# सवितृ (savitṛ)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/savitri

सवितृ (savitṛ) is a Sanskrit word meaning a stimulator, rouser, or vivifier, the orb of the sun or its god, name of one of the twenty-eight Vyasas, an epithet of Shiva or Indra, calotropis Gigantea, generating or producing. Its 26 recorded definitions are grouped into 7 contexts, among them The Sun or Solar Deity, Epithet of Deities (Śiva, Indra, Viṣṇu), A type of plant (Arka tree).

- **Root:** 2. सु (2. su)
- **Etymology:** E. सु to send or cast, (his rays,) तृच् aff — E. su to send or cast, (his rays,) tṛc aff
- **SLP1:** `savitf`  **IAST:** savitṛ  **Devanagari:** सवितृ
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savitr
- **Declensions:** 72 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/savitri/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### The Sun or Solar Deity (13 definitions)
- A sun-deity personifying the divine influence and vivifying power of the sun.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a sun-deity ( accord. to Naigh. belonging to the atmosphere as well as to heaven; and sometimes in the Veda identified with, at other times distinguished from Sūrya, ‘the Sun’, being conceived of and personified as the divine influence and vivifying power of the sun, while Sūrya is the more concrete conception; accord. to Sāy. the sun before rising is called Savitṛ, and after rising till its setting Sūrya; eleven whole hymns of the Ṛg-veda (Title) and parts of others [ e.g. i, 35; ii, 38; iii, 62, 10 - 12 &c.] are devoted to the praise of Savitṛ; he has golden hands, arms, hair &c. he is also reckoned among the Ādityas [ q.v. ], and is even worshipped as ‘of all creatures’, supporting the world and delivering his votaries from sin; the celebrated verse, Ṛg-veda (Title) iii, 62, 10, called गायत्री (gāyatrī) and सावित्री (sāvitrī) [ qq.vv. ] is addressed to him), Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. &c. [ ID=239474 ]
- the orb of the sun or its god  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > the orb of the sun (in its ordinary form) or its god (his wife is Pṛśni), MBh.; Kāv. &c. [ ID=239475 ]
- The sun  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1110-b ] 1 The sun; उदेति सविता ताम्रस्ताम्र एवास्तमोति च (udeti savitā tāmrastāmra evāstamoti ca) Kāvyaprakāśa 7. [ ID=29895 ]
- 1. A stimulator or vivifier. 2. A Vedic god personifying the generating power of the sun. 3. The sun.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 342-3 ] सवितृ (savitṛ) sav-i-tṛ́, m. [√ 2. su] stimulator, vivifier (Tvaṣṭṛ, RV., rare ); N. of a Vedic god belonging both to the sky and to heaven, personification of the generation power of the sun; C. : sun-god; sun. [ ID=19052 ]
- The sun  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 912 ] सवितृ (savitṛ) m. ( - ता (-tā) ) The sun. E. षू (ṣū) to send or cast, (his rays,) तृच् (tṛc) aff. [ ID=41288 ]
- The sun  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 832-b ] सवितृ (savitṛ) ( ता ) ((tā)) 4. m. The sun. [ ID=41021 ]
- 1. The sun. 2. An epithet of Indra. 3. An epithet of Shiva.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) (II) m. 1. The sun, येषां कुलेषु सविता च गुरुर्वयं च (yeṣāṃ kuleṣu savitā ca gururvayaṃ ca) Ut. i.; 2. an epithet of Indra; 3. of Śiva. [ ID=40180 ]
- 1. The sun. 2. Indra. 3. Shiva. 4. As a feminine adjective, a producer or giver.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 775-b ] सवितृ (savitṛ) m. ( - ता (-tā) ) 1. The sun. 2. Indra. 3. Śiva. f. ( - त्री (-trī) ) Adj. Producer, giver. E. सु (su) to send or cast, (his rays,) तृच् (tṛc) aff. [ ID=43369 ]
- 1. The sun. 2. A mother. 3. Causing.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1026-a ] सवितृ (savitṛ) savitṛ, i. e. sū + tṛ, I. m. The sun, Vikr. d. 20. II. f. trī, A mother. III. adj. Causing, Kir. 3, 5. [ ID=15890 ]
- 1. An impeller or enlivener. 2. The name of a solar deity often identified with Surya.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 605 ] सवितृ (savitṛ) m. impeller, enlivener, N. of a god, often identif, with Sūrya. [ ID=36044 ]
- 1. An impeller or enlivener. 2. The god Savitar. 3. The sun.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 270-a ] savitṛ́, m. —1. ( with the two mgs of Eng. quickener) impeller, enlivener; —2. The Enlivener, Savitar, name of a god, selection xxxvi.; —3. the sun, 23 13. [ √2su, ‘impel.’] [ ID=4507 ]
- 1. Generating or producing. 2. A generator, vivifier, or the sun. 3. An epithet of Indra and of Shiva. 4. A name of one of the twenty-eight Vyasas. 5. A particular plant or tree. 6. A mother. 7. A cow.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1097-b ] Savitṛ, tā, trī, tṛ, generating, vivifying, pro- ducing, causing, effecting; ( tā ), m. a generator, vivifier; the sun, (in the Veda sometimes identified with and sometimes distinguished from Sūrya, q. v.; according to Sāy. the sun before rising is called Savitṛ, and after rising till its setting Sūrya; many hymns of the Ṛg-veda are devoted to the praise of Savitṛ, e. g. 1. 35, II. 38, III. 62, 10-12, IV. 53, 54, V. 81, 82, &c. he is described as ‘golden- eyed,’ ‘golden-handed,’ ‘golden-armed,’ ‘golden- tongued,’ ‘yellow-haired,’ &c., the waters and the winds are said to obey him, and the other gods are described as following his lead and bowing to his authority; he is also, like Agni, called Apāṃ napāt, ‘son of the waters,’ and is even worshipped as a ‘lord of all creatures,’ supporting the world and de- livering his votaries from sin; the celebrated verse called gāyatrī and sāvitrī, q. q. v. v., is addressed to him); epithet of Indra; of Śiva; N. of one of the twenty-eight Vyāsas; a particular plant or tree (= arka); (trī), f. a mother; a cow. —Savitṛ- daivata, as, m. ‘having the sun for a deity,’ the constellation Hastā or the thirteenth of the lunar asterisms (so called because the sun is the ruling deity of this asterism). [ ID=51470 ]
- an impeller, one of the Adityas, identified with Surya the sun  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 636-1 ] Savitṛ (“impeller”), one of the Ādityas, sometimes identical with Vivasvat (Sūrya, the Sun, personified). § 3 (Anukram.): I, 1, 42 (a son or form of Vivasvat, cf. Āśāvaha).—§ 35 (Aruṇa): I, 24, 1277 (got Aruṇa for his charioteer).—§ 88 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 65, 2523 (the tenth of the Ādityas).—§ 119 (do.): I, 66, 2599 (husband of Tvāṣṭrī and father of the Aśvins).—§ 191 (Arjuna): I, 123, 4824 (the tenth of the Ādityas).—§ 222 (Tapatyup.): I, 172, 6583 (father of Tapatī).—§ 258 (Khāṇḍavadahanap.): I, 227, 8268 (fought against Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna).—§ 266 (Śakrasabhāv.): II, 7, 302 (in the palace of Śakra).—§ 310 b (Sūrya): III, 3, 135 (i.e. Sūrya).—§ 310 (Āraṇyakap.): III, 3, 146 (among the 108 names of Sūrya).—§ 310 b (Sūrya): III, 3, 191 (identified with Sūrya).—§ 390 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 110, 9994 ( dadau …Sāvitrīṃ S°ā yathā ).—§ 400 (Tīrthayātrāp.): III, 118, 10224 ( °uḥ, sc. āyatanaṃ ).—§ 439 (Yakṣayuddhap.): III, 163, 11850 (i.e. Sūrya), 11871 (do., description of the course of the Sun), 11880 (do.).—§ 440 (do.): III, 164, 11901 ( °uḥ, sc. astraṃ ).—§ 522 (Draupadīharaṇap.): III, 264, Page636-b+ 63 †15591 ( °uḥ, sc. sadanāt ).—§ 565 (Gālavacarita): V, 108, 3770 ( atraivoktā —sc. in the east— S°trāsīt Sāvitrī ).—§ 588 (Bhīṣmavadhap.): VII, 121 β, 5802 ( °uḥ, sc. astraṃ ).— § 617 (Aiṣīkap.): X, 18, 801, 807 (Rudra broke the arms of S.).—§ 665 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 208 β, 7581 (the sixth of the Ādityas).—§ 717 b (Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 349, VII), 13597 ( Āditye S°ur jyeṣṭhe ).—§ 730 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 14 β, 626; 16, 1058 (Śiva identified with S.).—§ 772 m (Atri): XIII, 157, 7297, 7302.—§ 773 b (Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 159, †7373 ( raśmivān, Kṛṣṇa identified with S.).— § 777 (Svargārohaṇik. p.): XIII, 168, 7743 (Kṛṣṇa identified with S.).—Do. 2 (a mere appellative designing the sun): I, 1797, 1883, 8411; III, 1334, 2933, 10052 ( iva ), †10639; V, 772 ( iva ), 1741, 2751, 3763; VI, 1899, 3818; VII, 1639, 2835, 9241; VIII, 1750 ( yathā ), 2342, 4943; IX, †1069 ( yathā ); XII, 2119, 6340, 7425; 7452; XIII, 428 ( sahasrakiraṇasya ), 7357; XIV, 190 ( raśmayo s°ur yathā ). [ ID=9848 ]

### Epithet of Deities (Śiva, Indra, Viṣṇu) (4 definitions)
- an epithet of Shiva or Indra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of Śiva or Indra, L. [ ID=239477 ]
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1110-b ] 2 N. of Śiva. [ ID=29895 ]
- Indra  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1110-b ] 3 Of Indra. [ ID=29895 ]
- 1. Shiva. 2. Vishnu.  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 636-2 ] Savitṛ 3 = Śiva (1000 names 2 ).—Do. 4 = Viṣṇu (1000 names). [ ID=9849 ]

### A type of plant (Arka tree) (2 definitions)
- Calotropis Gigantea  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Calotropis Gigantea, L. [ ID=239478 ]
- The Arka tree  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1110-b ] 4 The Arka tree. [ ID=29895 ]

### Feminine form (savitrī): Producer, Mother (2 definitions)
- see below  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2B) [Printed book page 1190,2] सवि (savi) ° त्री (trī) (°trī) a ( त्री (trī) ), f., see below. [ ID=239479 ]
- Producer or giver  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 767-18 ] सवितृ (savitṛ) (I) a. (f. त्री (trī) ) Producer, giver, सवित्री (trī) कामानां यदि जगति जागर्ति भवती (savitrī kāmānāṃ yadi jagati jāgarti bhavatī) G.L. 23. [ ID=40179 ]

### Lexicographical Notes/Cross-references (2 definitions)
- See page 1190, column 2.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H1) [Printed book page 1191,2] सवितृ (savitṛ) b, सवीमन् (savīman). See p. 1190, col. 2. [ ID=239672 ]
- See column 2.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > [Printed book page 1097-c ] सवितृ (savitṛ) savitṛ. See col. 2. [ ID=51500 ]

### Stimulator, Producer, Creator (2 definitions)
- a stimulator, rouser, or vivifier  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 1190,2] सवितृ (savitṛ) a m. a stimulator, rouser, vivifier (applied to Tvaṣṭṛ), Ṛg-veda (Title) iii, 55, 19; x, 10, 5 [ ID=239473 ]
- The creator of the world  
  *Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > सवितृ (savitṛ) [Printed book page 1110-b ] 5 The creator of the world. [ ID=29895 ]

### Name of a Vyāsa (1 definition)
- Name of one of the twenty-eight Vyasas  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of one of the 28 Vyāsas, VP. [ ID=239476 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546