# त्याग (tyāga)

Canonical page: https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/tyaga

त्याग (tyāga) is a Sanskrit word meaning leaving, abandoning, quitting a place, discharging or secretion, giving up, resigning, gift, donation, or distribution, sacrificing one's life, liberality. Its 17 recorded definitions are grouped into 8 contexts, among them Broad Sense: Multiple Forms of Relinquishment/Giving, Act of Leaving/Abandoning/Quitting, A Sage or Renunciate.

- **Etymology:** E. त्यज to abandon, घञ् aff — E. tyaja to abandon, ghañ aff
- **SLP1:** `tyAga`  **IAST:** tyāga  **Devanagari:** त्याग
- **Wikipedia:** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ty%C4%81ga
- **Declensions:** 48 forms — https://sanskritlexicon.com/word/tyaga/declensions.md

## Meanings by context

### Broad Sense: Multiple Forms of Relinquishment/Giving (9 definitions)
- 1. Discharging or secretion. 2. Giving up, resigning, gift, donation, or distribution.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > discharging, secretion, Mahābhārata (Title) xiv, 630; VarBṛS. giving up, resigning, gift, donation, distribution, KātyŚr.; Mn. &c. [ ID=87370 ]
- 1. Abandonment, desertion, or quitting. 2. Giving up, sacrifice, or renunciation. 3. Liberality.  
  *Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 112-3 ] त्याग (tyāga) tyāg-á, m. abandonment, desertion; quitting; giving up, sacrifice, renunciation; liberality: -karma-samanvita, pp. linked with charity; -śila, a. liberal: -tā, f. liberality. [ ID=8815 ]
- 1. Gift or donation. 2. Leaving or deserting. 3. A sage detached from worldly thoughts.  
  *Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 387 ] त्याग (tyāga) m. ( - गः (-gaḥ) ) 1 Gift, donation. 2 Abandoning, leaving, parting from, separation, deserting, &c. 3 A sage, one who separates himself from worldly thoughts. E. त्यज (tyaja) to abandon, घञ् (ghañ) aff. [ ID=17967 ]
- 1. A gift or donation. 2. Abandoning or forsaking.  
  *Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 342-b ] त्याग (tyāga) ( गः ) ((gaḥ)) 1. m. A gift, donation; abandoning; a sage, forsaking all. [ ID=17443 ]
- 1. Leaving, forsaking, or deserting. 2. Giving up, resigning, or renouncing. 3. A gift or donation. 4. Liberality or generosity. 5. Secretion or excretion.  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > [Printed book page 317-02 ] त्याग (tyāga) m. 1. Leaving, forsaking, deserting, separation, न माता न पिता न स्त्री न पुत्रस्त्याग (tyāga) मर्हति (na mātā na pitā na strī na putrastyāgamarhati) M. viii.319; 2. giving up, resigning, renouncing, Bg. xii.41; 3. gift, donation, त्याग (tyāga) ाय संभृतार्थानाम् (tyāgāya saṃbhṛtārthānām) R. i.17; 4. liberality, generosity, R. i.22; 5. secretion, excretion. [ ID=15994 ]
- 1. Gift or donation. 2. Abandoning or leaving. 3. A sage detached from worldly thoughts.  
  *Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 322-a ] त्याग (tyāga) m. ( - गः (-gaḥ) ) 1. Gift, donation. 2. Abandoning, leaving, parting from, separation, deserting, &c. 3. A sage, one who separates himself from worldly thoughts. E. त्यज् (tyaj) to abandon, भावे घञ् (bhāve ghañ) aff. [ ID=17950 ]
- 1. Abandoning or forsaking. 2. Giving away, liberality, or prodigality. 3. Secretion.  
  *Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 0376-a ] त्याग (tyāga) tyāga, i. e. tyaj + a, m. 1. Abandoning, Man. 10, 111; Pañc. 261, 6; forsaking, Man. 8, 389; resigning, Rām. 4, 7, 9. 2. Giving away, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 499; liberality, Daśak. in Chr. 180, 16; prodigality, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 1260. 3. Secretion, MBh. 14, 630. — Comp. Ātmatyāya, i. e. ātman-, m. 1. loss of conscience, Suśr. 1, 192, 6. 2. suicide, Daśak. in Chr. 189, 9. Tanu-, m. risking one's life, Rām. 2, 40, 6. Deha-, m. dying, death, Man. 10, 62. Sthāna-, m. leaving one's place, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 3348. [ ID=6102 ]
- 1. Leaving, abandoning, or giving up. 2. Donation or sacrifice.  
  *Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 210 ] त्याग (tyāga) m. leaving, abandoning, rejecting, avoiding, giving up; donation, sacrifice (also fig. of one's life); also = seq. [ ID=12761 ]
- 1. Leaving, abandoning, or renouncing. 2. Giving, donating, or distributing. 3. Discharging or excreting. 4. Liberality or generosity. 5. Sacrificing one's life. 6. A sage who has renounced the world.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 0387-a ] Tyāga, as, m. leaving, letting go, abandoning, forsaking, parting from, deserting, renouncing, separa- tion; discharging; dismissing; giving up, resigning; gift, donation, distribution; sacrificing one's life; liberality, generosity, prodigality; secretion, excretion; a sage, one who separates himself from the world; [cf. ātma-t°, tanu-t°, deha-t°. ] —Tyāga-pattra, am, n. a bill of divorcement. —Tyāga-maya, as, ī, am, consisting only in giving or in donation. —Tyāga-yuta, as, ā, am, liberal. —Tyāga-śīla, as, ā, am, disposed to give away, generous, liberal. —Tyāgaśīla-tā, f. or tyāgaśīla-tva, am, n. generosity. [ ID=21476 ]

