint, forbearance. 2 Humanity, avoiding the infliction of pain on others. E. सम् (sam) before यम (yama) to restrain, aff. अप् (ap). [ ID=39634 ] - 1. Restraint. 2. Kindness or humanity. *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 793-b ] सं - यम (saṃ-yama) ( मः ) ((maḥ)) 1. m. Restraint; humanity, kindness. [ ID=39305 ] - 1. Restraint or check. 2. The last three stages of yoga. 3. Humanity or compassion. *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 739-09 ] संयम (saṃyama) m. 1. Restraint, check, वेदाभ्यासस्तपो ज्ञानमिंद्रियाणां च संयम (saṃyama) ः (vedābhyāsastapo jñānamiṃdriyāṇāṃ ca saṃyamaḥ) M. xii.83, Bg. iv.27; 2. name of the last three stages of yoga, K.S. ii.59; 3. humanity, compassionateness. [ ID=38945 ] - 1. Restraint, forbearance. 2. Humanity, avoiding the infliction of pain on others. *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 743-a ] संयम (saṃyama) m. ( - मः (-maḥ) ) 1. Restraint, forbearance. 2. Humanity, avoiding the infliction of pain on others. E. सम् (sam) before यम् (yam) to restrain, aff. अप् (ap). [ ID=41576 ] - 1. Restraint or forbearance. 2. Abstaining. 3. Compassion or avoiding the infliction of pain on others. *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 0981-b ] संयम (saṃyama) saṃyama, i. e. sam-yam + a, m. 1. Restraining, Man. 2, 88. 2. Re- straint, forbearance. 3. Abstaining, Bhartṛ. 2, 60. 4. Avoiding the in- fliction of pain on others, compassion- ateness, Śāk. d. 177. — Comp. Vāksaṃ- yama, i. e. vāc-, m. modesty, Bhartṛ. 2, 80. [ ID=15157 ] - 1. Restraint or control. 2. Suppression, destruction, or fettering. 3. Closing of the eyes. *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 567 ] संयम (saṃyama) m. restraint, check, control, esp. selfcontrol; suppression, destruction, tying up or together, fettering; closing (of the eyes). [ ID=33731 ] - restraint, control *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 263-a ] saṃyama, m. restraint, control, 68 6. [ √yam + sam. ] [ ID=4325 ] - 1. Restraint, check, control, forbearance, or abstinence. 2. The last three stages of the Yoga system. 3. A religious vow or a religious act performed on the day preceding a vow or penance. 4. Compassion or avoiding the infliction of pain on others. *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)* > संयम (saṃyama) [Printed book page 1035-a ] Saṃ-yama, as, m. restraint, check, control, for- bearance, abstinence; N. of the last three stages of the Yoga system; a religious vow; any religious act on the day preceding a vow or course of penance; avoiding infliction of pain on others, humanity, com- passionateness. —Saṃyama-puṇya-tīrtha, as, ā, am, having restraint for a holy place of pilgrimage. [ ID=47738 ] ### Physical Constraining or Closing (3 definitions) - tying up the hair *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > tying up (the hair), Sāh. [ ID=225658 ] - binding, fettering *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > binding, fettering, VarBṛS. [ ID=225659 ] - closing of the eyes *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > closing (of the eyes), MārkP. [ ID=225660 ] ### Effort or Exertion (1 definition) - effort, exertion *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > effort, exertion ( आ (ā), ‘with great difficulty’), MBh. [ ID=225662 ] ### Mental Concentration / Yogic Practice (1 definition) - concentration of mind *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > concentration of mind (comprising the performance of Dhāraṇā, Dhyāna, and Samādhi, or the last three stages in Yoga), Yogas.; Sarvad. [ ID=225661 ] ### Proper Name (Mythological Figure) (1 definition) - a son of Dhumraksha *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > N. of a son of Dhūmrākṣa (and father of Kṛśāśva), BhP. [ ID=225664 ] ### Suppression or Destruction (1 definition) - destruction of the world *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)* > suppression i.e. destruction (of the world), Pur. [ ID=225663 ] ## Sources Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne. The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546