# शकुनि (śakuni)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/shakuni

शकुनि (śakuni) is a Sanskrit word meaning a bird, in astronomy, the name of the first fixed karana, name of a Naga, an evil demon, name of an Asura, the brother of queen Gandhari. Its 33 recorded definitions are grouped into 8 contexts, among them A bird or avian entity, Other individuals (kings, ancestors, sages), Asura or Demon.

- **Etymology:** E. शक to be able, उनि Uṇādi aff — E. śaka to be able, uni Uṇādi aff
- **SLP1:** `Sakuni`  **IAST:** śakuni  **Devanagari:** शकुनि
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakuni
- **Declensions:** 72 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/shakuni/declensions.md
- **Other headwords romanised the same way:** शाकुनी (śākunī), शाकुनि (śākuni), शकुनी (śakunī)

## Meanings by context

### A bird or avian entity (10 definitions)
- a bird  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 1046,2] शकुनि (śakuni) m. a bird ( esp. a large bird, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) = ग्रिध्र (gridhra) or चिल्ल (cilla) accord. to some ‘a cock’), Ṛg-veda (Title) &c. &c. [ ID=211354 ]
- 1. A large bird. 2. An Asura. 3. A king of Gandhara, son of Subala, and maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes. 4. Ashoka's grandfather.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 305-a3 ] शकुनि (śakuni) śak-úni, m. bird ( esp. large ); N. of an Asura; N. of a king of Gāndhāra, son of Subala, and maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes; N. of Aśokaʼs grandfather; i-kā, f. hen-bird; N.; i-vāda, m. first song of birds at dawn ( Br. ). [ ID=17420 ]
- 1. A bird. 2. The maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes and counsellor of Duryodhana. 3. An astrological period called a Karana. 4. An Indian kite or eagle. 5. A hen sparrow.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शक (śaka) ुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 824 ] शक (śaka) ुनि (śakuni) m. ( - निः (-niḥ) ) 1 A bird. 2 The maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes, and counsellor of DURYODHANA. 3 One of the astronomical periods called Karaṇas. 4 The Indian kite or eagle, ( Falco cheela.) f. ( - नी (-nī) ) A hen sparrow. E. शक (śaka) to be able, उनि (uni) Uṇādi aff. [ ID=37439 ]
- 1. A bird, kite, or eagle. 2. An astrological period. 3. The uncle of the Kuru princes. 4. A hen-sparrow.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 742-a ] शकुनि (śakuni) ( निः ) ((niḥ)) 2. m. A bird; astronomical period; uncle of the Kuru princes; kite or eagle. f. ( नी (nī) ) A hen-sparrow. [ ID=37072 ]
- 1. A bird. 2. A vulture. 3. The maternal uncle of Duryodhana.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 704-10 ] शकुनि (śakuni) m. 1. A bird, M. v.11; 2. a vulture; 3. name of a maternal uncle of Duryodhana. (See App. II.) [ ID=36862 ]
- 1. A bird. 2. The maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes and counsellor of Duryodhana. 3. An astronomical period called Karana. 4. An Indian kite or eagle. 5. A hen-sparrow.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 702-b ] शकुनि (śakuni) m. ( - निः (-niḥ) ) 1. A bird. 2. The maternal uncle of the Kaurava princes, and counsellor or DURYODHANA. 3. One of the astronomical periods called Karaṇas. 4. The Indian kite or eagle, (Falco cheela.) f. ( - नी (-nī) ) A hen-sparrow. E. शक् (śak) to be able, उनि (uni) Unādi aff. [ ID=39222 ]
- 1. A bird or the Indian kite. 2. A proper name or surname of the Ashvins. 3. A hen-sparrow.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 0926-a ] शकुनि (śakuni) śak + uni (see the last), I. m. 1. A bird, Pañc. iii. d. 140. 2. The Indian kite, Falco cheela. 3. A surname of the Aśvins, MBh. 1, 723. 4. A proper name. Indr. 3, 9. II. f. nī, A hen- sparrow. — Probably akin to O.N. haukr; Danish, hog; O.H.G. habuh; A.S. hafoe. [ ID=14360 ]
- 1. A serpent-demon. 2. A female bird.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शकुन (śakuna) ि (śakuni) [Printed book page 533 ] शकुन (śakuna) ि (śakuni) m. = शकुन (śakuna), N. of a serpent-demon etc., f. शकुन (śakuna) ी (śakunī) a female bird. [ ID=31587 ]
- 1. A bird, vulture, kite, or eagle. 2. A cock. 3. The brother of queen Gandhari and maternal uncle of the Kuru princes. 4. An astrological period. 5. A son of Duhsaha. 6. A son of Vikukshi. 7. A demon causing sickness in children.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 0987-b ] Śakuni, is, m. a bird; a vulture, kite, eagle; (according to some) a cock; N. of the brother of queen Gāndhārī (and therefore the brother-in-law of Dhṛta-rāṣṭra and the Mātula or maternal uncle of the Kuru princes; as son of Su-bala, king of Gāndhāra, he is called Saubala; he often acted as counsellor of Duryodhana, and hence this name is sometimes applied to an old officious relative whose counsels tend to ruin); N. of one of the astronomical periods called invariable Karaṇas; N. of a son of Duḥ-saha; of a son of Vikukṣi; ( ī ), m. du., N. of the Aśvins; ( is ), f., N. of a demon causing a particular sickness of children; a demon slain by Kṛṣṇa; [cf. Old Norse haukr; Danish hog; Old Germ. habuh; Angl. Sax. hafoc.] —Śakuni-prapā, f. a trough or place for watering birds (= śrī-graha). —Śakuni- vāda, as, m. the cry or sound of a bird; the crow- ing of a cock. —Śakunīśvara (°ni-īś°), as, m. ‘lord of birds,’ epithet of Garuḍa. [ ID=45995 ]
- A bird used in divination, often associated with ill luck, specifically identified as a falcon, raven, or crow.  
  *The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 2-347 ] Śakuni, ‘bird,’ is used practically like Śakuna, but with a much clearer reference to divination. It was smaller than the Śyena or Suparṇa, 1 gave signs, 2 and foretold ill-luck. 3 When it is mentioned 4 in the list of sacrificial victims at the Aśva- medha (‘horse sacrifice’), a special species must be meant: later the falcon is so called, but the ‘raven’ may be intended; the commentator on the Taittirīya Saṃhitā thinks that it is the ‘crow.’ It is mentioned several times elsewhere. 5 [ Footnote: 1) Rv. ii. 42, 2.] [ Footnote: 2) Rv. ii. 42, 1; 43, 3.] [ Footnote: 3) Av. x. 3, 6.] [ Footnote: 4) Taittirīya Saṃhitā, v. 5, 19, 1; Vājasaneyi Saṃhitā, xxiv. 40; Maitrā- yaṇī Saṃhitā, iii. 14, 21.] [ Footnote: 5) Av. ii. 25, 2; vii. 64, 1; xi. 9, 9; Kāṭhaka Saṃhitā, xxv. 7; Aitareya Brāhmaṇa, ii. 15, 12; iv. 7, 3; Sata- patha Brāhmaṇa, xiv. 1, 1, 31; Chān- dogya Upaniṣad, vi. 8, 2, etc. Cf. Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, 88, 430.] [ ID=3130 ]

### Other individuals (kings, ancestors, sages) (9 definitions)
- son of Vikukshi and grandson of Ikshvaku  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Vikukṣi and grandson of Ikṣvāku, Harivaṃśa (Title) [ ID=211360 ]
- a son of Dasharatha  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Daśa-ratha, in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title); Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=211361 ]
- of the great-grandfather of Ashoka  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the great-grandfather of Aśoka, Rājataraṃgiṇī (Title) [ ID=211362 ]
- a son of Dasharatha and father of Karambhi  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-356 ] Śakuni (III) — a son of (Ekā) Daśaratha and father of Karambhi (aka). Bhā. IX. 24. 4-5; Br. III. 70. 44; Vā. 95. 43; Vi. IV. 12. 41. [ ID=13893 ]
- a son of Vikukshi  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (IV) — a son of Vikukṣi. Br. III. 63. 9. [ ID=13894 ]
- 1. A son of Sanadvaja. 2. Father of Svagata.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (V) — a son of Sanadvāja; father of Svāgata. Br. III. 64. 20. [ ID=13895 ]
- a son of Dridharatha and father of Karambha  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (VII) — a son of Dṛḍharatha and father of Karambha. M. 44. 42. [ ID=13897 ]
- a king with 500 brothers who ruled Uttarapathadesa, forty-eight of whom ruled the south, all being sons of Ikshvaku  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (VIII) — had 500 brothers who were rulers of Uttarāpathadeśa; of these 48 had sovereignty over the south; all sons of Ikṣvāku. Vā. 88. 9. [ ID=13898 ]
- a son of Sutadvaja  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (IX) — a son of Sutadvāja. Vā. 89. 20. [ ID=13899 ]

### Asura or Demon (5 definitions)
- an evil demon  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of an evil demon (son of Duḥ-saha), Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=211357 ]
- name of an Asura  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of an Asura (son of Hiraṇyākṣa and father of Vṛka), Harivaṃśa (Title); Purāṇas (Literary category) [ ID=211358 ]
- a demon  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Śakuni 3, a demon. § 502 (Manuṣyagrahak.): III, 230, 14486 ( °s tām —i.e. Surabhi— āruhya saha bhuṅkte śiśūn bhuvi ). [ ID=2306 ]
- the father of the Asura Vruka  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (II) — father of Asura Vṛka; took part in the Devāsura war between Bali and Indra. Bhā. VIII. 10. 20; X. 88. 14. [ ID=13892 ]
- a son of Danu  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śakuni (VI) — a son of Danu M. 6. 17. [ ID=13896 ]

### The Kauravas' maternal uncle (3 definitions)
- the brother of queen Gandhari  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of the brother of queen Gāndhārī (and therefore the brother-in-law of Dhṛta-rāṣṭra and the Mātula or maternal uncle of the Kuru princes; as son of Subala, king of Gāndhāra, he is called Saubala; he often acted as counsellor of Duryodhana, and hence his name is sometimes applied to an old officious relative whose counsels tend to misfortune), Mahābhārata (Title); Harivaṃśa (Title) &c. ( cf. Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams (Title) 380 ) [ ID=211359 ]
- son of the Gandhara king Subala and brother-in-law of Dhritarashtra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 184-1 ] Śakuni 1, son of the Gāndhāra king Subala and brother-in-law of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. § 4 (Anukram.): I, 1, †108, 139.—§ 11 (Parvasaṅgr.): I, 2, 412 ( Kitavaḥ, defeats Yudhiṣṭhira at the play), 426, 553 ( °eś ca vadhah…Sahadevena ).— § 83 (Ādivaṃśāvatāraṇa): I, 63, 2440 ( Gāndhārarājaputraḥ …Saubalah ).—§ 130 (Aṃśāvat.): I, 67, 2713 Page184-b+ 63 (incarnation of Dvāpara ).—§ 174 (Sambhavap.): I, 110, 4377 ( Gāndhārarājasya putraḥ, gave his sister Gāndhārī in marriage to Dhṛtarāṣṭra).—§ 197 (Bhīmasenarasapāna): I, 129, 5068 ( Saubalaḥ ).—§ 213 (Jatugṛhap.): I, 141, 5655 ( Saubalaḥ ); 142, 5674 (do.); 149, 5849.—§ 215 (Baha- vadhap.): I, 162, 6248.—§ 232 (Svayaṃvarap.): I, 186, 6985 ( Śakuniḥ Saubalaś caiva Vṛṣako 'tha Bṛhadbalaḥ | ete Gāndhārarājasya sutāḥ sarve samāgatāḥ ).—§ 243 (Vidurā- gamanap.): I, 205, 7516 ( Saubalaḥ ).—§ 287 (Rājasūyikap.): II, 34, 1265 (came to the rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira).—§ 290 (Śicupālavadhap.): II, 44 α, 1538.—§ 292 (Rājasūyikap.): II, 45, 1627 ( Saubalaḥ, remained in the palace of Yudhi- ṣṭhira).—§ 293 (Dyūtap.): II, 46, 1661 (do.).—§ 294 (do.): II, 47, 1662, 1682; 48, (1702), (1716), (1720); 49, 1726 ( Saubalaḥ ), 1727, (1728), 1731, (1762), 1766.— § 298 (do.): II, 56, (1966), †1977; 58, †2004 ( Gāndhāra- rājaḥ, shall play with Yudhiṣṭhira), 2007; 59, 2032 ( Saubalaḥ ), (2033), 2035, (†2036), 2041, (2043), 2049; 60, 2059; 61, 2060, 2062, 2066, 2070, 2074, 2078, 2082, 2085, 2090, 2093; 63, 2120 ( Saubalasya…Pārvatīyaḥ ); 65, (2141), 2142 ( Saubala ), 2145, 2147, 2149, 2151, (2153), 2154, 2156, (2157), (2159), 2161, 2162, 2166, (2167), 2169, 2170, 2172 (gambling with Śakuni, Yudhiṣṭhira loses all his wealth and also his brethren, himself, and Draupadī).—§ 299 (do.): II, 67, †2241 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ Subalasya putraḥ ), †2245.—§ 302 (Anudyūtap.): II, 74, 2456 ( Saubalaḥ ), 2472.—§ 303 (do.): II, 76, 2496 ( °er māyāṃ ), (2499), 2509, (2510), 2513 (the gambling is renewed and Ś. again wins).—§ 304 (do.): II, 77, 2539 (Sahadeva will slay Ś.), 2544.—§ 306 (do.): II, 80, 2655.—§ 311 (Āraṇyakap.): III, 4, †226, †233.—§ 312 (do.): III, 5, †247 ( Saubalasya ). —§ 313 (do.): III, 7, (293).—§ 327 (Draupadīparit.): III, 34, †1358.—§ 337 (Indralokābh.): III, 44, 1797 ( Sauba- lasya ).—§ 446 (Nivātakavacay.): III, 174, 12276.—§ 512 (Ghoṣayātrāp.): III, 236, †14761; 237, 14772, 14795; 238, 14816 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ ); 239, 14822, (14837), 14841; 240, 14851; 241, 14896 ( Saubalaḥ ), 14906 (do.) ( Ś. follows Duryodhana on the ghoṣayātrā and is vanquished by the Gandharvas).—§ 513 (do.): III, 251, 15124 ( Saubalaḥ ), (15125).—§ 515 (Karṇadigvijaya): III, 253, 15209, 15233; 254, 15254 ( Saubalaḥ ), 15272.—§ 521 (Draupadīharaṇap.): III, 262, 15495.—§ 548 (Āraṇeyap.): III, 312, 17245.— § 551 (Kīcakavadhap.): IV, 21, 646 ( Saubalasya ).—§ 552 (Goharaṇap.): IV, 50, 1577 ( Gāndhāraḥ ).—§ 554 (Sain- yodyogap.): V, 2, †37; 3, 60; 6, 114.—§ 556 (Sañjaya- yānap.): V, 21, 633; 26, †755; 29, †854 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ ), (λ) †860; 30 ν, †895 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ ).—§ 558 (Prajāgarap.): V, 35, 1257.—§ 561 (Yānasandhip.): V, 47 α, 1798 ( Saubalaḥ ); 49, 1944 ( Saubalasya ); 58, 2303 ( Saubalaḥ ); 66 εε, 2502 ( Saubalaḥ ).—§ 562 (Bhagavadyānap.): V, 79 δ, 2829; 91, 3240 ( Saubalaṃ ); 94, 3336 ( Saubalaḥ ), 3346 (do.), 3379 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ ).—§ 567 (do.): V, 127, 4239; 128, 4306; 130 ν, 4365 ( Saubalena ), 4366 ( Saubalasya ).— § 568 (do.): V, 143 η, 4835.—§ 570 (Sainyaniryānap.): V, 153, 5195; 154, 5218, 5227 ( Saubalaḥ ); 155 θ, 5275 ( Saubalaṃ ).—§ 571 (Ulūkadūtāgamanap.): V, 160 α, 5409, †5532 ( puruṣodadhim…Ś°prapātaṃ, i.e. the army of Duryodhana); 161, †5575 (do.); 162, 5599, 5613, 5614 (Sahadeva promises to slay Ś. and his son Ulūka); 163, 5698; 164 ε, 5709 (Sahadeva is urged against Ś.).—§ 572 (Rathātirathas.): V, 167, 5770 ( mātulas te —i.e. Duryo- dhana's—is a ratha ).—§ 573 (Ambop.): V, 195 ε, 7609 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ ).—§ 574 (Jambūkh.): VI, 9, 311 ( Saubalaḥ ).— Page185-a+ 63 § 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 14, 576; 16 α, 622 (do.); 20, †748 ( taṃ —i.e. Duryodhana— sarvataḥ Ś°ḥ Pārvatīyaiḥ sārddhaṃ Gāndhārair yāti Gāndhārarājaḥ ).—§ 578 (Bhīṣma- vadhap.): VI, 45 18, 1731, 1733 (fights Prativindhya); 51 σ, 2104.—§ 580 (do.): VI, 57 ι, 2452 ( Saubalaḥ ).—§ 582 (do.): VI, 71 δ, 3140; 72, 3166 ( Ś°m Ulūkañ ca mahārathaṃ pitāputrau ).—§ 584 (do.): VI, 82, 3630; 84, 3729 ( śyālas tava, i.e. Dhṛtarāṣṭra's).—§ 585 (do.): VI, 90, 3971, 3998 (has six brothers (σ), of whom the five are slain by Irāvat); 96, 4329 ( Saubalasya ); 97 ιι, 4404 ( Saubalaḥ ); 98 νν, 4489 ( mātulaḥ ).—§ 586 (do.): VI, 99 α, 4501 (in the van of Bhīṣma's sarvatobhadravyūha ).—§ 589 (Droṇābhiṣekap.): VII, 7 γ, 180 (in the right wing of Droṇa's array).—§ 590 (do.): VII, 14, 516 (fights Sahadeva).—§ 592 (Saṃśapta- kavadhap.): VII, 30, 1316 ( māyāśataviśāradaḥ, created illusions), 1329.—§ 593 (Abhimanyuvadhap.): VII, 37 ι, 1602 (fights Abhimanyu); 39 μ, 1650.—§ 598 (Jayadratha- vadhap.): VII, 85 ε, 3052 ( Saubalāt ); 86, 3072.—§ 599 (do.): VII, 95, 3532 (fights Sahadeva); 96, 3562 (attacked by Nakula and Sahadeva), 3565; 120 δδ, 4768, 4790 (fights Sātyaki); 130, 5327 ( °buddhijaṃ, sc. dyūtaṃ ), 5328; 151 γ, 6538, 6547.—§ 600 (Ghaṭotkacavadhap.): VII, 155, 6713; 156, 6750 ( putrapautraiḥ parivṛto bhrātṛbhiś ca ); 157 π, 6944 (read with B.: Cakuner bhrātaro vīrā Gavākṣaḥ, etc., five brothers of Ś. are slain by Bhīmasena); 158 ψ, 7030; 165, 7364 ( Saubalaḥ, fights Nakula); 169, 7569 (fights Nakula), 7571; 170 λλ, 7625 (fights Dhṛṣṭadyumna); 171, 7704 (fights Arjuna), 7714, 7716; 182 ζζζ, 8266, (ηηη), 8281; 183 ζζζ, 8294 ( Saubalasya ).—§ 601 (Droṇavadhap.): VII, 185 δ, 8441 ( mātulaś ca me, i.e. Duryodhana's).—§ 602 (do.): VII, 186 ζ, 8470 ( Saubalaḥ ), (θ), 8504 (do.).—§ 603 (Nārāyaṇāstramokṣap.): VII, 193 α, 8901; 200 αα, 9316. —§ 604 (Karṇap.): VIII, 1 α, 5 ( Saubalaḥ ); 4 ε, 83 ( Sauba- lasya ); 9, 326 ( Saubalaḥ ).—§ 605 (do.): VIII, 11 ν, 414 ( Ś. and Ulūka in the eyes of Karṇa's makaravyūha); 25, 1010, 1012, 1019 (fights Sutasoma); 32 σσ, 1332.—§ 608 (do.): VIII, 46 γ, 2134 ( °r Ulūkaś ca mahārathaḥ… Gāndhāribhir asadbhrāntaiḥ Pārvatīyaiś ca durjayaiḥ ); 47 ι, 2225; 48 ο, 2263; 50, 2393 ( Saubalaḥ, rushed against Bhīmasena); 51, 2494 ( °nirdiṣṭāḥ sādinaḥ…trisā- hasrāḥ ); 61, 3079 (attacked by Sātyaki), 3111, 3114; 64 θθθ, 3249 ( Saubaleyasya ); 77, 3907, 3911 (fights Bhīma- sena), 3914; 78 δʹ, 3999; 83 νʹ, 4254; 85, †4323 ( Gāndhāra- patiḥ, fights the Kulinda prince); 91 κʹ, †4749, 4750, 4758; 93 απʹ, 4864 (attacked by Nakula, Sahadeva, and Sātyaki); 95 αυʹ, 4969 ( Gāndhārāṇāṃ sahasreṇa…parivāritaḥ ). —§ 609 (Śalyap.): IX, 1 γ, 26 ( Saubalaḥ, has been slain); 2 ζ, 73 ( Saubalaḥ ), 96 (do.).—§ 610 (do.): IX, 3 ι, 156 (attacked by Nakula and Sahadeva); 6 ξ, 293.—§ 611 (do.): IX, 8, 400 (attacked by Nakula and Sahadeva); 11 μ, 563 ( Saubalaḥ ), 566; 16, 800, 832 ( °pramukhān ); 18, 972 ( Gāndhārarājasya putraḥ ), (977); 19, 1026, 1064; 22, 1152 (fights Yudhiṣṭhira), 1155; 23, 1204 ( Gāndhārarājasya putraḥ ), 1214 ( Saubalaṃ ), 1215, 1217, 1237, 1241, 1244 ( Saubalaḥ ); 24, 1274, 1277 ( Saubalaḥ ), 1279; 27 ττ, 1457, (υυ), 1459, 1473; 28, 1501 ( Saubalaḥ ), 1520 ( °eś ca padā- nugāḥ ), 1526, 1527, 1529, 1533 (father of Ulūka, who is slain), 1536 ( Saubalaḥ ), 1546, 1555, 1557, †1563, †1564 ( Ś. is slain by Sahadeva).—§ 612 (Hradapraveśap.): IX, 29, 1658 ( nihate ); 31, 1772 ( Saubalaṃ ), 1797 ( iva ).—§ 613 (Gadāyuddhap.): IX, 32 β, 1837 ( Saubalasya ); 33 ε, 1895, (ι), 1924 ( °buddhijaṃ, sc. karma, all. to the game), 1932 ( dyūte yad vijito rājā Ś°er buddhiniścayāt ), 1935 ( nihataḥ ).— Page185-b+ 61 § 615 (do.): IX, 56, 3155 ( °buddhijaṃ, sc. karma ), 3162 ( Saubala hataḥ ); 60, 3384 (has been slain); 61, 3429 ( °niścayāt, Duryodhana had wronged the Pāṇḍavas); 64 εε, 3589, 3613 ( Saubalaṃ ).—§ 618 (Jalapradānikap.): XI, 1 γ, 28; 8 ζ, 223 ( mātulaḥ, sc. Duryodhana's); 14 ξ, 375 ( Sauba- lasya ).—§ 619 (Strīvilāpap.): XI, 18 γ, 541; 24 ι, 698 ( Gāndhārarājaḥ…nihataḥ Sahadevena bhagineyena mātulaḥ ), 702.—§ 620 (Śrāddhap.): XI, 26 β, 790 (his body is burnt).—§ 768 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 148 ε, 6930.—§ 778 (Aśvamedhikap.): XIV, 1, 13.—§ 785 (Anugītāp.): XIV, 60 β, 1797 (has been slain by Sahadeva), 1798 ( nihate ); 84, 2486 ( °es tanayo vīro Gāndhārāṇāṃ mahārathaḥ ), 2487 (in order to avenge the slaughter of Ś. the Gāndhāras attack Arjuna), 2494 ( °eḥ putraḥ, fights Arjuna), 2506 ( °eḥ… tanayaṃ, is vanquished by Arjuna).—§ 789 (Putradarśanap.): XV, 31 η, 852 (is an incarnation of Dvāpara); 32 θ, 876 (among the dead princes who arose from the Gaṅgā).—§ 795 (Svargārohaṇap.): XVIII, 5, 149 ( Saubalaḥ, in Heaven), 167 (was absorbed— prāpa —into Dvāpara). Cf. also the following synonyms:— Gāndhāra, q.v. Gāndhārapati, q.v. Gāndhārarāja, q.v. Gāndhārarājaputra, Gāndhārarājasya putra(ḥ), Gāndhārarājasya suta(ḥ), q.v. Kitava, q.v. Pārvatīya (“the Mountaineer”): II, †2120; III, †1357; V, †895. Saubala (“son of Subala”): I, †157, †206 ( hataṇ saṃgrāme Sahadevena ), 2238, 2279, 2440 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2745, 5068 ( Ś°iḥ ), 5655 (do.), 5674 (do.), 5920, 6985 ( Ś°iḥ ), 7516 (do.); II, 1627 (do.), 1661 (do.), 1698, 1724, 1726 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2032 (do.), 2075, †2120, 2143, 2146, 2179, 2185, 2274, 2275, 2287, 2456 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2513 (do.), 2520, 2551, 2554, 2655 ( Ś°iḥ ); III, †247, 301, †912, 1797 ( Ś°eḥ ), 1954, 2022, 2030, †14771, 14801, 14808, 14810, 14843, 14896 ( Ś°iḥ ), 14906 (do.), 15092, 15124 ( Ś°iḥ ), 15204, 15218, 15272 ( Ś°iḥ ), 15294, 15324, 17453; IV, 646 ( Ś°eḥ ), (α), 1150, 1581, 2286; V, †10, †36, 65, 610, 989, 1798 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1944 ( Ś°eḥ ), 2303 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2502 ( Ś°iṃ ), 2932, 3240 ( Ś°iṃ ), 3336 ( Ś°iḥ ), 3346 (do.), 3441, 4167, 4262, 4306 ( Ś°iṃ ), 4365 ( Ś°inā ), 4366 ( Ś°eḥ ), 4890, 5088, 5218 ( Ś°eḥ ), 5227 ( Ś°iḥ ), 5409 ( Ś°iṃ ); VI, 311 ( Ś°iḥ ), 576 (do.), 622 (do.), 1732, 1996, 2452 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2460, 2468, 3134, 3330, 3353, 3455, 3971 ( Ś°iḥ ), 3995 ( °syānujāḥ, i.e. Gaja, etc.), 4329 ( Ś°eḥ ), 4404 ( Ś°iḥ ), 4668, 5007; VII, 517, 518, 1305, 1306 ( Gāndhārān …Saubalapramukhān ), 1327, 1589, 1838, 1900, 2629, 3052 ( Ś°eḥ ), 3061, 3567, 4793, 6746, 6848, 6855, 7055, †7290, 7364 ( Ś°iḥ ), 7559, 7561, 7570, 7669, 7676, 7707, 7715, 7717, 7746, 8294 ( Ś°eḥ ), 8470 ( Ś°iḥ ), 8504 ( Ś°iḥ ), 8544; VIII, 5 ( Ś°iḥ ), 83 ( C°eḥ ), 326 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1017, 1025, 1026, 1032, 1034, 1035, 1274, 1332 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2156, 2225 ( Ś°iḥ ), 2393 (do.), 2507, 2610, 3111, 3112, 3127, †3353, 3763, 3914, 3916, 3921, 3925, 3932, 3940, †4503, †4749 ( Ś°iḥ ); IX, 26 ( Ś°iḥ, mentioned among the slain), 73 ( Ś°iḥ ), 96 (do.), 373, 396, 563 ( Ś°iḥ ), 626, 1019, 1168 ( °sya sutaṃ, i.e. Ulūka), 1214 ( Ś°iṃ ), 1218, 1219, 1220, 1236, 1241, 1244 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1264, 1272, 1277 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1361, 1379, 1384, 1399, 1457 ( Ś°eḥ ), 1464, 1472, 1501 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1522, 1524, 1526, 1536 ( Ś°iḥ ), 1538. 1540, 1542, 1543, 1546, 1548, 1556, †1566 (is slain by Sahadeva), 1772 ( Ś°iṃ ), 1837 ( Ś°iḥ ), Page186-a+ 62 3159, 3162 ( Ś°iḥ…hataḥ ), 3432, 3613 ( Ś°iṃ ); XI, 375 ( Ś°eḥ ), 790 ( Ś°iṃ ); XII, 182; XV, 329, 336; XVIII, 149 ( Ś°iḥ ). Saubalaka (do.): III, 1948 ( ye cāsya —i.e. Duryo- dhana's— sacivā mandāḥ Karṇa-S°ādayaḥ ). Saubaleya (do.): III, 14, †223, 288, 1995, 15135; VI, 2471, 2910; VIII, 1036, 3249 ( Ś°eḥ ), 3909, 3916; IX, 1516. Subalaja (do.): II, 1681. Subalaputra (do.): I, 5635; VIII, 2497; IX, 1213. Subalasya putra(ḥ) (do.): III, †1356. Subalasya suta(ḥ) (do.): IX, 1153. Subalātmaja (do.): V, 2253 (chosen by Sahadeva for his antagonist); VI, 4774; VIII, 3919. [ ID=2304 ]
- A prince of Gandhara and evil adviser to Duryodhana.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) [Printed book page 3-355 ] Śakuni (I) — (saubala) a prince of Gāndhāra and an evil adviser to Duryodhana; joined him in insulting Vidura; attacked the northern gate of Mathurā, and the eastern gate of Gomanta when they were besieged by Jarāsandha. Bhā. III. 1. 14; 3. 13; VII. 2. 18; X. 50. 11 [7]; 52. 11. [6]. [ ID=13891 ]

### Name of a deity (2 definitions)
- the Ashvins  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > du. N. of the Aśvins, Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 1st edition with marginal notes (Title) [ ID=211363 ]
- an epithet of Shiva  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Śakuni 4 = Śiva (1000 names 1 ). [ ID=2307 ]

### Nāga or Serpent (2 definitions)
- Name of a Naga  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > N. of a Naga, Mahābhārata (Title) [ ID=211356 ]
- a serpent  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > [Printed book page 186-1 ] Śakuni 2, a serpent. § 67 (Sarpasattra): I, 57, 2157 (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's race). [ ID=2305 ]

### Astronomical term (Karaṇa) (1 definition)
- In astronomy, the name of the first fixed karana.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (in astronomy) N. of the first fixed करण (karaṇa) ( q.v. ), Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā (Title) [ ID=211355 ]

### Grammatical note / Cross-reference (1 definition)
- see below  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > शकुनि (śakuni) f( इ (i) or ई (ī) )., see below. [ ID=211364 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546