उपग्रह (upagraha) is a Sanskrit word meaning seizure, confinement, a prisoner, a handful of Kusha grass, adding, addition of a sound, used as a musical note at the end of a Saman chant, alteration or change. Its 18 recorded definitions are grouped into 10 contexts, among them Entries with Multiple Distinct Meanings, Peace Achieved by Complete Cession, Seizure, Confinement, or Prisoner.
Etymology
E. उप near, ग्रह to take, अप् affix or ग्रह a planet, &c
1. A prisoner or creature in confinement. 2. Favour or encouragement. 3. Assistance. 4. Peace purchased by ceding everything. 5. Seizure. 6. The presiding spirit directing a planet's motion. 7. A minor planet or secondary heavenly body such as a comet or meteor. 8. A heap of kusa grass.
उप (upa)ग्रह (graha) (upagraha) [Printed book page 153] उप (upa)ग्रह (graha) (upagraha) m. (-हः (-haḥ))
1 A prisoner, a man or animal in confinement.
2 Favour, encouragement.
3 Assistance.
4 Peace purchased by the cession of every thing.
5 Seizure.
6 The presiding spirit or cause directing a planet's motion.
7 A minor planet or any heavenly body of a secondary kind, as a comet, a meteor, a falling star, &c.
8 A heap of kusa grass.
E. उप (upa) near, ग्रह (graha) to take, अप् (ap) affix or ग्रह (graha) a planet, &c.
[ID=7318]
— Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1. A prisoner. 2. Favor. 3. Seizure. 4. A secondary planet.
उपग्रह (upagraha) [Printed book page 126-a] उप-ग्रह (upa-graha)(हः) ((haḥ)) 1. m. A prisoner; favour; seizure; secondary planet. [ID=6723]
— Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1. Confinement.
2. A prisoner.
3. Favour or encouragement.
4. Joining or annexing.
5. A minor planet.
उपग्रह (upagraha) [Printed book page 136-26] उपग्रह (upagraha)m. 1. Confinement; 2. a prisoner; 3. favour, encouragement; 4. joining, annexing; 5. a minor planet, (e.g. राहु (rāhu), केतु (ketu)). [ID=6687]
— Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1. A prisoner or creature in confinement.
2. Favour or encouragement.
3. Assistance.
4. Peace purchased by the cession of everything.
5. Seizure.
6. The spirit or cause directing a planet's motion.
7. A minor planet, comet, meteor, or falling star.
8. A heap of kusa grass.
6. The presiding spirit or cause directing a planet's motion.
7. A minor planet or any heavenly body of a secondary kind, as a comet, a meteor, a falling star, &c. 8. A heap of kusa grass.
E. उप (upa) near, ग्रह (graha)् (grah) to take, अप् (ap) affix or ग्रह (graha) a planet, &c.
[ID=7315]
— Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary
taking possession of, annexing, or winning over
उपग्रह (upagraha) [Printed book page 088] उपग्रह (upagraha)m. taking possession of, annexing, winning over. [ID=5692]
— Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary
1. Seizure, confinement, or a prisoner.
2. Subjoining or annexing.
3. Appeasing, favour, encouragement, or assistance.
4. Peace purchased by ceding everything.
5. The voice or pada of a verb.
6. A heap of Kusha grass.
7. The presiding spirit or cause directing a planet's motion.
8. A minor planet or secondary heavenly body such as a comet, meteor, or falling star.
उपग्रह (upagraha) [Printed book page 0161-c] Upa-graha, as, m. seizure, confinement; a prisoner; subjoining, annexing; making favourable, appeasing, favour, encouragement, assistance; peace purchased by the cession of everything; the voice or pada of a verb; a heap of Kuśa grass; the presiding spirit or cause directing a planet's motion; (with upa implying in- feriority) a minor planet or any heavenly body of a secondary kind, as a comet, a meteor, a falling star, &c. [ID=11326]
1. A minor planet or secondary heavenly body. 2. A comet, meteor, or falling star.
(H1) [Printed book page 197,1] 2.उप (upa)-ग्रह (graha) (upa-graha)m. (fr.ग्रह (graha) with उप (upa) implying inferiority), a minor planet or any heavenly body of a secondary kind, a comet, meteor, falling star &c., MBh. &c. [ID=34405]
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Definitions on this page come from 8 works:
Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1872), Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1899), Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Vaidya Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Text from the Cologne Digital Sanskrit Lexicon.
