सोमsoma

सोम (soma) is a Sanskrit word meaning the moon or moon-god, a Soma sacrifice, a day destined for extracting the soma juice, monday, nectar, camphor. Its 48 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them Comprehensive Lexicographical Entries, Proper Names (Persons, Places, Titles), Other Deities, Demigods, or Classes of Beings.

Roots: 3. सु (3. su), 1. सु (1. su)
Etymology: E. षू to bear, (as young,) or to sprinkle, Unādi aff. मन् ।
Definitions: 48

View Declension Tables , 48 forms

Meanings by context

Comprehensive Lexicographical Entries

12 definitions

The juice of the Soma plant, the plant itself, an important Vedic deity, and later identified with the moon and various gods.

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

1. Extracted juice or the Soma plant. 2. The moon or moon god. 3. Monday.

— Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The moon. 2. Kuvera. 3. A monkey chief. 4. Air or wind. 5. Yama. 6. One of the Vasu demigods. 7. Shiva. 8. The moon-plant. 9. The acid juice of the moon-plant. 10. A drug of supposed magical properties. 11. Water. 12. Nectar. 13. Camphor. 14. A deified progenitor. 15. The mountains of the moon. 16. Rice-water or gruel. 17. Heaven or sky.

— Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The moon, Kuvera, a monkey chief, wind, Yama, a demigod, the moon-plant, its juice, water, nectar, camphor, or a mountain. 2. Rice gruel or the sky.

— Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. A plant used at sacrifices or its juice. 2. Nectar. 3. The moon. 4. Water. 5. An epithet of Kubera, Yama, or Shiva. 6. Air or wind. 7. Camphor. 8. The best or chief.

— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Rice-gruel. 2. The sky.

— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary

— Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The acid juice of the plant Sarcostemma viminalis. 2. The plant Sarcostemma viminalis itself. 3. Nectar. 4. Water. 5. The moon. 6. Kuvera, Yama, or Shiva. 7. Wind. 8. Camphor. 9. A mountain range. 10. Rice-gruel. 11. The sky.

— Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The soma plant or its juice, often personified as a god. 2. The moon or the moon god.

— Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The plant extract used in Vedic rituals, personified as a god. 2. The moon.

— Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary

See the main entry

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)

1. A particular climbing plant used in sacrificial offerings. 2. The intoxicating and invigorating juice of this plant. 3. The plant or its juice personified and deified. 4. Nectar or the beverage of the gods. 5. Water. 6. The moon or its deity. 7. A ray of light. 8. Air or wind. 9. Camphor. 10. A particular drug of supposed magical properties. 11. A particular mountain or mountainous range. 12. A particular class of Pitrs. 13. Rice-water or rice-gruel. 14. Heaven, sky, or ether.

[Printed book page 1136-c]
सोम (soma) soma, as, m. (according to Uṇādi-s.

I. 139. fr. rt. 3. su, ‘to distil or extract or sprinkle,’

but connected by some with rt. 4. su, ‘to generate,’

the act of expressing the Soma juice being compared

to the act of begetting), a particular climbing plant,

Sarcostema Viminalis or Asclepias Acida (said to grow

abundantly on the mountains of India and Persia;

this celebrated plant, sometimes called ‘the moon-

plant’ and perhaps a kind of milk-weed, was for-

merly a most important ingredient in sacrificial offer-

ings, and is perpetually alluded to in Vedic literature

as well as in the Persian Avesta; it was collected by

moon-light on certain mountains [in Ṛg-veda X. 34,

1. the mountain Mūja-vat is mentioned], stripped of

its numerous leaves, and then carried to the place of

sacrifice; the stalks having been there crushed be-

tween stones by the priests were sprinkled with

water and placed on a sieve or strainer for purifica-

tion [see pāvamāna], whence, after further pressure,

the acid juice trickled into a vessel called Droṇa;

after which it was mixed with clarified butter, flour,

&c., made to ferment, and then offered in libations

to the gods or drunk by the Brāhmans, by both of

whom its exhilarating or intoxicating qualities were

supposed to be highly prized; it is sometimes de-

scribed as having been brought from the sky by a

Śyena or falcon, and guarded by the Gandharvas;

sometimes as having been brought by the Gāyatrī in

the form of a bird, or by the daughter of the Sun,

from a spot where it had been nourished by the

rain-god Parjanya, who is represented in Ṛg-veda

IX. 82, 3. as its father, the god Soma being else-

where described as rejoicing in the society of the

waters; all the 114 hymns of the ninth Maṇḍala of
Page1137-a+ 81

the Ṛg-veda, besides many others throughout this

Veda and the whole Sāma-veda, are devoted to the

praise of this plant, the use of which seems now to

be little known, though in some parts of India

Soma sacrifices are still offered; for the connection

between the Soma ceremonies and the Sāma-veda

see sāma-veda; this Veda distinguishes two kinds

of Soma, one said to be green and the other yellow,

but the golden-coloured is described as most cele-

brated; the more modern Su-śruta, q. v., on the

other hand, distinguishes twenty-four varieties of the

Soma plant); the intoxicating and invigorating juice

of the above plant (which, in the Vedic period, was

regarded as a kind of Amṛta or nectar, conferring

eternal life and vigour on the drinkers of it, whether

gods or men, and was offered to the gods to pro-

pitiate them and make them accede to the petitions

of their worshippers, see above); the above plant or

its juice personified (and constantly deified in the Veda,

and in its character of a god represented as primeval,

all-powerful, all-pervading, healing all diseases, lord of

all other gods, and identified with the very supreme

Being himself; this worship of Soma by the Hindūs

of the Vedic age is thought to possess great

community of character with that of Dionysus and

Bacchus by the Greeks and Romans; Soma is

regarded as the author of Ṛg-veda X. 124, 1, 5 — 9);

nectar, the beverage of the gods; water; the moon

or its deity (to whom the name Soma, which first

belonged to the plant only, came to be applied in

Post-vedic mythology, traces of this application being

also observable in Ṛg-veda X. 85, in Atharva-veda

XI. 6, 7, and in several passages of the Śatapatha-

Brāhmaṇa; in the Viṣṇu-Purāṇa I. 22, Brahmā is

said to have appointed Soma or the moon to be the

‘monarch of planets, of plants, of sacrifices, and

penances,’ and one of the names of the moon is

Oṣadhi-pati or Oṣadhīśa, ‘lord of herbs;’ again,

at the churning of the ocean, as described in the

Purāṇas, after all sorts of medicinal plants and heal-

ing herbs &c. are thrown in, three of the precious

things said to be produced are Soma, ‘the moon,’

Amṛta, ‘nectar,’ and Surā, ‘spirituous liquor,’ and

in other legends this nectar is said to be preserved in

the body of the moon; in Manu V. 96, Soma is

called one of the eight Loka-pālas or guardians of

the world); a ray of light (= dīdhiti, according

to Śabda-k.); air, wind; camphor; a particular

drug of supposed magical properties; a particular

mountain or mountainous range, (according to some)

the mountains of the moon; a particular class of

Pitṛs, (probably for soma-pā); N. of a monkey

chief; of Kuvera; of Yama; of one of the Vasus,

(see vasu); of Śiva; of the author of a law-book;

of the author of the Rāga-vibodha; (ā), f., N. of

an Apsaras; (am), n. rice-water, rice-gruel; heaven,

sky, ether. —Soma-kavi, is, m., N. of a poet.

—Soma-kānta, as, ā, am, moon-beloved; lovely

as the moon; (as), m. the moon-gem, moon-stone

(= candra-kānta, q. v.); N. of a king of Saurāṣṭra.

—Soma-kāma, as, ā, am, Ved. delighting in Soma.

—Soma-kīrtti, is, m., N. of a son of Dhṛta-

rāṣṭra. —Soma-kṣaya, as, m. disappearance of

the moon, new moon. —Soma-garbha, as, m., N.

of Viṣṇu. —Soma-giri, is, m. ‘moon-mountain,’

N. of a mythical mountain. —Soma-gopā, ās, ās,

am, having Soma as protector. —Soma-graha, as,

m. a vessel for taking up the Soma. —Soma-ja,

as, ā, am, moon-produced, moon-born; (as), m.

epithet of the planet Mercury or Budha; (am), n.

milk. —Soma-tīrtha, am, n., N. of a place of pil-

grimage in the west of India (= prabhāsa, q. v.).

—Soma-datta, as, m., N. of a king of Vaiśālī;

(ā), f., N. of the wife of Yajña-soma. —Soma-

deva, as, m., N. of the author of the Kathā-sarit-

sāgara. —Soma-daivatya, as, ā, am, having Soma

as a deity, presided over by Soma. —Soma-dhāna,

as, ā, am, Ved. holding or containing Soma (as a

bowl). —Soma-dhārā, f. ‘Soma-holding,’ the sky,

heaven. —Soma-nandīśvara (°di-īś°), N. of a

Liṅga. —Soma-nātha, as, m. ‘Soma's lord, the
Page1137-b+ 81

divinity set up by Soma,’ N. of a celebrated Liṅga,

i. e. columnar emblem of Śiva or of the place or

temple where it was set up, (this temple was

established in the town described below, and was

one of the twelve celebrated Liṅga temples which

in various parts of India are held in especial venera-

tion; the legend relates that the god Soma or the

moon propitiated Śiva by performing great austerities

on the spot, whereupon Śiva granted him a boon,

and Soma in return set up a Liṅga on the place

where he had done penance; the temple built there

was so famed for its splendor and enormous wealth

that it attracted the celebrated Mahmūd of Ghaznī,

A. D. 1024, who, under pretext of destroying its

idols, carried off its treasures along with its renowned

gates); N. of several persons. —Somanātha-tīrtha,

N. of a Tīrtha. —Somanātha-pattana, am, n.,

N. of a town on the western coast of India (com-

monly called Somnath Pattan in the peninsula of

Kattywar and province of Guzerat; it was celebrated

for the temple of Śiva above described). —Soma-

pa, as, m. one who drinks the Soma juice (especially

at a sacrifice); a Soma sacrificer; a class of Pitṛs,

(see soma-pā.) —Soma-pati, is, m., Ved. ‘lord of

Soma,’ epithet of Indra. —Soma-pattra, as, m. a

sort of grass, Saccharum Cylindricum. —Soma-par-

van, a, n., Ved. the time for preparing the Soma.

—Soma-pā, ās, m. (acc. pl. soma-pas, dat. sing.

soma-pe, see Gram. 108. a), a drinker of Soma

juice (especially at a sacrifice); a Soma sacrificer;

the performer of a sacrifice; a Pitṛ of a particular

class (said to be especially the progenitors of the

Brāhmans). —Somapā-tama, as, ā, am, Ved.

drinking much Soma, very fond of Soma. —Soma-

pāna, am, n. the drinking of the Soma juice.

—Soma-pāla, as, m. a preserver of Soma, (pro-

bably) a provider or seller of the Soma plant; (ās),

m. pl. epithet of the Gandharvas (as keeping especial

guard over the Soma). —Soma-pāvan, ā, m., Ved.

a Soma drinker. —Soma-pīti, is, f. drinking Soma,

a draught of Soma; a Soma sacrifice. —Soma-pītin,

ī, m. a drinker of the Soma juice. —Soma-pītha,

as, m., Ved. a draught of Soma; [cf. go-pītha.]

—Soma-pīthin, ī, m. a Soma drinker. —Soma-

pīvin, ī, m. (doubtful), a Soma drinker. —Soma-pu-

tra, as, m. ‘son of the moon,’ the planet Mercury.

—Soma-pṛṣṭha, as, ā, am, Ved. touching Soma,

sprinkling Soma, (Sāy. = soma-spraṣṭṛ, somābhi-

ṣava-kartṛ, Ṛg-veda VIII. 63, 2.) —Soma-peya,

as, m., Ved. a sacrifice in which Soma is drunk,

a Soma libation. —Soma-pratīka, as, ā, am, Ved.

having Soma at the head. —Soma-prabhā, f., N. of

a female. —Soma-prayoga, as, m., N. of a treatise.

—Soma-pravāka, as, m. ‘Soma-sacrifice-an-

nouncer,’ a person commissioned to engage Śrotriyas

or sacrificial priests for a Soma sacrifice. —Soma-

bandhu, us, m. ‘friend of the moon,’ the white

esculent water-lily (as expanding at night). —Soma-

bhava, as, m. a proper N. —Soma-bhū, ūs, ūs, u,

Soma-born, belonging to the family of the moon;

(ūs), m. ‘son of Soma,’ epithet of Budha (regent of

the planet Mercury and supposed founder of the

lunar dynasty); one of the persons called Vāsudevas

by the Jainas. —Soma-yajña, as, m. a Soma sacri-

fice, an offering or libation of the juice of the acid

Asclepias. —Soma-yāga, as, m. a great triennial

sacrifice in which the Soma juice is drunk. —Soma-

yājin, ī, m. a Soma-yāga sacrificer (who also drinks

the Soma juice at the ceremony). —Soma-yogin, ī,

inī, i, being in conjunction with the moon. —Soma-

yoni, is, m. a sort of yellow and very fragrant

sandal. —Soma-rasa, as, m. the juice of the Soma

plant. —Soma-rājaki, ayas, m. pl., N. of a Gotra.

—Soma-rājan, ā, -jñī, a, having the Soma plant

as king, (Atharva-veda VIII. 1, 17); (ā), m., N. of

a Muni. —Soma-rājikā, f. = soma-rājin below.

—Soma-rājin, ī, m. the medicinal plant Serratula

or Vernonia Anthelmintica. —Soma-rājī, f. = soma-

rājin above; a particular metre consisting of six

syllables. —Soma-rāṣṭra, am, n., N. of a place.

—Soma-roga, as, m. a particular disease incident
Page1137-c+ 81

to women. —Soma-raudra, am, n., N. of a sacred

text; [cf. somā-raudra.] —Soma-latā, f. the

moon-plant Sarcostema Viminalis, (see soma, col. 1);

N. of the river Godāvarī. —Soma-latikā, f. a par-

ticular shrub (= guḍūcī). —Soma-vaṃśa, as, m.

‘the family or race of the moon,’ the lunar dynasty

or line of kings supposed to be descended from

Soma, ‘the moon,’ and his son Budha, (in this line

came Puru, Yadu, Dushyanta, Kṛṣṇa, Bharata,

Kuru, Dhṛta-rāṣṭra, and Pāṇḍu, see candra-

vaṃśa; it was one of the two great lines of ancient

Hindū kings, the other being called Solar, see sūrya-

vaṃśa); N. of Yudhi-ṣṭhira (as belonging to this

line). —Soma-vaṃśin, ī, m. a prince or king of the

lunar dynasty. —1. soma-vat, ān, atī, at, possessing

Soma (said of the Himālaya district), having Soma

juice; having the moon, lunar. —2. soma-vat, ind.

like the moon. —Soma-valka, as, m. a kind of

white Khadira, Mimosa Catechu; a medicinal plant

(commonly called Kāyaphal, = kaṭ-phala); the

plant Karañja; another kind (= rīṭhā-karañja).

—Soma-vallari, is, or soma-vallarī, f. the moon-

plant Sarcostema Viminalis; a kind of vegetable

(= brahmī). —Soma-vallikā, f. the moon-plant;

the plant Vernonia Anthelmintica. —Soma-vallī,

f. the moon-plant, (see soma above); the shrub

Cocculus Cordifolius (= yajña-vallī); the medicinal

plant Vernonia Anthelmintica; other plants (=

brāhmī; = pātāla-garuḍī; = su-darśanā). —So-

ma-vahni-prakāśa, as, ā, am, bright as the fire

of the moon. —Soma-vāmin, ī, m. ‘Soma-vomiter,’

a priest who has drunk so much Soma juice that he

is obliged to vomit it out of his mouth. —Soma-

vāra, as, m. ‘moon-day,’ Monday. —Somavāra-

vrata, am, n. a kind of religious observance per-

formed in the evening and consisting of the worship

of Śiva and Durgā preceded by fasting every Mon-

day. —Soma-vikrayin, ī, m. a vendor of Soma

juice. —Soma-vṛkṣa, as, m. the medicinal plant

Kaṭ-phala; the white Khadira; Vernonia Anthel-

mintica. —Soma-śakalā, f. ‘resembling a portion

of the moon,’ a kind of cucumber (= śaśāṇḍulī).

—Soma-śambhu, us, m., N. of an author. —Soma-

śarman, ā, m., N. of a king (belonging to the

Maurya dynasty); of a Muni; of a merchant.

—Soma-śuṣma, as, m., N. of a Brāhman. —So-

ma-śravas, ās, m., N. of a merchant. —Soma-

saṃsthā, f., N. of the fifth division of the Jyo-

tiṣṭoma sacrifice, (seven Soma-saṃsthās are enume-

rated, viz. Agni-ṣṭoma, Aty-agniṣṭoma, Ukthya,

Ṣoḍaśin, Ati-rātra, Vāja-peya, and Aptor-yāma.)

—Soma-sañjña, am, n. ‘Soma-named,’ camphor.

—Soma-sad, t, m. a Pitṛ of a peculiar class (de-

scribed as progenitor of the celestial beings called

Sādhyas, Manu III. 195). —Soma-sāra, as, m.

the white Khadira tree. —Soma-siddhānta, as, m.

‘the Soma doctrine,’ N. of a particular astronomical

text-book; a particular Tantra doctrine or system of

philosophy followed by a sect of Śaivas and regarded

as unorthodox, (it is personified in the Third Act of

the Prabodha-candrodaya); one who holds the above

system of doctrines; a particular Buddha. —Soma-

siddhāntin, ī, m. one who knows the Soma-sid-

dhānta; a follower of the above sect of the Śaivas,

a rationalist of the above school. —Soma-sindhu,

us, m. ‘ocean of Soma,’ epithet of Viṣṇu. —Soma-

sut, t, m. a Soma-distiller, Soma-sprinkler, a priest

who offers the Soma juice at a sacrifice. —Soma-

suta, as, m. ‘son of the moon,’ epithet of Budha,

q. v.; (ā), f. ‘daughter of the moon,’ the river

Narma-dā or Nerbudda. —Somasut-vat, ān, atī,

at, possessing offerers of Soma juice (said of a her-

mitage, a sacrifice, &c.). —Soma-sutvan, ā, m., Ved.

one who offers Soma libations. —Soma-sundara,

as, m., N. of a commentator. —Soma-sūkta, am,

n. a hymn in honour of Soma. —Soma-sūtra, am,

n. a channel for conveying water from a Śiva-liṅga

or a kind of receptacle to receive the water with

which the idol has been bathed. —Somasūtra-pra-

dakṣiṇā, f. circumambulation around Śiva's idol

in such a way as that the Soma-sūtra shall not be
Page1138-a+ 76

crossed. —Soma-sūrya-prakāśa, as, ā, am, bright

as the sun and moon. —Soma-sena, as, m., N. of a

king of Campaka-pura. —Somākhya (°ma-ākh°),

am, n. the red lotus. —Somātipūta (°ma-at°), as,

ā, am, excessively purified by the Soma juice (which,

if drunk in excess, is supposed to pass through the

nose, ears, and other apertures of the body). —So-

mānanda (°ma-ān°), as, m., N. of a preceptor.

—Somānanda-nātha, as, m., N. of a preceptor.

—Somā-pūṣaṇā, m. du., Ved. Soma and Pūṣan.

—Somābha (°ma-ābha), as, ā, am, like the moon;

(ā), f. epithet of Candrāvalī, q. v. —Somābhiṣava

(°ma-abh°), as, m. the distilling or extracting of

Soma juice. —Somā-rudra-sūkta, am, n., N. of a

Vedic hymn, (see the next.) —Somā-raudra, am,

n., N. of the four Vedic texts beginning with or

containing the word Somā-rudrā, (these occur in

Ṛg-veda VI. 74, 1 — 4; cf. Atharva-veda VII. 42,

Manu XI. 254.) —Somārka-pratisaṅkāśa (°ma-

ar°), as, ā, am, resembling the sun and moon.

—Somāha (°ma-ah°), as, m. ‘moon-day,’ Monday.

—Somāhuti (°ma-āh°), is, m., N. of the author of

the hymns Ṛg-veda II. 4-7 (having the patronymic

Bhārgava). —Someśvara (°ma-īś°), as, m. ‘Soma's

lord, the divinity set up by Soma,’ N. of a celebrated

representation of Śiva (supposed to have been set

up by Soma at Benares) or of the place where it

was established, (see soma-nātha); of an author;

of a poet; of the author of a work on music; of the

author of the Nyāya-sudhā commentary; (am), n.,

N. of a Liṅga at Benares. —Somotpatti (°ma-ut°),

is, f. the production or origin of Soma; N. of a

Pariśiṣṭa of the Ṛg-veda. —Somodbhava (°ma-

ud°), as, ā, am, moon-produced, sprung from the

moon; (ā), f. the river Narma-dā or modern Ner-

budda (so called either as supposed to be descended

from the moon or as the source of celestial nectar). [ID=52780]

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)

Proper Names (Persons, Places, Titles)

10 definitions

a particular mountain or mountainous range

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

various authors

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

an epithet of a monkey-chief

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

an Apsaras

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

of a river

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

of a queen

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

a son of Savitri and Prishni

— The Purana Index

a priest of the middle class in sacrifice

— The Purana Index

the temple of Soma in the Supaksha hill

— The Purana Index

a son of Atri and Anasuya

— The Purana Index

Other Deities, Demigods, or Classes of Beings

6 definitions

a particular class of Pitris

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

1. Surya 2. Skanda 3. Shiva 4. Vishnu

— Index to the Names in the Mahabharata

A Vasu, being a son of Dharma and Sudevi.

— The Purana Index

a Sukha god

— The Purana Index

a principal class of demigods

— The Purana Index

a Vasu and son of Bhagavan Varca

— The Purana Index

Other Physical Substances (Water, Air, Camphor, etc.)

5 definitions

camphor

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Air or wind

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

water

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

a drug of supposed magical properties

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

rice-water or rice-gruel

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

The Moon or Moon-God

5 definitions

the moon or moon-god

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Somachandra

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

originally the soma juice, generally identified with the moon

सोम (soma) [Printed book page 644-2]
*Soma¹, originally the soma juice, generally identified with

the Moon. § 28 (Amṛtamanthana): I, 18, 1145 (Śatasahas-

Page645-a+ 63

rāṃśuḥ, Śītāṃśuḥ, arose at the churning of the ocean), 1148;

[19, 1162 (Candra-Sūryābhyāṃ, 1166 (do.) (S. and Sūrya

discovered Rāhu drinking amṛta; Rāhu was slain but his

head yet swallows S. and Sūrya at the eclipses)].—§ 37

(Indra): I, 25, 1291 (Indra identified with S.).—§ 61

(Sarpasattra): I, 55, †2097 (°sya yajñaḥ).—§ 115 (Aṃśāvat.):

I, 65, [2577 (Indave, Dakṣa gave twenty-seven of his

daughters as wives to Soma)], 2580 (saptaviṃśatiḥ S°sya

patnyaḥ kālasya nayane yuktāḥ S°patnyaḥ).—§ 116 (Vasu pl.):

I, 65, 2582 (among the Vasus), [2583 (Caudramāḥ, do., son

of Manasvinī)], 2586 (father of Varcas).—§ 130g (Abhimanyu):

I, 67, 2748, 2759 (let his son Varcas become incarnate as

Abhimanyu).—§ 134 (Viśvāmitra): I, 71, 2933 (fears Viśvā-

mitra).—[§ 138 (Dakṣa Prācetasa): I, 75, 3134 (Indave,

Dakṣa gave twenty-seven of his daughters (kalasya nayane

yuktāḥ) as wives to S.)]—§ 147 (Devayānī): I, 82, 3408

(°sya…gṛhe…striyaṃ).—§ 221b (Cākṣuṣī): I, 170,

6478 (learnt the science Cākṣuṣī from Manu and communi-

cated it to Viśvāvasu).—§ 238 (Pañcendrop.): I, 197, †7277.

—§ 240 (Vaivāhikap.): I, 199, 7351 (Rohiṇī ca yathā S°e

tvaṃ bhava bhartṛṣu).—[§ 246 (Sundopasundop.): I, 211,

7682 (Candrādityau, in the abode of Brahmán)].—§ 257c

(Gāṇḍīva): I, 225, 8177 (rājñā, had possessed the bow

(i.e. Gāṇḍīva), the quivers, and the chariot which Varuṇa

gave to Arjuna).—§ 257 (Khāṇḍavadahanap.): I, 225, 8186

(yaṃ sma S°ḥ samāruhya Danavān ajayat prabhuḥ, sc. the

chariot of Arjuna).—§ 259 (Śārṅgakop.): I, 229, 8360

(Agni identified with S.).—§ 263 (Sabhākriyāp.): II, 3, 80

(°sya ca yathā sabhā).—§ 270 (Brahmasabhāv.): II, 11, 464

(etair, i.e. the pitṛs, āpyāyitaiḥ pūrvaṃ S°a āpyāyate punaḥ)

—[§ 310b (Sūrya): III, 3, 137 (Oṣadhīpatiḥ…janayām-

āsa, sc. oṣadhīḥ), 138 (Candra°)].—§ 317b (Kṛṣṇa

Vāsudeva): III, 12, 480 (Kṛṣṇa becomes S., etc.).—[§ 350

(Nalopākhyānap.): III, 68, 2676 (bhartuḥ samāgamāt sādhvī

Rohiṇī Śaśino yathā)].—§ 391 (Ṛṣyaśṛṅga): III, 114,

†10091 (khe Rohiṇī S°m ivānukūlā).—[§ 400 (Tīrthayātrāp.):

III, 118, †10225 (Candrasya, sc. āyatanaṃ, visited by Yudhi-

ṣṭhira, etc.)].—[§ 421c (Ākāśa-Gaṅgā): III, 142, 10906

(Candramāḥ, among the luminous bodies which resort to the

Ākāśa-Gaṅgā)].—§ 439 (Yakṣayuddhap.): III, 163,

[11867 (Sūrya-Candramasau, go round Meru)], 11872

(nakṣatraiḥ saha).—§ 450 (Ājagarap.): III, 180, 12461

(pañcamaḥ Somād Āyoḥ putraḥ, i.e. Nahuṣa).—§ 459

(Mārkaṇḍeyas.): III, 189, 12955 (identified with Nārāyaṇa).

—§ 474b (Dhundhumārop.): III, 201, 13498 (Indra-S°āgni-

Varuṇāḥ, worship Viṣṇu).—§ 490 (Āṅgirasa): III, 219,

14138, 14139 (Somena saha yujyate, sc. the fire Vīra, so Nīl.)

—§ 493 (do.): III, 221, 14190 (Agnī-Ṣomau, sons of Niśā).

—§ 496 (Skandotpatti): III, 224, 14267, 14271, 14275

(°sya Vahni-Sūryābhyāṃ…samāgamaḥ), 14276.—§ 506

(Skandayuddha): III, 231, 14560 (held a white umbrella

over the head of Skanda).—§ 509 (Kārttikeyast.): III, 232,

†14643 (Skanda identified with S.).—§ 512 (Ghoṣayātrāp.):

III, 247, 15045 (upaplutaṃ yathā S°ṃ Rāhuṇā).—§ 522

(Draupadīharaṇap.): III, 265, †15590 (°sya, sc. patnī).—

§ 552c (Gāṇḍīva): IV, 43, 1348 (held Gāṇḍīva for 500

years).—§ 552 (Goharaṇap): IV, 56, 1770 (°sya, sc.

vimānaṃ).—§ 555 (Indravijaya): V, 16, †511 (purāṇo

devaḥ?).—§ 560 (Sanatsujātap.): V, 46, 1757.—§ 565

(Gālavacarita): V, 108, 3771 (atra—i.e. in the east—

labdhavaraḥ S°ḥ suraiḥ kratubhiḥ pīyate), [111, 3828 (atra—

i.e. in the north—rājyena viprāṇāṃ Candramāś cābhyaṣicata);

117, 3968 (reme…yathā Candraś ca Rohiṇyāṃ)].—§ 569b

Page645-b+ 63

(Yayāti): V, 149, 5042 (°ḥ Prajāpatiḥ pūrvaṃ Kurāṇāṃ

vaṃśavardhanaḥ / S°ād babhūva ṣaṣṭo 'yaṃ Yayātiḥ).—[§ 575

(Bhūmip.): VI, 11, 403 (°ārkayoḥ)].—[§ 575e (do.): the

diameter of the moon is 11,000 yojanas, its circumference

38,900 yojanas; VI, 12, 484 (Candramāḥ), 485 (Śītaraśmiḥ)].

—§ 576 (Bhagavadgītāp.): VI, 17, 637 (Maghāviṣayagaḥ

S°ḥ); 39, 1395 (puṣṇāmi cauṣadhīḥ sarvāḥ S°o bhūtrā

rasātmakaḥ, says Kṛṣṇa).—§ 592 (Saṃśaptakavadhap.):

VII, 23ο, 977 (Sutasomaṃ tu yaṃ Pārthaḥ, S°ād—B.

saumyaṃ—putram ayācata—B. ajījanat).—§ 595 (Ṣoḍaśarāj.,

v. Gaya): VII, 66, 2343 (īje…yathā S°ḥ); (do. v. Pṛthu

Vainya): VII, 69, 2416 (°rāṭ, acted as calf when the

Saptarṣis milked the earth).—§ 599 (Jayadrathavadhap.):

VII, 98, 3641 (devā Brahma-S°purogamāḥ, came to see the

encounter between Droṇa and Sātyaki); 116, 4627 (grasya-

mānaṃ…khe S°m iva Rāhuṇā); 137, 5636 (prajā-

saṃharaṇe…S°ṃ sapta grahā iva, sc. apīḍayan).—§ 599c

(Śini): VII, 144, 6028 (son of Atri and father of Budha).—

§ 603d (Tripura): VII, 202, 9574 (śaraṃ…Viṣṇu-

S°samāyutaṃ, employed by Śiva).—§ 603 (Nārāyaṇāstra-

mokṣap.): VII, 202κκ, 9632 (Somārdhaṃ, B. Somo'rdhaṃ,

sc. the one half of the body of Śiva).—§ 606 (Tripurākhyāna):

VIII, 34, 1471 (became the bhalla of Śiva's chariot), 1502,

1503 (agnī-Somaṃ jagat, so C., B. has Agnī-Ṣomau jagat),

1510 (°-Viṣṇvagnisaṃbhavaṃ, sc. bāṇaṃ), 1533 (iṣuṃ…

Viṣṇu-S°āgnisambhavaṃ), 1555 (°āgni-Viṣṇūnāṃ).—§ 607

(Karṇap.): VIII, 42, 2005 (°rājānaḥ, having S. for their

king, scil. the brahmans; differently PCR.); 45ζ, 2103

(with the brahmans he protects the north).—[§ 608b (Arjuna):

VIII, 46, 2160 (Induḥ, had been one of the horses of the

chariot of Arjuna)].—§ 608 (Karṇap.): VIII, 87λ, 4418

(sided with Arjuna); [89, †4595 (Atrisutodbhava°)]; 94,

†4943 (grahaḥ S°sya putraḥ, i.e. Budha); [96, 5042 (Agny-

anilendubhānavaḥ)].—§ 615 (Baladevatīrthayātrā): IX, 35,

[2009 (Uḍurāj)], 2011.—§ 615 (Prabhāsotpattik.): IX, 35,

2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2022, 2024, 2025, 2027, 2029,

2030, 2032, 2039, 2043, 2049, 2051, 2053, 2054 (S. married

twenty-seven daughters of Dakṣa, on account of his pre-

dilection for Rohiṇī, the other wives complained to Dakṣa

who cursed S. so that he was affected by phthisis. Soma

bathed in Prabhāsa and thus recovered his effulgence, and so

he does on every new-moon day).—§ 615 (Baladevatīrtha-

yātrā): IX, 43, †2446 (°sya mahat sutīrthaṃ), 2447 (per-

formed a rājasūya).—§ 615u (Skanda): IX, 45 [(γ) 2506

(Sūrya - Candramasau)], 2534 (gave two companions to

Skanda).—§ 615v (Varuṇa): IX, 47υ, 2735 (°ena sārdhaṃ

hānirṛddhī).—§ 615 (Baladevatīrthayātrā): IX, 50, 2924

(°sya mahat sutīrthaṃ, there S. performed a rājasūya, cf. v.

2447); [51, 2925 (Uḍupatiḥ, do., do.)].—§ 641 (Rājadh.):

XII, 122, [4499 (Niśākaraṃ, made lord of the nakṣatras)],

4517.—§ 660b (Bhṛgu-Bharadvājasaṃv.): XII, 182, 6783

(Agnī-Ṣoman).—§ 664 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 207ε, 7541

(married twenty-seven daughters of Dakṣa).—§ 665 (do.):

XII, 208, 7575 (rājā, son of Atri).—§ 693b (Vṛtravadha):

XII, 282α, 10120.—§ 700 (Mokṣadh.): XII, 289, 10644

(Agnī-Ṣoman).—[§ 707 (do.): XII, 314, 11617 (Candramāḥ,

the adhidaivata of manas)].—[§ 712 (Śukotpatti): XII,

324, 12175 (Divākara-Niśākarau, on the Meru)].—§ 717b

(Nārāyaṇīya): XII, 335α, 12686 (among the twenty-one

Prajāpatis); [341λ, 13017 (Tārādhipaḥ)]; 342, 13186

(Agnī-Ṣomamayaṃ…jagat), ††13187 (Agnī-Ṣomau);

343, 13188 (do.), ††13194 (do.), XI), ††13219 (rājānaṃ)

††13220, ††13221 (repetition from § 615), 13225 (Agnī

Page646-a+ 62

Ṣomakṛtaiḥ…karmabhiḥ); 349, I), 13561 (obtained the

religion of Nārāyaṇa from the Vaikhānasas), II), 13562

(imparted it to Brahmán).—§ 730g (Upamanyu): XIII, 14,

889 (identified with Śiva).—§ 730 (Ānuśās.): XIII, 14αα,

991.—§ 739 (do.): XIII, 34, 2110 (°rājānaḥ, scil. brāhmaṇāḥ).

—§ 740 (do.): XIII, 36, (2177), 2182 (discoursed on siddhi).

—§ 746 (do.): XIII, 62β, 3150 (applauds the giver of earth);

63, 3239 (Agnī-Ṣomau); 67, 3386 (nīrajātaḥ…S°o

grahagaṇeśvaraḥ); 82, 3857.—§ 747b (Suvarṇotpatti): XIII,

84, 3977 (Agnī-Ṣomātmakaṃ suvarṇaṃ); 85, 4103 (Agnī-

Ṣomātmakaṃ jātarūpaṃ), 4173 (Brahma-Vāyv-Agni-Somānāṃ

sālokyaṃ).—[§ 748b (Tārakavadhop.): XIII, 86, 4208

(Candramāḥ, gave a sheep to Skanda)].—§ 749 (Ānuśāsanik.):

XIII, 91β, 4348, 4351; 92, 4375, 4376, 4377, 4378

(questioned about śrāddhas), 4386.—§ 753 (do.): XIII, 97,

4662 (to S. bali is to be offered in the north).—§ 757h

(Somaloka): XIII, 102, †4871 (°sya rājñaḥ sadane).—

§ 757o (Somapīthin, pl.): XIII, 102, 4896 (°vīthīṃ,

differently B.).—§ 759 (Ānuśāsanik.): XIII, 107, 5279

(°kanyānivāseṣu).—[§ 764 (do.): XIII, 123, 5861 (sutā

Tārādhipasyeva)].—[§ 768b (Umā-Maheśvarasaṃv.): XIII,

146γ, 6751 (Rohiṇī Śaśinaḥ sādhvī)].—§ 770 (Ānuśāsanik.):

XIII, 151δ, 7094 (the third of the Vasus), 7155 (°ādityān-

vayāḥ).—§ 772j (Utathya): XIII, 155, 7241 (Bhadrā S°sya

duhitā), 7250 (had bestowed his daughter Bhadrā on Utathya,

then she was ravished by Varuṇa).—§ 772m (Atri): XIII,

157, 7292 (°-Bhāskarau, pierced by Rāhu), 7299.—§ 773b

(Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva): XIII, 159, 7366 (identified with

Kṛṣṇa).—§ 773 (Ānuśās.): XIII, 160, 7408 (°rājānaḥ,

scil. brāhmaṇāḥ).—§ 782b (Brāhmaṇagītā): XIV, 20, 608

(°o sahāgninā, in the abode of the soul).—§ 782g (Guruśiṣya-

saṃv.): XIV, 43δ, 1178 (auṣadhīnāṃ patiḥ), 1179 (viprāṇāṃ

rājā).—§ 789 (Putradarśanap.): XV, 31η, 856 (°a iva (!)

Saubhadraḥ).—§ 795 (Svargārohaṇap.): XVIII, 4, 143

(°ena sahitaṃ…Abhimanyuṃ); 5, 166 (after death

Abhimanyu entered S.).

Cf. also the following synonyms:—

Atrisuta (“the son of Atri”): VIII, 4594 (Nāsatya-

Dasrātrisutodbhavādyair aṣṭāṅgavidyāsanam udcahadbhiḥ).

Aṃśumat: I, 5531 (sāṅgāraka ivā °ān); XII, 4500

(cīrudhām A°ntaṃ, sc. īśaṃ).

*Candra: I, 1162 (°-Sūryābhyāṃ), 1166 (do.), 7682;

III, 138 (°tejabḥiḥ), †10225 (°sya, sc. āyatanaṃ); V, 3968

(reme…yathā C°ś ca Rohiṇyāṃ); VII, 9594 (identified

with Śiva); IX, 2011; XII, 10438 (°ādityau cakṣuṣī te,

sc. Śiva's, 1000 names¹); XIII, 3682 (Vaiṣṇavāś C°lokāḥ),

7295 (°ādityau), 7636 (do.).