### Act of Leaving/Abandoning/Quitting (2 definitions)
- leaving, abandoning  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > (H2) [Printed book page 456,3] त्याग (tyāga) m. ( Pāṇini (Author) vi, 1, 216 ) leaving, abandoning, forsaking, Mn. &c. [ ID=87368 ]
- quitting a place  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > quitting (a place, देश - (deśa-) ), Pañcat. [ ID=87369 ]

### A Sage or Renunciate (1 definition)
- a sage  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > a sage, L. [ ID=87373 ]

### Act of Sacrifice (1 definition)
- sacrificing one's life  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > sacrificing one's life, Ṛg-veda (Title) iv, 24, 3 [ ID=87371 ]

### Cross-references or Linguistic Notes (1 definition)
- This entry provides several cross-references rather than a standalone definition.  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > cf. आत्म - (ātma-), तनु - (tanu-), देह - (deha-), प्रा (prā) ण - (ṇa-), शरीर - (śarīra-). [ ID=87374 ]

### Liberality or Generosity (1 definition)
- liberality  
  *Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)*
  > liberality, Manu-smṛti (Title) ii, 97; R. &c. [ ID=87372 ]

### Niggardly or Spending Little (Adjective) (1 definition)
- spending little, niggardly  
  *Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 302-06 ] त्याग (tyāga) a. spending little, niggardly. [ ID=15163 ]

### Philosophical Concept of Renunciation (1 definition)
- 1. Viewing the useful and useless equally. 2. Renunciation from affection, desire, and difficulty. 3. Giving up all actions with an equal eye on good and evil. 4. The result of knowledge and precursor to detachment, though difficult to achieve.  
  *The Purana Index*
  > त्याग (tyāga) [Printed book page 2-038 ] Tyāga — is to look on the useful and the useless equally; renunciation from affection, desire and difficulty; giving up of all Karmas and having an equal eye on good and evil; 1 result of Jñāna or knowledge; gives the result of Karma, but difficult to achieve; 2 leads to Vairāgya. 3 [ Footnote: 1) Vā. 59. 53.] [ Footnote: 2) Br. IV. 3. 45.] [ Footnote: 3) Vā. 102. 66.] [ ID=5583 ]

## Sources

Definitions from Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872); Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899); Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary; The Purana Index; Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary; Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary.
Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon, University of Cologne.

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