तपस्tapas

तपस् (tapas) is a Sanskrit word meaning warmth, heat, pain, suffering, father of Manyu, the month intervening between winter and spring, the hot season, see po-loka for the definition. Its 59 recorded definitions are grouped into 9 contexts, among them Religious Austerity, Penance, Asceticism, A Specific Month or Season, Heat, Warmth, Fire.

Root: तप् (tap)
Etymology: E. तप् to heat or inflame, affix असुन्
Definitions: 59

View Declension Tables , 72 forms

Meanings by context

Religious Austerity, Penance, Asceticism

19 definitions

religious austerity, bodily mortification, penance, or severe meditation

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Penance, religious austerity

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Meditation connected with the practice of personal self-denial or bodily mortification.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the influence of religious penance

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

undergoing penance

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Rich in religious penance. 2. Pious or ascetic. 3. Consisting of penance.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

rich in penance, an ascetic, or a devotee

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

an eminently pious man or an ascetic

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

performing penance

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the power acquired by religious austerities or the efficacy of devotion

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

ascetic, pious

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

an ascetic

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

excellence of devotion or pre-eminent religious austerities

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

very ascetic or devout

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

inclined to practice penance

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the practice of penance or religious austerities

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The month of Magha, corresponding to January and February. 2. The cold or dewy season. 3. The hot season. 4. Religious austerity, penance, or self-denial. 5. A world inhabited by saints or devotees after death. 6. Virtue or moral merit. 7. Duty or the special observance required of a class or stage of life.

— Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Religious austerity, virtue, or duty. 2. The months of January and February, or the dewy and hot season. 3. One of the Hindu heavens.

— Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The month of Magha, corresponding to January and February. 2. The cold or dewy season. 3. The hot season. 4. Religious austerity, penance, or self-denial. 5. A celestial world above Janaloka inhabited by saints and devotees. 6. Virtue or moral merit. 7. Duty or special observance.

— Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

A Specific Month or Season

10 definitions

the month intervening between winter and spring

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

the hot season

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

The month of religious austerities.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

The month of Magha

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

The cold season

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

The winter

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

The hot season

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

The month of Magha

— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. The cold season. 2. Winter. 3. The hot season.

— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary

See Masa

— The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects

Heat, Warmth, Fire

9 definitions

warmth, heat

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Warmth, heat, or fire

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

an epithet of Agni

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Heat or fire. 2. Torment, penance, or religious austerity. 3. A month corresponding to January and February.

— Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Warmth or heat. 2. Pain or suffering. 3. Penance or austerity. 4. Meditation connected with self-denial. 5. Moral virtue or merit. 6. The special duty of a caste. 7. One of the seven worlds, located above the Janas world.

— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Fire. 2. Penance, religious austerity, or devotion. 3. The month of January to February.

— Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Warmth, heat, or ardour. 2. Pain or grief. 3. Religious austerity, penance, or meditation. 4. A certain month or season.

— Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Heat or fire. 2. Asceticism, penance, or religious devotion.

— Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary

1. Warmth, heat, or fire. 2. Pain or suffering. 3. Religious austerity, penance, mortification, or self-denial, including associated meditation. 4. Moral virtue or merit. 5. Special observance or duty of a particular caste. 6. A particular month of the cold season between winter and spring. 7. One of the seven upper worlds inhabited by saints or devotees after death. 8. The ninth lunar mansion. 9. A long period of time or a Kalpa. 10. The cold, dewy season, winter, or the hot season.

तपस् (tapas) [Printed book page 0363-b]
Tapas, as, n. warmth, heat, fire, (pañca tapāṃsi,

the five fires to which an ascetic is exposed in the

hot season, viz. four fires lighted in the several

quarters and the sun burning from above); pain,

suffering; religious austerity, penance, mortification,

the practice of mental or personal self-denial or the

infliction of bodily tortures; the meditation connected

with such a practice; moral virtue, merit; special

observance or duty of any particular caste (e. g. the

Tapas of a Brāhman is sacred learning; of a Kṣa-

triya, the protection of subjects; of a Vaiśya, giving

alms to Brāhmans; of a Śūdra, service; and of a

Ṛṣi or saint, feeding upon herbs and roots); a

particular month of the cold season intervening

between winter and spring (= Māgha or January-

February, the month of religious austerities; cf. ta-

pasya); one of the seven worlds, the region above

the Jana-loka, inhabited by saints or devotees after

death [cf. tapo-loka]; (in astrology) the ninth lunar

mansion, = dharma; N. of a long period of time, a

Kalpa; (ās, as), m. n. the cold or dewy season (=

śiśira); the winter (= himartu); the hot season.

—Tapaḥ-kara, as, ā, am, undergoing religious

austerities or penance &c. (as), m. a kind of fish,

Polynemus Risua or Paradiseus, (this fish is also

called Tapasyā-matsya); [cf. tapas-vin.] —Tapaḥ-

kṛśa, as, ā, am emaciated by austerities. —Tapaḥ-

kleśa-saha, as, ā, am, patient of austerities, enduring

the pain of penance. —Tapaḥ-prabhāva, as, m. the

efficacy of devotion. —Tapaḥ-śīla, as, ā, am, in-

clined to religious austerities. —Tapaḥ-samādhi, is,

m. the practice of penance. —Tapaḥ-sādhya, as, ā,

am, to be accomplished by penance. —Tapaḥ-siddha,

as, ā, am, accomplished by penance. —Tapaḥ-sthalī,

f. ‘the seat of religious austerity or piety,’ a N. of

Benares. —Tapaś-caraṇa, am, n. or tapaś-caryā,

f. the practice of penance. —Tapaś-cit, t, t, t, accu-

mulating religious merit by austerities; (tas), m. pl.,

N. of a class of deities; tapaścitām ayanam, N.

of a religious ceremony which lasts several days.

—Tapaso-mūrti, is, m., N. of one of the seven

sages in the twelfth Manv-antara; [cf. tapo-mūrti.]

—Tapas-takṣa, as, m. ‘destroying religious

penance,’ an epithet of Indra as disturbing the

austerities of ascetics lest they should acquire too

great power; (other authorities explain the word

‘emaciating himself by his devotions;’ and others

read tapas-taṅka, ‘afraid of austerities’ or ‘the axe

of austerities.’) —Tapas-tīrtha, am, n., N. of a

place of pilgrimage. —Tapas-pati, is, m. the lord

of penance. —Tapas-vat, ān, atī, at, Ved. burning,

hot; ascetic, devout; [cf. tapo-vat.] —Tapasvi-tā,

f. devout austerity, religious penance, bodily morifica-

tion. —Tapas-vin, ī, inī, i, distressed, wretched,

poor, miserable, pitiable; practising austerities, de-

vout; a mendicant, a pauper; an ascetic, a religious

man engaged in the practice of rigorous and devout

penance; (ī), m., N. of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa

and Naḍvalā; N. of one of the seven sages of the

twelfth Manv-antara; an epithet of Nārada; the

mango fish, Polynemus Risua [cf. tapaḥ-kara]; N.

of a tree, a kind of Karañja (ghṛta-karañja);

(inī), f. a female devotee, a woman leading a re-

ligious life; a poor wretched woman; spikenard,

Valeriana Jaṭāmānsi; another plant, Helleborus Niger,

= kaṭu-rohiṇī; also = mahā-śrāvaṇikā. —Tapa-

svi-pattra, as, m., N. of a plant, = damanaka; [cf.

tapo-dhana.] —Tapo-jā, ās, ās, am, Ved. born from

heat; one who practises religious austerities. —Tapo-

da, as, ā, am, granting piety; (am), n., N. of a

Tīrtha in Magadha. —Tapo-dāna, am, n., N. of a

Tīrtha. —Tapo-dhana, as, ā, am, rich in religious

penance; ascetic, pious; a very treasure of mortifica-

tions and austerities, a devotee, an ascetic, performing

religious penance; consisting in religious penance;
Page0363-c+ 81

granting religious merit or piety; (as), m., N. of a

son of Manu Tāmasa; N. of a plant, = damanaka,

commonly davaṇā, Artemisia [cf. tapasvi-pattra];

(ā), f. the plant Sphæranthus Mollis, = muṇḍīrī,

commonly muṇḍī. —Tapo-dharma, as, m., N. of

a son of the thirteenth Manu. —Tapo-dhāman, a,

n. ‘the abode of penance,’ N. of a place of pilgrimage.

—Tapo-dhṛti, is, m., N. of one of the seven sages

of the twelfth Manv-antara. —Tapo-nitya, as, ā, am,

devoting one's self uninterruptedly to religious auste-

rities or penance; (as), m., N. of a man with the

patronymic Pauruśiṣṭi. —Tapo-nidhi, is, m. a

treasury of religious austerities and penance, a very

treasure of merit derived from self-mortification, an

eminently pious man. —Tapo-niṣṭha, as, ā, am,

performing penance, practising austerities. —Tapo-

'nubhāva (°pas-an°), as, m. the influence of re-

ligious penance. —Tapo-bala, am, n. the power

acquired by religious austerities. —Tapo-bhaṅga,

as, m. interruption of religious penance. —Tapo-

bhṛt, t, t, t, undergoing penance, ascetic, pious; an

ascetic, a pious man. —Tapo-maya, as, ī, am, con-

sisting in religious penance, containing it; practising

austerities, devout. —Tapo-mūrti, is, f. an incarna-

tion of religious austerity or penance; an ascetic;

(is), m., N. of one of the seven sages of the twelfth

Manv-antara; [cf. tapaso-mūrti.] —Tapo-mūla,

as, ā, am, founded on religious austerity or penance;

(as), m., N. of a son of Manu Tāmasa. —Tapo-

yukta, as, ā, am, employed in penitential exercises,

ascetic, pious. —Tapo-rati, is, is, i, rejoicing in re-

ligious austerity; (is), m., N. of a son of Manu

Tāmasa. —Tapo-ravi, is, m. ‘the sun of the ascetics,’

N. of one of the seven sages in the twelfth Manv-

antara. —Tapo-rāja, as, m. ‘king of penance,’ the

moon. —Tapo-rāśi, is, m. ‘a heap of religious

austerities;’ an ascetic. —Tapo-loka, as, m. one of

the seven worlds, that which is situated above the

Jana-loka; [cf. tapas.] —Tapo-vaṭa, as, m. ‘en-

closure or district of religious penance,’ a N. applied

to Brahmāvarta, i. e. the holy land situated in central

India. —Tapo-vat, ān, atī, at, ascetic, pious; [cf.

tapas-vat.] —Tapo-vana, as, m. ‘penance-grove,’

a sacred grove in which ascetics perform their re-

ligious austerities. —Tapo-vāsa, as, m. a place of

religious austerity. —Tapo-viśeṣa, as, m. excellence

of devotion. —Tapo-vṛddha, as, ā, am, rich in

religious austerity or penance, very ascetic or pious.

—Tapo-vrāta, as, m. a multitude of penances.

—Tapo-'śana (°pas-aś°), as, ā, am, one whose

food is religious austerity; (as), m., N. of one of

the seven sages of the twelfth Manv-antara; also of

a son of Manu Tāmasa. [ID=20431]

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872)

Cosmological or Astronomical Entity

7 definitions

See po-loka for the definition.

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

the 9th lunar mansion

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

an epithet of a Kalpa period

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

One of the seven worlds, specifically the region above the world called Janas.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

A long period of time, Kalpa.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the ninth lunar mansion

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the region above the world called Janas

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Personification or Epithet

5 definitions

father of Manyu

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

an epithet of Indra

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. An ascetic. 2. The Supreme spirit.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the moon

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. Mahapurusha. 2. Shiva. 3. Krishna or Vishnu.

— Index to the Names in the Mahabharata

Specific Places Associated with Tapas

4 definitions

the Brahmavarta country

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

a sacred grove where ascetics practice penance

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

a place of penance or religious austerities

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1. A seat of religious austerity. 2. The city of Benares.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pain, Suffering

3 definitions

pain, suffering

— Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899)

Pain or suffering

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

the pain of religious austerity

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Moral Virtue, Merit

1 definition

Moral virtue, merit

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Special Duty or Observance

1 definition

Special duty or observance of a particular caste.

— Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Read तपस् in the app

All the contexts on this page, offline — and the word becomes yours to keep, annotate and come back to.

Favorite तपस् to save it
Add your own notes
Search by Context
Declension tables offline
Syncs through iCloud

Definitions on this page come from 13 works: Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Index to the Names in the Mahabharata, Lanman's Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary, Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872), Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899), Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary, The Vedic Index of Names and Subjects, Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon.