1. Action, work, or deed.
2. Performance, business, or office.
3. Specific action, moral duty, or the obligation imposed by peculiarities of tribe or occupation.
4. Labour.
5. Any religious action or rite.
6. Action consisting in motion as the third among the seven categories of the Nyaya philosophy.
7. Product, result, or effect.
8. Organ of sense.
9. Natural or active property.
10. The immediate object of an agent or act.
11. In grammar, the idea or notion expressed by the accusative case.
12. Fate or the certain consequence of previous acts.
13. In astronomy, the tenth lunar mansion.
कर्मन् (karman) [Printed book page 0209-a] कर्मन् (karman) karman, a, n. (fr. rt. 1.
kṛ; according
to some also m.), action, work, deed; performance,
business; office; specific action, moral duty, the
obligation imposed by peculiarities of tribe, occupa-
tion, &c. labour (as opposed to rest,
praśānti);
any religious action or rite (as sacrifice, ablution, &c.,
especially as originating in the hope of future re-
compense and as opposed to speculative religion or
knowledge of spirit); action consisting in motion as
the third among the seven categories of the Nyāya
philosophy, (of these motions there are five, viz.
ut-kṣepaṇa, throwing upwards;
ava-kṣepaṇa, throwing downwards;
ā-kuñcana, contraction;
pra- sāraṇa, extension or dilatation; and
gamana, going
or motion in general); product, result, effect; organ
of sense [cf.
karmendriya]; natural or active pro-
perty (as maturity, of heat; support, of earth; disper-
sion, of wind, &c.); the immediate object of an agent
or act; (in grammar) the idea or notion expressed
by the acc. case, (this object is of four kinds, viz.
a.
nirvartya, when anything new is produced, e. g.
kaṭaṃ karoti, ‘he makes a mat;’
putram prasūte, ‘she bears a son:’ b.
vikārya, when change is implied
either of the substance and form, e. g.
kāṣṭham bhasma karoti, ‘he makes ashes out of fuel;’ or
of the form only, e. g.
suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ ka- roti, ‘he fashions gold into an ear-ring:’ c.
prāpya, when any desired object is attained, e. g.
grāmaṃ gacchati, ‘he goes to the village;’
candram paśyati, ‘he sees the moon:’ d.
anīpsita, when an undesired
object is abandoned, e. g.
pāpaṃ tyajati, ‘he leaves
the wicked’); fate, the certain consequence of previous
acts [cf.
karma-pāka and
karma-vipāka]; (in as-
tronomy) the tenth lunar mansion.
—Karma-kara, as, ī, am, working for other people, a hired labourer,
a servant of any kind (as a pupil &c.) who is not a slave,
an agent, any one who does work or business; (
as),
m. an epithet of Yama, the regent of the dead; (
ī),
f. the plant Sanseviera Zeylonica; the plant Momor-
dica Monadelpha.
—Karma-kartṛ, tā, m. ‘an object-
agent’ or ‘object-containing agent,’ i. e. an agent which
Page0209-b+ 81 is at the same time the object of an act on (this is the
idea expressed by the reflexive passive, as in
odanaḥ pacyate, ‘the mashed grain cooks of itself,’ see
Gram. 461. c);
karma-kartārau, m. du. the work
and the person accomplishing it.
—Karma-kāṇḍa, as, am, m. n. that department of the Veda which
relates to ceremonial acts and sacrificial rites; N. of
a Jaina work.
—Karma-kāra, as, ī, am, a worker,
one who does any business, an artisan, a mechanic;
one who performs any act (without receiving wages
for it, according to native lexicographers); (
as), m.
a bull; a blacksmith (forming a mixed caste re-
garded as the progeny of the divine artist Viśva-
karman and a Śūdrā woman); (
ī), f. the plants
Sanseviera Zeylonica and Momordica Monadelpha.
—Karma-kāraka, as, ā, am, one who does any
act or work.
—Karmakārāpaya, nom. (fr.
karma- kāra) A.
karmakārāpayate, -yitum, to cause any
one to work as a servant.
—Karma-kārin, ī, iṇī, i, working, doing any work or act, (in compounds
preceded by an adjective or pronoun, e. g.
śubha- karma-kārin, doing good works;
tat-karma-kā- rin, performing the same business.)
—Karma-kār- muka, as or
am (?), m. or n. ‘the bow of action,’ i. e.
an efficacious or strong bow.
—Karma-kīlaka, as, m. a washerman.
—Karma-kṛt, t, t, t, performing
any work, skilful in work (e. g.
tīkṣṇa-karma- kṛt, working with zeal); a workman, an artisan;
a servant; one who has done any work.
—Karma- kṛtavat, ān, m. the director of a religious rite, the
reciter of Mantras or formularies.
—Karma-kṛtya, am, n., Ved. activity, the state of active exertion.
—Karma-kṣama, as, ā, am, competent to per-
form an act, able to do it.
—Karma-kṣetra, am, n. the district or region of religious acts; [cf.
karma- bhūmi.]
—Karma-granthi-prathama-vicāra, title
of a Jaina work.
—Karma-ghāta, as, m. lit. ‘the
killing of work,’ i. e. the act of leaving off work.
—Karma-candra, as, m., N. of a prince of Mā-
lava.
—Karma-cit, t, t, t, Ved. collected or accom-
plished by work.
—Karma-ceṣṭā, f. active exertion,
action.
—Karma-codanā, f. the motive impelling to
ritual acts.
—Karma-ja, as, ā, am, resulting from
or produced by any act whether religious or immoral;
(
as), m. the holy fig tree, Ficus Religiosa; the
Kali-yuga or fourth and present age of the world,
the age of iniquity.
—Karmaja-guṇa, as, m. a
property resulting from human acts (as separation,
reunion, &c.).
—Karma-jit, t, m., N. of a prince.
—Karma-jña, as, ā, am, skilled in any work;
acquainted with religious rites.
—Karmaṇi-vācya, as, m. the passive voice in grammar, (but according
to Pāṇini the passive is an Ātmane-pada verb with
the affix
yak in four tenses, and
karman expresses
only one idea of the passive.)
—Karma-tyāga, as, m. abandonment of worldly duties or ceremonial
rites.
—Karma-tva, am, n. or
karma-tā, f. state
of action, any act, the active discharge of the duties
and functions of life.
—Karma-duṣṭa, as, ā, am, corrupt in action, wicked in practice, immoral, dis-
reputable.
—Karma-deva, as, m., Ved. a god by
actions (opposed to
ājāna-deva, a god by birth).
—Karma-doṣa, as, m. a sinful work, sin, vice;
error, blunder; the evil consequence of human acts,
discreditable conduct or business.
—Karma-dhāraya, as, m., N. of a class of compounds (see Gram. 755);
according to native grammarians a subdivision of the
Tat-puruṣa class, the members of which are in the
same relationship either as adjective and substan-
tive or as two substantives in apposition (e. g.
śve- tāśva, ‘a white horse;’ Pāṇini I. 2, 42, calls a
Karma-dhāraya comp. a Samānādhikaraṇa-tatpu-
rusha; cf.
adhi-karaṇa).
—Karma-dhvaṃsa, as, m. loss of benefit arising from religious acts, destruc-
tion of any work, disappointment.
—Karma-nāman, a, n. a participle.
—Karma-nāśā, f., N. of a river
between Kāśī and Vihāra, contact with which destroys
the merit of works.
—Karma-nibandha, as, m.
necessary consequence of works.
—Karma-nirhāra, as, m. removal of (bad) deeds or their effects.
—Karma-niṣṭhā, ās, ās, am, Ved. diligent in
Page0209-c+ 81 religious actions, engaged in active duties; (
as), m.
a Brāhman who performs sacrifices &c.
—Karma- patha, as, m. the way or direction of an action.
—Karma-paddhati, is, f. title of a work.
—Kar- ma-pāka, as, m. the ripening of actions, i. e. re-
compense for actions done in a former life; [cf.
karma-vipāka.]
—Karma-pradīpa, as, m. title of
a work of Kātyāyana; N. of a work of Miśra.
—Karmapradīpa-vivṛti, N. of Śivarāma's com-
mentary on the Karmapradīpa.
—Karma-pradīpikā, f. title of a work of Kāma-deva.
—Karma-prava- canīya, employed for the definition of an action;
(
as), m. (scil.
śabdas) a term for certain preposi-
tions, particles, or adverbs, not connected with a verb,
but with a case of a noun; (according to Pāṇini the
first and general category to which prepositions belong
is that of Nipātas or particles; they are Upasargas
and Gatis when they are in connection with verbal
action, i. e. with the tenses of a verb; but the term
gati is more comprehensive than
upasarga, and is
applicable also when the verbal root becomes de-
veloped into a noun substantive, adjective, or parti-
ciple. Moreover, the term
upasarga is confined to
the prepositions with
su and
dus, whereas the Gatis
include many other adverbial prefixes such as
alam and the nouns and adjectives which take the affix
cvi &c. Lastly, prepositions are Karmapravacanīyas if they
are unconnected with verbs and govern a noun either
separated from it or forming a compound with it. A
Karmapravacanīya never loses its accent, and exercises
no euphonic influence on the initial letters of a fol-
lowing verb.)
—Karma-pravāda, as, m., N. of the
eighth of the fourteen Pūrvas or oldest religious
writings of the Jainas.
—Karma-phala, am, n. the
fruit or recompense of actions; pain, pleasure, &c.,
considered as the consequence of acts; the fruit of
the tree Averrhoa Carambola; [cf.
karmaraṅga.]
—Karmaphalodaya (°la-ud°), as, m. the occur-
rence of consequences.
—Karma-bandha, as, m. the
tie of works (by which the soul is attached to pleasure
&c.).
—Karma-bandhana, as, ā, am, bound by
acts; (
am), n. confinement to repeated existence, as
the consequence of acts.
—Karma-bhū, ūs, f. tilled
or cultivated ground.
—Karma-bhūmi, is, f. the
land or region of religious actions, i. e. where such
actions are performed; (according to Hemacandra
the Karmabhūmis are Bharata, Airāvata, and Videha,
but not the district of the Kurus; the other Varṣas
are
phala-bhūmayas, i. e. lands of recompense; cf.
karma-kṣetra.)
—Karma-maya, as, ī, am, con-
sisting of works, resulting from works.
—Karma- mārga, as, m. the way of work; a technical term
used by thieves for the breaking of walls &c.
—Kar- ma-mīmāṃsā, see s. v.
mīmāṃsā.
—Karma-mūla, am, n. Kuśa or sacrificial grass, used as an essential
part in many religious and sacred rites.
—Karma- yuga, am, n. the fourth and present age of the
world, the iron age, the Kali-yuga.
—Karma-yoga, as, m. performance of a work or business or of
worldly functions and religious duties; active exer-
tion, industry; connection with a sacrifice.
—Karma- yoni, is, m. f. source of action.
—Karmargha, as, m. (fr.
karman and
ṛgha in
ṛghāya), N. of a
teacher.
—Karma-vacana, am, n. (with Buddhists)
the ritual.
—Karma-vajra, as, ā, am, ‘whose
thunderbolt is work;’ an epithet of the Śūdra.
—Karma-vat, ān, atī, at, busy with a work, em-
ployed in it.
—Karma-vaśa, as, ā, am, being in
the power of or subject to former actions; (
as), m.
the necessary influence of acts; fate, considered as the
inevitable consequence of actions done in a former
life.
—Karmavaśi-tā, f. the condition of having
power over works, a quality of a Bodhi-sattva.
—Karma-vaśin, ī, inī, i, having power over
works.
—Karma-vāṭī, f. a lunar day or the thirtieth
division of a lunar month (regulating all ceremonies,
observances, religious actions, &c.).
—Karma-vighna, as, m. an impediment to work, obstruction.
—Kar- ma-vidhi, is, m. rule of action, observance, practice,
mode of conducting any ceremony.
—Karma-vi- paryaya, as, m. succession of office or employment,
Page0210-a+ 81 revolving or alternating duty; contrariety or reverse
of any act or business.
—Karma-vipāka, as, m. ‘the
ripening of actions,’ i. e. the good or evil consequences
in this life of human acts performed in previous
births; title of a work on this subject, explaining ex-
piatory rites to be performed in cases of disease &c.,
supposed to be the punishment of offences committed
in a previous existence (written in Ślokas in the form
of a dialogue between Śakuntalā-Bharata and Śātā-
tapa-Bhṛgu), a work of Viśveśvara-bhaṭṭa.
—Karma- vipāka-saṅgraha, title of a book.
—Karmavipāka- sāra, title of a book composed by Dinakara, the
brother of Kamalākara-bhaṭṭa.
—Karma-viśeṣa, as, m. variety of act or actions.
—Karma-vīja, am, n.
the seed of works.
—Karma-śālā, f. a workshop, a
house of business.
—Karma-śālī, f., N. of a river in
Caturgrāma.
—Karma-śīla, as, ā, am, assiduous,
laborious, one who perseveres in his duties without
looking to their reward.
—Karma-śuddha (?), am, n. approved occupation.
—Karma-śūra, as, ā, am, assiduous, laborious; (
as), m. a skilful or clever work-
man.
—Karma-śauca, am, n. humility.
—Karma- śreṣṭha, as, m., N. of a son of Pulaha by Gati.
—Karma-saṅgraha, as, m. assemblage of acts, com-
prising the act, its performance and the performer.
—Karma-saciva, as, m. a minister, any officer
employed upon active duties, as a judge, a deputy, &c.
—Karma-sannyāsika, as, m. an ascetic, a religious
person who has withdrawn from works.
—Karma- samādhi, is, m. devotion, abstraction (?) .
—Karma- sambhava, as, ā, am, produced by or resulting from
acts.
—Karma-sākṣin, ī, m. ‘the witness of all acts,’
epithet of the sun.
—Karma-sādhaka, as, ikā, am, accomplishing a work.
—Karma-sādhana, am, n.
implement, means; articles essential to the perform-
ance of any religious act.
—Karma-siddhi, is, f.
accomplishment of an act, success.
—Karma-sena, as, m., N. of the father of Rāma-candra.
—Karma- stha, as, ā, am, standing or being within the object.
—Karmastha-kriyaka, as, ā, am, any (root)
whose action stands within the object.
—Karmastha- bhāvaka, as, ā, am, any (root &c.) whose state
(
bhāva) stands within the object.
—Karma-sthāna, am, n. a public office or place of business.
—Karma- hetu, us, us, u, caused by acts, arising from acts.
—Karmākṣama (°ma-ak°), as, ā, am, incapable
of business.
—Karmāṅga (°ma-aṅ°), as, m. part
of any act, part of a sacrificial rite.
—Karmātman (°ma-āt°), ā, ā, a, one whose character is action,
endowed with principles of action, active, acting.
—Karmāditya (°ma-ād°), as, m., N. of a king.
—Karmādhikāra (°ma-adh°), as, m. the right of
action (in the Mīmāṃsa philosophy).
—Karmānu- bandha (°ma-an°), as, m. connection with or de-
pendance upon acts.
—Karmānubandhin, ī, inī, i, connected with or involved in works.
—Karmānu- rūpa (°ma-an°), as, ā, am, according to action,
according to function or duty.
—Karmānurūpatas, ind. conformably to act, function &c.
—Karmānu- ṣṭhāna (°ma-an°), am, n. practising one's duties,
discharging peculiar functions.
—Karmānuṣṭhāyin (°ma-an°), ī, inī, i, practising duties, performing
rites &c.
—Karmānusāra (°ma-an°), as, m. conse-
quence of or conformity to acts.
—Karmānusāratas, ind. according to one's deeds.
—Karmānta (°ma-an°), as, m. work, business, administration of an office;
management of any business; the end of any task
or act; the end or abandonment of ritual acts; tilled
or cultivated ground.
—Karmāntara (°ma-an°), am, n. interval between religious actions, suspense of
such an action; difference or contrariety of action;
penance, expiation.
—Karmāntika, as, ī, am, final,
completing; (
as), m. a workman, a servant, one
who finishes a work.
—Karmābhidhāyaka, as, ā, am, or
karmābhidhāyin (°ma-abh°), ī, inī, i, enjoining or prescribing duties or acts.
—Karmā- rambha (°ma-ār°), as, m. commencement of any
act.
—Karmārha (°ma-ar°), as, ā, am, fit for
work, able to do any work, suitable to any rite; (
as),
m. a man.
—Karmendriya (°ma-in°), am, n. an
organ of action (opposed to the
buddhīndriyāṇi or
Page0210-b+ 75 perceptive organs of sense; five are reckoned, viz.
the hand, the foot, the larynx or organ of the voice,
the organ of generation and of excretion).
—Karmo- dāra (°ma-ud°), am, n. any honourable or valiant
act, magnanimity, prowess.
—Karmodyukta (°ma- ud°), as, ā, am, actively labouring, busily engaged.
—Karmodyoga (°ma-ud°), as, m. engaging actively
in any work.
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