*Candramas: I, 2535 (devānāṃ Sūrya-C°au), 2583

(son of Manasvinī), 5376 (pañcatāreṇa saṃyaktaḥ Sāvitreṇeva

C°āḥ), 8234 (iva); III, 5024 (nirmalaś C°ā yathā), 10906;

V, 3828 (was anointed), 4753 (nakṣatrair iva C°āḥ, sc.

parivṛtaḥ); VI, 484, 4567 (pīḍitaḥ…yathā yugakṣaye

ghore C°āḥ pañcabhir grahaiḥ); VII, 9595 (identified with

Śiva), 9600 (do.): IX, 302 (kāntirāpamukhaiśvaryais tribhiś

C°sā samaṃ), 805 (°so 'bhyāse Śanaiścara iva grahaḥ), 2021,

2028, 2043, 2059, 2506 (Sūrya-Ś°au); XII, 11617 (adhi-

daivataṃ, sc. of the manas), 12864 (= Mahāpuruṣa, Mahā-

puruṣastava); XIII, 2014, 4208 (gave a sheep to Skanda),

5968 (mucyate…Rāhuṇā C°ā yathā), 7497 (identified

with Śiva).

*Śaśalakṣaṇa (“hare-marked”): III, 16198 (C. has

by error °lakṣmaṇaṃ); VI, 195(?); IX, 2041, 2048, 2058.

Page646-b+ 62

*Śaśāṅka (do.): VI, 1285 (identified with Kṛṣṇa);

VIII, 3392 (kāntyā Ś°sya).

*Śaśin (do.): III, 2676 (sādhvī Rohiṇī Ś°no yathā);

VII, 161 (nakṣatrāṇāṃ iva Ś°ī, sc. senāpatiḥ), 2993 (tamo

vighnan yathā Ś°ī); IX, 2012, 2026, 2030, 2047; XII, 318

(Āditya-Ś°-tārakaṃ); XIII, 6751 (Rohiṇī Ś°naḥ sādhvī).

*Śatasahasrāṃśu (“having 100,000 rays”): I, 1145

(S°).

*Śītāṃśu (“cool-rayed”): I, 1145 (S°), 4162 (°tāṃ);

III, 3008, 15100 (°tāṃ); IX, 2022, 2052.

*Śītaraśmi (do.): VI, 485; XIII, 2645 (iva).

Grahagaṇeśvara, Grahapati, q.v.

*Indu: I, 2577 (married twenty-seven daughters of

Dākṣa), 3134 (do.); VIII, 2160 (saptitām gataḥ), †5042

(Agny-anilendu-Bhānavaḥ); XII, 13219; XIII, 1059 (Varu-

ṇendū, identified with Śiva).

Kumudanātha (“lord of the lotuses”): VII, †8408.

Nakṣatrapati, Nakṣatrarāj, Nakṣatra-

rāja, q.v.

*Niśākara (“night-maker”): III, 2667 (niśāṃ Rāhu-

grastan °āṃ), 2704 (iva); VI, 5130 (pīḍayām āsa…parvaṇīva

susaṃkruddho Rāhuḥ pūrṇaṃ N°ṃ); IX, 1967 (divīva nakṣa-

tragaṇaiḥ parikīrṇo N°ḥ), 2016, 2031, 2039, 2057, 3126

(nakṣatrair iva saṃpūrṇo vṛto niśi N°aḥ); XII, 4499 (nakṣa-

trāṇām īśaḥ), 12175 (Divākara-N°au); XIII, 2176.

Oṣadhīpati (“lord of herbs”): III, 137.

Prajāpati, Tārādhipa, Tārakārāja, Tārāpati,

Uḍupa, Uḍupati, Uḍurāj, Virocana, q.v.

[ID=9973]

— Index to the Names in the Mahabharata

1. A son born of Atri's eyes who became lord of plants, brahmans, and stars, and father of Budha. 2. The husband of the twenty-seven daughters of Daksha, including Krittika.

— The Purana Index

1. A guardian deity of the world with his city on the north of Mount Meru. 2. The lord of stars and an aspect of Shiva. 3. A deity associated with ancestors and rituals. 4. One of the nine planetary deities with a white color. 5. The celestial nectar consumed by ancestors and gods that nourishes rivers through rain.

— The Purana Index

Adjectival, Relational, or Morphological Forms

3 definitions

feminine of soma

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

relating to Soma

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

together with Uma

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Abstract Concepts (Sky, Monday, One)

2 definitions

Monday

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

heaven, sky, ether

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Soma in Ritual Context

2 definitions

a Soma sacrifice

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

a day destined for extracting the soma juice

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Soma Plant and its Juice/Extract

2 definitions

the Soma plant

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

the famous plant used for preparing the libation at Vedic sacrifices

सोम (soma) [Printed book page 2-474]
Soma was the famous plant which was used for the prepara-

tion of the libation of Soma made at the Vedic sacrifice. Its

importance is sufficiently shown by the fact that the whole of

the ninth Maṇḍala of the Rigveda, and six hymns in other

Maṇḍalas, are devoted to its praise.

Nevertheless, little is actually known of the plant. Its twigs

or shoots are described as brown (babhru),¹ ruddy (aruṇa),² of

tawny (hari).³ Possibly its twigs hang down if the epithet

Naicāśākha⁴ refers to the plant as Hillebrandt⁵ thinks. The

shoot is called aṃśu,⁶ while the plant as a whole is called

andhas,⁷ which also denotes the juice.⁸ Parvan⁹ is the stem.

Kṣip,¹⁰ ‘finger,’ is used as a designation of the shoots, which may

therefore have resembled fingers in shape; vakṣaṇā¹¹ and vāṇa¹²

also seem to have the sense of the shoot. There is some slight.

evidence to suggest that the stem was not round, but angular.¹³
Page2-475+ 61

The plant grew on the mountains,¹⁴ that of Müjavant being

specially renowned.

These notices are inadequate to identify the plant. It has

been held¹⁵ to be the Sarcostemma viminale or the Asclepias acida

(= Sarcostemma brevistigma). Roth¹⁶ held that the Sarcostemma

acidum more nearly met the requirements of the case. Watt¹⁷

suggested the Afghan grape as the real Soma, and Rice¹⁸

thought a sugar-cane might be meant, while Max Müller and

Rājendralāla Mitra suggested that the juice was used as an

ingredient in a kind of beer — i.e., that the Soma plant was a

species of hop. Hillebrandt¹⁹ considers that neither hops nor

the grape can explain the references to Soma. It is very

probable that the plant cannot now be identified.²⁰

In the Yajurveda²¹ the plant is purchased ere it is pressed.

Hillebrandt²² considers that the sale must be assumed for the

Rigveda. It grew on a mountain, and could not be obtained

by ordinary people: perhaps some special tribe or prince

owned it, like the Kīkaṭas.²³ As it stands, the ritual perform-

ance is clearly an acquisition of the Soma from the Gandharvas

(represented by a Śūdra), a ritual imitation of the action which

may have been one of the sources of the drama. Owing

to the difficulty of obtaining the real plant from a great
Page2-476+ 61

distance, several substitutes were allowed in the Brāhmaṇa

period.²⁴

The plant was prepared for use by being pounded with stones

or in a mortar. The former was the normal method of pro-

cedure, appearing in the Rigveda as the usual one. The stones

are called grāvan²⁵ or adri,²⁶ and were, of course, held in the

hands.²⁷ The plant was laid on boards one beside the other

(Adhiṣavana), and, according at least to the later ritual,²⁸ a

hole was dug below, so that the pounding of the plant by

means of the stones resulted in a loud noise, doubtless a

prophylactic against demoniac influences.

The plant was placed on a skin and on the Vedi²⁹ — which

was no longer done in the later ritual — Dhiṣaṇā in some

passages denoting the Vedi.³⁰

Sometimes the mortar and pestle were used in place of the

stones.³¹ This use, though Iranian, was apparently not common

in Vedic times.
[Footnote: 1) The word is not actually found

applied to the plant itself; but the

Pañcaviṃśa Brāhmaṇa, ix. 5, 3, pre-

scribes arjunāni, plants of this indefinite

colour, as a substitute for Soma, if

Pūtīkas cannot be obtained.]

[Footnote: 2) Rv. vii. 98, 1; x. 94, 3; 144, 5.

Cf. Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, iv. 5, 10,

1 et seq.]

[Footnote: 3) Rv. ix. 92, 1. The Soma cow,

with which Soma was purchased, is

called babhru or aruṇā, Śatapatha Brāh-

maṇa, iii. 3, 1, 15; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā,

iii. 7, 5, etc.]

[Footnote: 4) Rv. iii. 53, 14. Cf. Naicāśākha.]

[Footnote: 5) Vedische Mythologie, 1, 14-18; 2,

241-245.]

[Footnote: 6) Rv. i. 168, 3 iii. 48, 2, etc.]

[Footnote: 7) Rv. i. 28, 7; iii. 48, 1; iv. 16, 1,

etc.]

[Footnote: 8) ii. 14, 1; 19, 1; 35, 1. etc.]

[Footnote: 9) Rv. i. 9, 1. Cf. parus, Taittirīya

Brāhmaṇa, iii. 7, 13; Vaitāna Sūtra, 24.]

[Footnote: 10) Rv. ix. 79, 4. Cf., however,

Pischel, Vedische Studien, 1, 70.]

[Footnote: 11) Rv. viii. 1, 17.]

[Footnote: 12) Rv. iv. 24, 9; ix. 50, 1. But these

passages are both very doubtful. Cf.

Vāṇa. The husk left after the press-

ing is called andhas (ix. 86, 44; vavri

(ix. 69, 9), tvac (ix. 86, 44; Taittirīya

Brāhmaṇa, iii. 7, 13, 1), śarīva (ibid., 2),

śarya (ix. 68, 2), tānva (ix. 78, 1).]

[Footnote: 13) Cf. pṛṣṭhya in Rv. iv. 20, 4; Hille

brandt, 1, 54, 55.]

[Footnote: 14) Rv. i. 93, 6; iii. 48, 2; v. 36, 2;

43, 4; 85, 2; ix. 18, 1; 46, 1; 71, 4;

82, 3; Av. iii. 21, 10. So in the Avesta,

Yasna, x. 4, etc.]

[Footnote: 15) Lassen, Indische Alterthumskunde,

1^2, 931; Muir, Sanskrit Texts, 5, 261

et seq. Cf. Haug, Aitareya Brahmaṇa,

2, 489; Max Müller, Zeitschrift der

Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft,

9, liv.]

[Footnote: 16) Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgen-

ländischen Gesellschaft, 35, 680 et seq.

Cf. also 38, 134 et seq.]

[Footnote: 17) See Hillebrandt, 1, 7 et seq.]

[Footnote: 18) Ibid., 10.]

[Footnote: 19) Ibid., 12. The dispute between

Max Müller, Roth, J. G. Baker, W. T.

Thiselton Dyer, Charles G. Leland,

and A. Houtum-Schindler, as to the

identity of the plant, is reprinted in

Max Müller's Biographies of Words, 222

et seq., and reviewed by Hillebrandt.

See also Eggeling, Sacred Books of the

East, 26, xxiv. et seq., who thinks that

the traditional identification is not far

wrong. Caland, Altindisches Zauberritual,

188, gives it as Sarcostemma acidum.]

[Footnote: 20) The original Soma plant was,

doubtless, identical with the Haoma of

the Avesta. On the plant from which

the present Parsis of Kermān and Yezd

obtain their Hūm juice, and which they

regard as identical with the Avestic

Haoma, see Eggeling, Sacred Books of

the East, 26, xxiv et seq.]

[Footnote: 21) Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, iii. 3, 1,

1 et seq.; Hillebrandt, 1, 89 et seq.]

[Footnote: 22) Ibid., 70.]

[Footnote: 23) Rv. iii. 53, 14.]

[Footnote: 24) See Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, iv. 5,

10, 1-6, and cf. Eggeling, Sacred Books

of the East, 26, xxvii; Pañcaviṃśa

Brāhmaṇa, ix. 5, 3.]

[Footnote: 25) i. 83, 6; 135, 7, etc.]

[Footnote: 26) i. 130, 2; 135, 5; 137, 1, etc.

Adri is used oftener with the verb su,

‘press,’ than grāvan, which is more

personally conceived, and so appears

with vad, ‘speak,’ and so forth; Hille-

brandt, 1, 153, n. 1.]

[Footnote: 27) Rv. v. 45, 7; ix. 11, 5; x. 76, 2,

etc.]

[Footnote: 28) Kātyāyana Śrauta Sūtra, iv. 4,

28; that ākhara, Rv. x. 94, 5, denotes

this is uncertain.]

[Footnote: 29) Rv. v. 31, 12.]

[Footnote: 30) Rv. i. 109, 3; iii. 2, 1; vi. 11, 3,

etc.]

[Footnote: 31) Rv. i. 28. The pestle is manthā,

the mortar ulūkhala; in x. 101, 11,

vanaspati and vana may have the same

senses respectively.]
[ID=3673]

— The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects

Nectar / Divine Beverage

1 definition

nectar

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

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Definitions on this page come from 13 works: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Index to the Names in the Mahabharata, Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary, Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872), Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899), Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary, The Purana Index, The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects, Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon.