# शान्ति (śānti)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/shanti

शान्ति (śānti) is a Sanskrit word meaning tranquillity, peace, or calmness of mind, absence of passion, averting of pain, indifference to objects of pleasure or pain, alleviation of pain or evil, cessation or abatement. Its 45 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them Proper Name (Male/Deity/Sage/Title), Mental Peace and Tranquillity, Specific Conceptual/Technical Term.

- **Root:** 2. शम् (2. śam)
- **SLP1:** `SAnti`  **IAST:** śānti  **Devanagari:** शान्ति
- **Declensions:** 72 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/shanti/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Proper Name (Male/Deity/Sage/Title) (20 definitions)
- an epithet of a son of Indra  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > शान्ति (śānti) m. N. of a son of Indra, Mahābhārata (Title) [ ID=215346 ]
- of Indra in the tenth Manvantara  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of Indra in the tenth Manv-antara, Purāṇas (Literary category) [ ID=215347 ]
- of a Tushita (son of Vishnu and Dakshina)  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a Tuṣita (son of Viṣṇu and Dakṣiṇā), in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=215348 ]
- of a son of Krishna and Kalindi  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Kṛṣṇa and Kālindī, in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=215349 ]
- name of a rishi  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a Ṛṣi, Mahābhārata (Title) [ ID=215350 ]
- of a son of Angiras  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Aṅgiras, in the same place [Cologne Addition] (Title) [ ID=215351 ]
- a disciple of Bhuti  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a disciple of Bhūti, Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=215352 ]
- son of Nila and father of Sushanti  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a son of Nīla and father of Su-śānti, Viṣṇu-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=215353 ]
- an Arhat and Chakravartin in Jainism  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (with Jainas) of an Arhat and Cakra-vartin, Lexicographers, esp. such as Amarasiṃha, Halāyudha, Hemacandra, etc. (Author) [ ID=215354 ]
- of a teacher  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > of a teacher (also called रत्ना (ratnā) कर - श् (kara-ś) ° (°) ), Buddhist literature (Literary category) [ ID=215355 ]
- an Indra  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 195-1 ] Śānti 1, an Indra. § 238 (Pañcendrop.): I, 197, 7304 (the fourth of the five Indras). [ ID=2445 ]
- a rishi  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Śānti 2, a ṛṣi. § 717 c (Uparicara): XII, 337 ε, 12759 ( ṛṣiḥ, among the sadasyas at king Vasu Uparicara's sacrifice). [ ID=2446 ]
- the son of Angiras  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Śānti 3, son of Aṅgiras. § 747 b (Suvarṇotpatti): XIII, 85 θ, 4147 (the fourth son of Aṅgiras). [ ID=2447 ]
- an epithet of Vishnu  
  *Index to the Names in the Mahabharata*
  > Śānti 4 = Viṣṇu (1000 names). [ ID=2448 ]
- A son of Dakshina and a Tushita god.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (II) — a son of Dakṣiṇā, and a Tuṣita god. Bhā. IV. 1. 7-8. [ ID=14287 ]
- a son of Nila, and father of Sushanti  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (IV) — a son of Nīla, and father of Suśānti. Bhā. IX. 21. 30-31; Vi. IV. 19. 57. [ ID=14289 ]
- a son of Krishna and Kalindi  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-404 ] Śānti (V) — a son of Kṛṣṇa and Kālindī. Bhā. X. 61. 14. [ ID=14290 ]
- an author and master of the Atharva Samhita  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (VI) — (Kalpa) author of: a master of Atharva Samhitā. Bhā. XII. 7. 4; Br. II. 35. 62. [ ID=14291 ]
- a son of Tamasa Manu  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (VIII) — a son of Tāmasa Manu. Br. II. 36. 49. [ ID=14293 ]
- 1. The Indra of the gods. 2. The Indra of the tenth epoch of Manu.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (IX) — the Indra of the gods — Sudhāmāna and Viruddhas; 1 Indra of the tenth epoch of Manu. 2 [ Footnote: 1) Br. IV. 1. 69.] [ Footnote: 2) Vi. III. 2. 26.] [ ID=14294 ]

### Mental Peace and Tranquillity (8 definitions)
- 1. Tranquillity, peace, or calmness of mind. 2. Absence of passion. 3. Averting of pain. 4. Indifference to objects of pleasure or pain.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 1064,3] शान्ति (śānti) f. tranquillity, peace, quiet, peace or calmness of mind, absence of passion, averting of pain ( शान्ति (śānti) ! शान्ति (śānti) ! शान्ति (śānti) ! may the three kinds of pain be averted!), indifference to objects of pleasure or pain, Kaṭha-upaniṣad (Title); Mahābhārata (Title) &c. [ ID=215338 ]
- 1. Mental tranquility and peace of mind. 2. Extinction, abatement, alleviation, cessation, or removal. 3. Peace, good fortune, and prosperity. 4. Propitiatory rite for averting evil. 5. Destruction, eternal rest, decease, or death.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 311-3 ] शान्ति (śānti) śā́n-ti, f. [√ 2. śam] mental tranquility, peace of mind; extinction ( of fire ); abatement, alleviation, cessation, removal; propitiatory rite for averting evil ( rare ); peace, good fortune, prosperity; destruction ( rare ); eternal rest, decease, death ( rare ). [ ID=17752 ]
- 1. Tranquility, indifference to worldly pleasure or pain, and devotion. 2. Good fortune or felicity. 3. Rest and repose. 4. Expiatory rites to avert evil. 5. Preliminary ceremonies to prevent accidents during religious celebrations. 6. Remission or alleviation. 7. The sixteenth Jaina deified sage. 8. A Jaina emperor of the universe.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 838 ] शान्ति (śānti) f. ( - न्तिः (-ntiḥ) ) 1 Quiet, tranquillity, stoicism, the absence of passion, and indifference to objects of pleasure or pain; it is especially applied to the tranquillity of devotion, or quietism, by which the mind is wholly fixed on the subject of its meditation or worship, and is utterly disregardless of external impressions. 2 Good fortune, auspiciousness, felicity. 3 Rest, repose. 4 Expiatory or propitiatory rites to avert any evil. 5 Preliminary ceremonies to avert inauspicious accidents at any religious celebration. 6 Remission, alleviation. m. ( - न्तिः (-ntiḥ) ) 1 The sixteenth Jina or Jaina deified sage of the present era. 2 One of the Jaina emperors of the universe. E. शम (śama) to be appeased, aff. क्तिन् (ktin). [ ID=38069 ]
- 1. Quiet, tranquillity, stoicism, rest, or felicity. 2. A propitiatory rite. 3. Alleviation. 4. A Jaina.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 756-b ] शान्ति (śānti) ( न्तिः ) ((ntiḥ)) 2. f. Quiet, tranquillity, stoicism; rest; felicity; a propitiatory rite; alleviation. m. A Jaina. [ ID=37711 ]
- 1. Tranquility, inner peace, or freedom from passion. 2. Good fortune or happiness. 3. Rest or repose. 4. Expiatory rites to avert evil. 5. Preliminary ceremonies to prevent accidents during religious events. 6. Alleviation or relief. 7. The sixteenth Jaina deified sage. 8. A Jaina emperor of the universe.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 713-b ] शान्ति (śānti) f. ( - न्तिः (-ntiḥ) ) 1. Quiet, tranquillity, stoicism, the absence of passion, and indifference to objects of pleasure or pain; it is especially applied to the tranquillity of devotion, or quietism, by which the mind is wholly fixed on the subject of its meditation or worship, and is utterly disregardless of external impressions. 2. Goodfortune, auspiciousness, felicity. 3. Rest, repose. 4. Expiatory or propitiatory rites to avert any evil. 5. Preliminary ceremonies to avert inauspicious accidents at any religious celebration. 6. Remission, alleviation. m. ( - न्तिः (-ntiḥ) ) 1. The sixteenth Jina or Jaina deified sage of the present, era. 2. One of the Jaina emperors of the universe. E. शम् (śam) to be appeased, aff. क्तिन् । (ktin.) [ ID=39900 ]
- 1. Quiet and the absence of passion. 2. Felicity. 3. Rest or repose. 4. Cessation. 5. Alleviation or soothing. 6. Appeasing. 7. Expiatory rites to avert evil. 8. Preservation.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 0941-b ] शान्ति (śānti) śānti, i. e. śam + ti, f. 1. Quiet, the absence of passion, and in- difference to objects of pleasure or pain, Hit. 78, 8, M.M.; iii. d. 4. 2. Felicity, Lass. 96, 12. 3. Rest, repose, Mālat. 87, 6. 4. Ceasing, Hit. iii. d. 88. 5. Causing to cease, Mālat. 128, 3; remission, alleviation, soothing, Śṛṅgārat. 14; Śāk. 31, 11; Vikr. d. 24. 6. Appeasing (the stomach), Bhartṛ. 2. 23. 7. Expiatory rites to avert evil Rām. 1, 11, 14. 8. Preservation, Pañc. 89, 5; 90, 4. [ ID=14597 ]
- 1. Tranquillity or peace of mind. 2. Averting an evil omen or expiation. 3. Welfare or bliss. 4. Cessation, destruction, end, or death.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 543 ] शान्ति (śānti) f. tranquillity, peace of mind; averting of an evil omen, expiation; welfare, bliss; stopping, ceasing, extinction (of fire), destruction, end, death. [ ID=32222 ]
- 1. Tranquillity, calmness, or peace. 2. Rest, repose, or alleviation. 3. Pacification or reconciliation. 4. An expiatory rite for averting evil. 5. Expiation personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma. 6. Cessation. 7. Good fortune or felicity. 8. Preservation.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 1000-b ] Śānti, is, f. quiet, quietness, tranquillity, calmness, peace, ease, quietism, absence of passion, indifference to objects of pleasure or pain; rest, repose, remission; appeasing, pacification, allayment, alleviation, conso- lation, solace, satisfaction, reconciliation, settlement of differences; appeasing the stomach, satisfying hunger; any expiatory or propitiatory rite for avert- ing evil or calamity; Expiation (personified as a daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Dharma); ceasing, cessation; causing to cease; good fortune, auspicious- ness, felicity; preservation; ( is ), m., N. of the Indra of the tenth Manv-antara; of a pupil of Aṅgiras; of a king; the sixteenth Jina or Jaina deified sage Page1000-c+ 79 of the present era; one of the Jaina emperors of the universe. —Śānti-kara, as, ī, am, causing tran- quillity, calming, appeasing, soothing, consolatory. —Śānti-kartṛ, tā, trī, tṛ, causing tranquillity, calming, allaying; ( tā ), m. any divinity who averts evil. —Śānti-karman, a, n. any action leading to tranquillity or for averting evil. —Śānti-kāma, as, m. desire of tranquillity; ( as, ā, am ), desirous of tranquillity. —Śānti-gṛha, am, n. a room for rest or retirement near the place of sacrifice. —Śānti- candrikā, f., N. of a poem by Kavi-candra. —Śān- ti-jala, am, n. = śānty-uda. —Śānti-da, as, ā, am, giving tranquillity, tranquillizing. —Śānti-devā, f., N. of a daughter of Devaka. —Śānti-parvan, a, n. ‘Tranquillizing-section,’ N. of the twelfth book of the Mahā-bhārata, (the longest in the whole poem and consisting chiefly of stories, discourses, and epi- sodes narrated for the tranquillizing of the troubled spirit of Yudhi-ṣṭhira after the termination of the war and the slaughter of his many relatives.) —Śānti- purāṇa, am, n., N. of a Jaina work by Aśaga. —Śānti-ratna, am, n. ‘jewel of tranquillity,’ N. of a work. —Śānti-vrata, am, n., N. of a particular religious observance (kept on the fifth day of the light half of the month Kārttika). —Śānti-śataka, am, n. ‘a hundred verses on tranquillity,’ N. of a short poem by Śrī-śihlana. —Śānti-śīla, as, m. ‘quiet-tempered,’ a proper N. —Śānti-sarvasva, am, n. ‘essence of quietism,’ N. of a work. —Śānti- sūkta, am, n., N. of a hymn on quietism. —Śānti- sūri, is, m., N. of the author of a Jaina work. —Śānti-homa, as, m. a propitiatory oblation, a burnt offering to avert or remedy evil. —Śānty- uda or śānty-udaka, am, n. propitiatory water, water offered at sacrifices for propitiation, lustral water. —Śāntyuda-kumbha, as, m. a vessel holding propitiatory water. [ ID=46448 ]

### Specific Conceptual/Technical Term (5 definitions)
- pacification or tranquility  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > = शान्ति - कल्प (śānti-kalpa), Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=215344 ]
- an aspect or manifestation of Hari  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (X) — a kalā of Hari. Br. IV. 35. 95. [ ID=14295 ]
- a Shakti  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (XI) — a Śakti. Br. IV. 44. 71. [ ID=14296 ]
- one of the four fruits of pranayama, representing the ruin of all sins of ancestors and relatives  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-405 ] Śānti (XIII) — one of the four fruits of Prāṇāyāma, the ruin of all sins of the Pitrs and cognates. Vā. 11. 6. [ ID=14298 ]
- Agni  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (XIV) — (Pracetas): Agni. Vā. 29. 27. [ ID=14299 ]

### Proper Name (Female/Personification) (3 definitions)
- Tranquillity personified  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > Tranquillity &c. personified (as a daughter of Śraddhā, as the wife of Atharvan, as the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Dharma), Harivaṃśa (Title); Prabodha-candrodaya (Title); Purāṇas (Literary category) [ ID=215345 ]
- a daughter of Kardama and wife of Atharvana  
  *The Purana Index*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 3-403 ] Śānti (I) — a daughter of Kardama, married to Athar- vaṇa: Dadhyañca was her son. Yajña was popularised in the world by her. Bhā. III. 24. 24; IV. 1. 42. [ ID=14286 ]
- A daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (III) — a daughter of Dakṣa, and a wife of Dharma, gave birth to Sukha (Kṣema- Vā. P. ). Bhā. IV. 1. 49 and 51; Br. II. 9. 50, 61; Vā. 10. 25. 37; Vi. I. 7. 23, 30. [ ID=14288 ]

### Cessation/Alleviation of Negativity (2 definitions)
- 1. Alleviation of pain or evil 2. Cessation or abatement 3. Extinction  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > alleviation (of evil or pain), cessation, abatement, extinction (of fire &c.), Atharva-veda (Title) &c. &c. [ ID=215339 ]
- 1. Stopping or ceasing. 2. The absence of evil results from something of evil omen.  
  *Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary*
  > शान्ति (śānti) [Printed book page 257-b ] śā́nti, f. a ceasing, stopping; esp. the absence of the evil results of some word or thing of evil omen. [ √2śam, ‘be quiet,’ cf. 955a.] [ ID=4165 ]

### Name of a River (2 definitions)
- a river in Shalmalidvipa  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (VII) — a R. in Śālmalidvīpa. Br. II. 19. 46. [ ID=14292 ]
- a river originating from the lake Jaya  
  *The Purana Index*
  > [Printed book page 3-406 ] Śānti — a R. from the lake Jayā. M. 121. 71; Vā. 47. 71. [ ID=14305 ]

### Propitiatory/Expiatory Rite (2 definitions)
- an expiatory or propitiatory rite for averting evil or calamity  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > any expiatory or propitiatory rite for averting evil or calamity, Brāhmaṇa (Literary category) &c. ( cf. Religious Thought and Life in India, also called ’Brāhmanism and Hindūism,’ by Sir M. Monier-Williams (Title) 346 ) [ ID=215341 ]
- 1. To avert impending evils. 2. To get rid of fear. 3. To get rid of disease. 4. Against famine and fear from insects and robbers. 5. If beasts get sick and die. 6. When heterodoxy prevails. 7. For fear of troubles from other kings. 8. For wind diseases. 9. For famines and absence of rain. 10. For fear of curses. 11. For miscarriages in delivery. 12. For bad growth of vegetables. 13. For the well-being of children. 14. For fear of fire, disobedience, and servant troubles. 15. For horses. 16. For elephants. 17. For fear of ghosts and spirits. 18. For bad dreams. 19. For loss of wealth. 20. For loss of trees and lands.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > Śānti (XII) — to avert impending evils; abhayā to get rid of fear, saumyā to get rid of disease, vaiṣṇavī against famine and fear from insects and robbers, raudrī if beasts get sick and die, brāhmī when heterodoxy prevails, raudrī for fear of other king's troubles, vāyavī for diseases of wind, etc., vāruṇī for famines and absence of rains, bhārgavī for fear of curse, etc., prājāpatyā for miscarriages in delivery, tvāṣṭrī for bad growth of vegetables, kaumārī for well being of children, āgneyī for fear of fire and disobedience, troubles from ser- vants, etc., gāndharvi for horses, āngirasi for elephants, Page3-405+ 27 naiṛṛtī for fear of ghosts and spirits, yāmyā for bad dreams, kauberi for loss of wealth, pārthivī for loss of trees and lands. These are to be done at particular times of the day when certain nakṣatras like Hasta, Svāti are in the ascendant. M. 228. 5-27. [ ID=14297 ]

### Destruction, End, Death (1 definition)
- 1. Destruction or end. 2. Eternal rest. 3. Death.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > destruction, end, eternal rest, death, Kāvya literature (Literary category); Kathāsaritsāgara (Title); Bhāgavata-purāṇa (Title) [ ID=215343 ]

### Pause or Interruption (1 definition)
- a pause, breach, or interruption  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a pause, breach, interruption, Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi (Title) [ ID=215340 ]

### Welfare and Prosperity (1 definition)
- Peace, welfare, prosperity, comfort, and happiness.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > peace, welfare, prosperity, good fortune, ease, comfort, happiness, bliss, Mahābhārata (Title); Rāmāyaṇa (Title) &c. [ ID=215342 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Index to the Names in the Mahabharata; Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

The Sanskrit Lexicon app for iPhone, iPad and Mac: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/sanskrit-lexicon-dictionary/id6746787546